{"id":21018,"date":"2001-12-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2001-12-18T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/18-decembre-2001\/"},"modified":"2001-12-18T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2001-12-18T00:00:00","slug":"18-decembre-2001","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/18-decembre-2001\/","title":{"rendered":"18 d\u00e9cembre 2001"},"content":{"rendered":"

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LES TITRES DE CE JOUR:<\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/strong><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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A.P: Projet de loi sur le terrorisme en Tunisie<\/font><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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Moadh Keriji: R\u00e9ponse \u00e0 l\u00b4article \u00e9crit par Susan Sachs dans le \u00ab\u00a0New-York Times\u00a0\u00bb<\/div>\n
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New York Times: Dans une terre musulmane, un effort d’imposer des le\u00e7ons de tol\u00e9rance (traduit de l\u00b4anglais)<\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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J.A. L\u00b4ItelligentTunisie. Demain, l’union de la gauche ?<\/div>\n
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Robert Fisk: We are the war criminals now<\/font><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0631\u0648\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u0634\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641<\/a><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
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Projet de loi sur le terrorisme en Tunisie<\/strong><\/font><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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http:\/\/fr.news.yahoo.com\/011218\/5\/2czfe.html<\/a><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
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mardi 18 d\u00e9cembre 2001, 20h39<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
TUNIS (AP) — La Tunisie s’appr\u00eate a se doter d’une loi sur la lutte contre le terrorisme. Selon l’agence de presse tunisienne TAP, une \u00e9tude est actuellement en cours au minist\u00e8re tunisien de la Justice en vue de l’\u00e9laboration d’un projet en ce sens.
Selon l’agence, qui ne donne pas de pr\u00e9cision sur les dispositions du projet de loi, il se fonde sur les conventions internationales et les r\u00e9solutions des Nations Unies. <\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
Cette initiative \u00a0\u00bbs’inscrit dans le droit fil de la position constante de la Tunisie en mati\u00e8re de lutte contre le terrorisme sous toutes ses formes, et illustre son souci permanent de combattre ce fl\u00e9au dangereux pour l’ensemble de la communaut\u00e9 internationale\u00a0\u00bb, selon la TAP. <\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
La Tunisie, qui se pr\u00e9vaut d’avoir \u00e9radiqu\u00e9 la menace de l’extr\u00e9misme islamiste qui planait dans les ann\u00e9es 80, s’est dite \u00e0 plusieurs reprises pr\u00eate \u00e0 apporter son concours \u00e0 la lutte internationale contre le terrorisme engag\u00e9e apr\u00e8s les attentats du 11 septembre. <\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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La Tunisie, c\u2019est pas la peine<\/font>\u2026.Taoufik ben Brik<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/h4>\n
Istoufida<\/font>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026…\u2026\u2026Zokrom Bokrom<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
Baiser\u00a0mortel<\/font>\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026..Taoufik Ben Brik<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n
ECRITURES MULTIPLES POUR UN SUJET PLURIEL<\/font>\u2026..<\/span> Tarak Mahdhaoui<\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/h6>\n
Chronique Du mouchard<\/font>\u00a0\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026\u2026Ridha K.<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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1<\/span>– \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a :<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/u><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n
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2<\/span>– \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a :<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/u><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n
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<\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
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Voici une lettre envoy\u00e9e par Me Moadh Keriji\u00a0\u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0New-York Times\u00a0\u00bb r\u00e9pondant \u00e0 l\u00b4article \u00e9crit par Susan Sachs <\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
Sir,<\/p>\n
I’d like to comment on an article by Susan Sachs that was published on Dec 16 glorifying government repression when it is to impose what we regard as \u2018religious correctness\u2019. In Sachs view, this campaign is necessary to get rid of the \u2018narrow version of Islam\u2019 that is behind all the extremism in the world. Well, first, it seems that Ms. Sachs is adopting the same logic as that of the terrorists who justify the means to get to their ends; for while terrorists justify killing innocents to achieve whatever they believe in, Sachs seems to implicitly justify government repression and movement away from democracy to modernise those \u2018backward\u2019 people in the Middle East.
Secondly, I don\u2019t know where does Ms. Sachs get her information from when it comes to Tunisia and it\u2019s so called \u2018Fundamentalist\u2019 movement, but her sources seem to be misinformed. As many specialists in the region know, to mention but a few of them, John Esposito, John Voll, Graham Fuller and many others, the islamist movement in Tunisia is one of the most moderate in the Middle East, one that has pioneered calls for democracy and the acceptance of the other. Furthermore, it has never called for the establishment of an Islamic state in Tunisia. It has emphasised this since it\u2019s establishment in 1981 and has been persistent in its calls for democracy and in its adoption of\u00a0 non-violent politics despite the repression of the government. Ironically, Ms. Sachs herself has pointed out to us that government repression in Tunisia is not limited to the Islamists only but to all sections of the political spectrum from the left and the right; I find it difficult therefore to understand Sachs logic in justifying the repression against the Islamists and then casually mentioning that repression has also covered all other political tendencies. The simple story in Tunisia is that there is an authoritarian, single-party regime who is not prepared to share power with anyone and who is intent at silencing any opponent who criticises the corruption and the human rights violations of the regime. Far from being a model of success, Tunisia is a model of deception, of rhetoric that is totally different from reality, and the best example of this is the teaching of courses \u2018devoted\u2019 to human rights and their daily violations; the presence of a copy of the Univeral Declaration of Human rights on the
walls of every police station while dissidents are tortured. Finally, I think it would be a great mistake to bundle all Islamists together in one basket and label them as extremists and terrorists. As any social phenomena, Islamists have moderate and extremist trends; labelling all as extremists will only strengthen the ones who call for that \u2018narrow\u2019 version of Islam and marginalize the moderate voices making the quest of vanquishing terrorism an impossible goal to achieve.
I advise Ms. Sachs to read a bit more before venturing into such difficult territories, otherwise she should try to live under such a wonderful Tunisian model and experience the daily humiliation and repression that
Tunisians live through, day in and day out.<\/p>\n
Yours sincerely,<\/p>\n
Moadh Kheriji<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n
Research student
University of London<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\n\n<\/div>\n
Voici la\u00a0version francaise \u00a0de l\u00b4article publier par New York Times<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
New York Times , 16 Decembre 2001<\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
Dans une terre musulmane, un effort d’imposer des le\u00e7ons de tol\u00e9rance<\/strong><\/font><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n
<\/font><\/strong>\u00a0<\/div>\n
\u00a0par SUSAN SACHS<\/p>\n
BEAUCOUP DE musulmans croient que l’ouest s’accroche \u00e0 une image laide de l’Islam, un qui tord ses principes de base de paix, d’\u00e9galit\u00e9 et de justice. Cependant, il est parfois dans les propres \u00e9coles et les medias du monde musulman qu’on enseigne le message de la religion en tant qu’intol\u00e9rant. <\/p>\n
Les manuels d’education de l’Arabie Saoudite, qui sont largement distribu\u00e9s \u00e0 des pays musulmans moins riches, informent les \u00e9tudiants des lyc\u00e9es que les non-Musulmans m\u00e9ritent seulement le m\u00e9pris. En
Jordanie et certaines des milliers d’\u00e9coles religieuses pakistanaise, les enfants sont indoctrines pour consid\u00e9rer les juifs et les chr\u00e9tiens comme des ennemis de sang de l’Islam.\u00a0 <\/p>\n
C’est, pour \u00eatre s\u00fbr, une traduction \u00e9troite de l’Islam, une qui refl\u00e8te l’influence que les fondamentalistes utilisent maintenant au-dessus du discours public au sujet de la religion. Et tandis que quelques r\u00e9gimes ont c\u00e9d\u00e9 les zones de la culture et de l’\u00e9ducation \u00e0 leur opposition Islamiste afin d’achever une paix politique, la Tunisie repr\u00e9sente un exemple rare d’un r\u00e9gime qui essaye d’ouvrir ses \u00e9coles a des attitudes plus
tolerantes. <\/p>\n
Reformer les \u00e9coles? Enseigner\u00a0 l’Islam\u00a0 comme un code de comportement compatible avec la vie dans un monde reli\u00e9 et pluraliste?\u00a0 Une tache pas facile.\u00a0\u00a0 C’est juste une partie de la bataille continue contre
l’extremisme religieux .Et partout dans le monde islamique\u00a0 reste une tradition forte de melange de religion avec la politique et l’identit\u00e9. <\/p>\n
Beaucoup de musulmans identifient l’\u00e9nigme: quand un gouvernement essaye d’imposer une nouvelle version de l’exactitudereligieuse,c’est un acte politique, et personne n’a encore figur\u00e9\u00a0la fa\u00e7on de separer\u00a0 la religion de la politique sans payer un prix. Et le plus souvent, ce prix doit \u00eatre pay\u00e9 dans la r\u00e9pression, poussant le pays loin de la pratique d\u00e9mocratique m\u00eame pendant que la base culturelle pour le pluralism d\u00e9mocratique est en train d’etre construite\u00a0 <\/p>\n
Aucun endroit n’illustre le puzzle mieux que la Tunisie, un petit pays nord africain. <\/p>\n
Elle est allee plus loin que n’importe quelle autre nation musulmane pour reconquerir les id\u00e9aux de\u00a0 tol\u00e9rance de l’Islam. Confront\u00e9 \u00e0 un d\u00e9fi interne d’un mouvement fondamentaliste qui a recherch\u00e9 \u00e0 cr\u00e9er un \u00e9tat islamique vers la fin des ann\u00e9es 80, le gouvernement a riposte avec des arrestations, des multiples lois vagues contre le terrorisme, et des r\u00e9formes sociales.<\/p>\n
Le changement le plus important a \u00e9t\u00e9 dans l’\u00e9ducation. Pendant la d\u00e9cennie pass\u00e9e, la Tunisie a r\u00e9vis\u00e9 ses programmes d’\u00e9tudes d’\u00e9cole et d’universit\u00e9 pour souligner le respect pour les autres religions
monotheistiques.\u00a0\u00a0 Des passages qui d\u00e9grad\u00e9nt les femmes et les autres religions ont etes elimines des manuels scolaires. Il y a maintenant des cours exig\u00e9s consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 la d\u00e9claration universelle des droits de l’homme, de la d\u00e9mocratie et de la valeur de l’individu.<\/p>\n
Apr\u00e8s \u00e9limination de son opposition Islamiste par des methodes policieres repressives, la Tunisie a nationalis\u00e9 ses mosques, verrouillant leurs portes except\u00e9 pour les pri\u00e8res ,et surveillant strictement les sermons de ses imams salaries. Ensuite, le gouvernement a attaqu\u00e9 les poches de pauvret\u00e9 qui ont exist\u00e9 dans les villages jet\u00e9s lointains, o\u00f9 un un million environ\u00a0 vivaient sans \u00e9lectricit\u00e9 ou eau potable.\u00a0\u00a0 Maintenant relativement prosp\u00e8re, le pays a une classe moyenne importante. Le gouvernement d\u00e9clare que jusqu’\u00e0 trois quarts des familles de la Tunisie sont des propri\u00e9taires de leures maisons et repr\u00e9sentent ainsi, une force puissante pour la stabilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n
Tout ceci semblerait faire de la Tunisie un mod\u00e8le pour d’autres \u00e9tats musulmans luttant contre les conflictant courants traditionnel et moderne de l’Islam. Le probl\u00e8me, selon l’opinion des groupes de droits de
l’homme et des diplomates \u00e9trangers, est que la Tunisie reste \u00e9galement un \u00e9tat r\u00e9pressif.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n
Le regime\u00a0 arr\u00eate et harcelle les intellectuels, activistes des droits de l’homme et les journalistes qui critiquent le r\u00e9gime du pr\u00e9sident Zine ben Ali. La plupart des publications \u00e9trang\u00e8res sont interdites. Les internautes trouvent souvent bloques les sites Web des journaux, des groupes d’opposition et des organismes comme Amnestie internationale. <\/p>\n
Les dissidents de toutes les tendances politiques sont r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement presentes dans la press gouvernementale comme fondamentalistes d’ombre et meme sont qualifies de terroristes.<\/p>\n
Un paradigme semblable existe ailleurs dans le monde musulman. <\/p>\n
L’Egypte, aussi, a essay\u00e9 d’arracher ses ecoles de l’influence des fondamentalistes et pr\u00e9conise la tol\u00e9rance vers les chr\u00e9tiens (si l\u00e9g\u00e8rement moins vers des juifs) dans ses manuels islamiques.Elle a \u00e9galement arr\u00eat\u00e9 des milliers d’extr\u00e9mistes suspect\u00e9s, ex\u00e9cutant bon nombre d’entre elles par des tribunaux militaires. \u00c0 la diff\u00e9rence des Tunisiens, les \u00e9gyptiens ont \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 les \u00e9tablissements islamiques comme
l’universit\u00e9 d’Al Azhar pour donner \u00e0 leurs politiques un timbre de l’approbation religieuse. Les chefs de la Syrie et de l’Irak ont \u00e9galement impos\u00e9 une vue relativement\u00a0 tolerante des chr\u00e9tiens de leur propre milieu et ont leurs propres chefs religieux approuv\u00e9s par l’etat.\u00a0 <\/p>\n
Mais l’approche n’a pas produit des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s libres et d\u00e9mocratiques. La tol\u00e9rance religieuse de c\u00f4t\u00e9, ce que les Egyptiens\u00a0 ont en commun avec les Tunisiens\u00a0 est une intol\u00e9rance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale vers la dissidence soit elle s\u00e9culaire ou religieuse <\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00bb c’est un cercle vicieux, \u00a0\u00bb a dit Hanny Megally, directeur ex\u00e9cutif\u00a0 de la division de \u00ab\u00a0Human Rights Watch\u00a0\u00bb pour le Moyen-Orient et l’Afrique du Nord .\u00a0\u00bbsi vous silenciez et r\u00e9primez toutes les critiques, pas
simplement les extr\u00e9mistes mais tous aspects de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, vous ne laissez pas les voix mod\u00e9r\u00e9es se d\u00e9velopper et s’epanouir.\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0<\/p>\n
Changer ce qui est enseign\u00e9 dans les \u00e9coles, alors, peut \u00eatre une premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape n\u00e9cessaire pour repandre une interpretation d’un Islam tolerant et ouvert que beaucoup de musulmans y croient. Mais il ne change pas l’equilibre des forces politiques entre les modernists et les extr\u00e9mistes.\u00a0 <\/p>\n
QUAND la Tunisie a commenc\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re fois sa r\u00e9vision de ses programme scolaires, les fondamentalistes \u00e0 l’int\u00e9rieur et en dehors du pays ont attaqu\u00e9 les changements comme un assaut sur les valeurs islamiques.<\/p>\n
Mohamed Charfi, qui a dirig\u00e9 les changements comme ministre de l’\u00e9ducation, \u00e9tait devenu\u00a0 pour les islamistes le pire des vilains.\u00a0 Mais il discute en son livre, l'\u00a0\u00bbIslam et libert\u00e9:\u00a0 le malentendu
historique, \u00ab\u00a0qui l’effort \u00e9tait n\u00e9cessaire.\u00a0\u00a0 La version \u00e9troite de l’Islam qui domine les manuels religieux dans le monde musulman, il a \u00e9crit, a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la croissance des mouvements islamistes violents et extr\u00e9mistes menacant ainsi les gouvernements mod\u00e9r\u00e9s. <\/p>\n
Les\u00a0 leaders musulmans maintenant doivent faire plus pour propager un Islam qui pr\u00e9pare les musulmans pour un r\u00f4le dans un monde moderne, plut\u00f4t que de rester isoles.<\/p>\n
L’issue n’est pas les malentendus entre les non-Musulmans et les musulmans, selon M..\u00a0\u00a0 Charfi, mais l’echec dans le monde islamique dans leur\u00a0 confrontation avec les fondamentalistes.\u00a0 <\/p>\n
Il dit encore \u00a0\u00bb le probl\u00e8me du monde musulman est aujourd’hui que m\u00eame ces pays avec une vision progressive de l’Islam n’osent pas la d\u00e9fendre. quand ils modernisent, ils font ainsi sans jamais en parler \u00ab\u00a0<\/p>\n
Source: La Liste de discussion et d’information sur les droits humains au Maghreb<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n
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Tunisie.<\/font>
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Demain, l’union de la gauche ?<\/font><\/h5>\n
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Face \u00e0 l’h\u00e9g\u00e9monie du parti au pouvoir, l’opposition \u00ab progressiste \u00bb joue la carte du rassemblement.
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<\/font>Par RIDHA K\u00c9FI<\/signature><\/strong><\/font>
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\u00abLa Tunisie est \u00e0 la crois\u00e9e des chemins. Ou bien le pays se pr\u00e9pare d’ici \u00e0 2004 aux r\u00e9formes n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 une alternance pacifique. Ou bien il s’enfonce dans le chemin de la crise et de l’inconnu. \u00bb Ce diagnostic alarmiste est contenu dans la d\u00e9claration constitutive de la \u00ab Coordination d\u00e9mocratique \u00bb (CD), dont la cr\u00e9ation a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendue publique le 16 novembre, \u00e0 Tunis.<\/p>\n
Structure transitoire jusqu’\u00e0 ce que soient r\u00e9unies les conditions de mise en place d’une alliance plus large, \u00ab regroupant des organisations, des sensibilit\u00e9s politiques et des personnalit\u00e9s \u00bb, cette Coordination est, selon ses initiateurs, \u00ab un cadre de consultation et de travail en commun \u00bb. Elle regroupe quatre formations : le Parti d\u00e9mocrate progressiste (PDP), pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 par Me Mohamed N\u00e9jib Chebbi, fond\u00e9 en 1988 ; le Mouvement des d\u00e9mocrates socialistes (MDS, tendance Mohamed Moada, en rupture avec la formation m\u00e8re depuis 1996) ; le Forum d\u00e9mocratique pour le travail et la libert\u00e9 (FDTL), cr\u00e9\u00e9 en 1994 par le Dr Mustapha Ben Jaafar ; et le Congr\u00e8s pour la R\u00e9publique (CR), fond\u00e9 en ao\u00fbt dernier par le Dr Moncef Marzouki, ancien pr\u00e9sident de la Ligue tunisienne des droits de l’homme (LTDH).<\/p>\n
De ces quatre formations, toutes dirig\u00e9es par des figures de proue de l’opposition de gauche, seul le PDP a une existence l\u00e9gale, dispose de locaux \u00e0 travers le pays et d’un journal bihebdomadaire en langue arabe Al-Mawkif. Quant au FDTL, qui a d\u00e9pos\u00e9, en novembre, aupr\u00e8s des services concern\u00e9s du minist\u00e8re de l’Int\u00e9rieur une nouvelle demande de l\u00e9galisation, il demeure, au regard des autorit\u00e9s, un \u00ab parti ill\u00e9gal \u00bb. <\/p>\n
Pourquoi cette Coordination ? R\u00e9ponse de l’un de ses membres, le Dr Ben Jaafar : \u00ab L’id\u00e9e est partie de deux interrogations fondamentales : pourquoi les forces de l’opposition d\u00e9mocratiques sont-elles dispers\u00e9es ? Que faire pour les rassembler ? La Coordination est n\u00e9e pour r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 ce besoin de r\u00e9unification. Elle est appel\u00e9e \u00e0 devenir, \u00e0 terme, une v\u00e9ritable alliance \u00bb, avec, pour objectif, de \u00ab mobiliser les forces d\u00e9mocratiques et resserrer ses rangs en vue des \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielle et l\u00e9gislatives de 2004 \u00bb.<\/p>\n
Pour aider \u00e0 la mise en place des conditions d’\u00e9lections \u00ab libres et sinc\u00e8res \u00bb en 2004, la Coordination oeuvre, selon ses initiateurs, \u00e0 concr\u00e9tiser des r\u00e9formes constitutionnelles garantissant \u00ab les droits de l’homme et les libert\u00e9s publiques et priv\u00e9es, ainsi que l’\u00e9quilibre des pouvoirs, l’ind\u00e9pendance de la justice et la libert\u00e9 de se pr\u00e9senter aux diverses responsabilit\u00e9s de l’\u00c9tat et des structures repr\u00e9sentatives \u00bb. Elle oeuvre \u00e9galement \u00e0 \u00ab la mise en place des conditions de l’alternance pacifique au pouvoir \u00bb (r\u00e9forme des lois r\u00e9gissant la presse, la cr\u00e9ation des partis et associations, modification de la loi \u00e9lectorale, s\u00e9paration entre l’\u00c9tat et le parti au pouvoir, neutralit\u00e9 de l’administration, etc.). Cela implique, selon ses membres, le respect de l’article 39 de la Constitution, interdisant au pr\u00e9sident en exercice de briguer plus de trois mandats cons\u00e9cutifs. La Coordination oeuvre enfin pour la promulgation d’une loi d’amnistie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, \u00ab pr\u00e9alable \u00e0 l’assainissement du climat politique et \u00e0 l’encouragement des citoyens s\u00e9curis\u00e9s \u00e0 participer \u00e0 la vie publique \u00bb.<\/p>\n
Pourquoi la Coordination est-elle limit\u00e9e \u00e0 quatre formations ? \u00ab L’objectif n’est pas de r\u00e9aliser un front national regroupant tous les mouvements d’opposition, mais une alliance d\u00e9mocratique porteuse d’un projet alternatif. La cr\u00e9ation d’un front pourrait d\u00e9boucher, par ailleurs, sur une bipolarisation de la vie politique que nous cherchons tous \u00e0 \u00e9viter \u00bb, explique le Dr Ben Jaafar. Qui s’empresse d’ajouter : \u00ab Th\u00e9oriquement, la porte est ouverte \u00e0 toutes les sensibilit\u00e9s qui acceptent la r\u00e8gle d\u00e9mocratique. Mais nous nous sommes limit\u00e9s, au d\u00e9part, aux partis qui sont d’accord sur les points essentiels de notre programme. C’est le meilleur moyen pour m\u00e9nager les \u00e9tapes, donner \u00e0 l’alliance toutes les chances de se consolider et \u00e9viter qu’elle ne vole en \u00e9clats \u00e0 la premi\u00e8re temp\u00eate. \u00bb <\/p>\n
Pourquoi les islamistes ont-ils \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9cart\u00e9s d’embl\u00e9e de ce m\u00e9canisme de concertation ? \u00ab L’entr\u00e9e des islamistes en tant que parti politique pourrait provoquer des divergences et refroidir l’enthousiasme de certaines forces qui sont aujourd’hui tent\u00e9es de nous rejoindre \u00bb, r\u00e9pond le Dr Ben Jaafar. Quelles sont ces forces ? <\/p>\n
Le pr\u00e9sident du FDTL cite le parti Ettajdid, pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 par Mohamed Harmel, ancien leader du Parti communiste tunisien (PCT). Depuis son congr\u00e8s constitutif, organis\u00e9 il y a quelques mois, ce parti cherche \u00e0 se repositionner dans le paysage politique. Ses militants semblent avoir compris que l’attitude de \u00ab soutien (mollement) critique \u00bb qu’ils ont observ\u00e9e jusque-l\u00e0 n’a profit\u00e9 qu’au parti au pouvoir, le Rassemblement constitutionnel d\u00e9mocratique (RCD). En prenant des positions de plus en plus critiques \u00e0 l’\u00e9gard de celui-ci et en adoptant certaines revendications de l’opposition d\u00e9mocratique (telle que la promulgation d’une loi d’amnistie g\u00e9n\u00e9rale), ils marquent, \u00e0 leur fa\u00e7on, une distance vis-\u00e0-vis de la \u00ab d\u00e9mocratie consensuelle \u00bb, pr\u00e9conis\u00e9e par le RCD et ceux de l’opposition dite \u00ab l\u00e9gale \u00bb. Le rapprochement actuellement en cours entre Ettajdid et le PDP, qui sera officialis\u00e9, incessamment, par la r\u00e9union de leurs secr\u00e9taires g\u00e9n\u00e9raux et la publication d’un communiqu\u00e9 commun, pourrait aboutir, \u00e0 terme, \u00e0 l’int\u00e9gration d’Ettajdid au sein de ladite Coordination. Quant au Parti ouvrier communiste tunisien (Poct), de Hamma Hammami, qui est tent\u00e9, lui aussi, de rejoindre celle-ci, il se contente, pour le moment, d’observer le d\u00e9veloppement de l’initiative et de jauger sa solidit\u00e9. <\/p>\n
\u00c9chaud\u00e9s par l’\u00e9chec des tentatives ant\u00e9rieures d’alliance entre les partis de l’opposition, certains militants donnent peu de chances de succ\u00e8s \u00e0 cette Coordination. \u00ab Des querelles d’hommes et de leadership ne tarderont pas \u00e0 \u00e9clater \u00bb, disent-ils, sceptiques. D’autres estiment que les partis de l’opposition ont tir\u00e9 les le\u00e7ons de leurs \u00e9checs pass\u00e9s. \u00ab Ils savent que le temps ne joue plus en leur faveur et qu’ils sont condamn\u00e9s \u00e0 se rassembler pour esp\u00e9rer peser d’un r\u00e9el poids face au parti au pouvoir \u00bb, explique le Dr Ben Jaafar. <\/p>\n
La Coordination a tenu sa premi\u00e8re r\u00e9union le 30 novembre. Elle a rendu public, \u00e0 cette occasion, un communiqu\u00e9 o\u00f9 elle rel\u00e8ve avec satisfaction l’arr\u00eat de toutes poursuites engag\u00e9es contre le Dr Ben Jaafar et la lev\u00e9e de l’interdiction de voyager frappant son coll\u00e8gue le Dr Marzouki, tout en appelant \u00e0 la lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Moada, ex-secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du MDS, d\u00e9tenu depuis le 19 juin dernier et dont l’\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 ne cesse de se d\u00e9t\u00e9riorer.<\/p>\n
Jeune Afrique\/L’intelligent n\u00b0 2136 du 18 au 24 D\u00e9cembre 2001.<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n
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Robert Fisk:<\/font> <\/strong><\/font><\/div>\n
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We are the war criminals now<\/strong><\/font><\/h5>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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‘Everything we have believed in since the Second World War goes by the board as we pursue our own exclusive war’<\/font><\/p>\n
29 November 2001<\/font><\/h5>\n
We are becoming war criminals in Afghanistan. The US Air Force bombs Mazar-i-Sharif for the Northern Alliance, and our heroic Afghan allies \u2013 who slaughtered 50,000 people in Kabul between 1992 and 1996 \u2013 move into the city and execute up to 300 Taliban fighters. The report is a footnote on the television satellite channels, a \u00ab\u00a0nib\u00a0\u00bb in journalistic parlance. Perfectly normal, it seems. The Afghans have a \u00ab\u00a0tradition\u00a0\u00bb of revenge. So, with the strategic assistance of the USAF, a war crime is committed.<\/p>\n
Now we have the Mazar-i-Sharif prison \u00ab\u00a0revolt\u00a0\u00bb, in which Taliban inmates opened fire on their Alliance jailers. US Special Forces \u2013 and, it has emerged, British troops \u2013 helped the Alliance to overcome the uprising and, sure enough, CNN tells us some prisoners were \u00ab\u00a0executed\u00a0\u00bb trying to escape. It is an atrocity. British troops are now stained with war crimes. Within days, The Independent<\/i>‘s Justin Huggler has found more executed Taliban members in Kunduz.<\/p>\n
The Americans have even less excuse for this massacre. For the US Secretary of Defence, Donald Rumsfeld, stated quite specifically during the siege of the city that US air raids on the Taliban defenders would stop \u00ab\u00a0if the Northern Alliance requested it\u00a0\u00bb. Leaving aside the revelation that the thugs and murderers of the Northern Alliance were now acting as air controllers to the USAF in its battle with the thugs and murderers of the Taliban, Mr Rumsfeld’s incriminating remark places Washington in the witness box of any war-crimes trial over Kunduz. The US were acting in full military co-operation with the Northern Alliance militia.<\/p>\n
Most television journalists, to their shame, have shown little or no interest in these disgraceful crimes. Cosying up to the Northern Alliance, chatting to the American troops, most have done little more than mention the war crimes against prisoners in the midst of their reports. What on earth has gone wrong with our moral compass since 11 September?<\/p>\n
Perhaps I can suggest an answer. After both the First and Second World Wars, we \u2013 the \u00ab\u00a0West\u00a0\u00bb \u2013 grew a forest of legislation to prevent further war crimes. The very first Anglo-French-Russian attempt to formulate such laws was provoked by the Armenian Holocaust at the hands of the Turks in 1915; The Entente said it would hold personally responsible \u00ab\u00a0all members of the (Turkish) Ottoman government and those of their agents who are implicated in such massacres\u00a0\u00bb<\/i>. After the Jewish Holocaust and the collapse of Germany in 1945, article 6 (C) of the Nuremberg Charter and the Preamble of the UN Convention on genocide referred to \u00ab\u00a0crimes against humanity\u00a0\u00bb. Each new post-1945 war produced a raft of legislation and the creation of evermore human rights groups to lobby the world on liberal, humanistic Western values.<\/p>\n
Over the past 50 years, we sat on our moral pedestal and lectured the Chinese and the Soviets, the Arabs and the Africans, about human rights. We pronounced on the human-rights crimes of Bosnians and Croatians and Serbs. We put many of them in the dock, just as we did the Nazis at Nuremberg. Thousands of dossiers were produced, describing \u2013 in nauseous detail \u2013 the secret courts and death squads and torture and extra judicial executions carried out by rogue states and pathological dictators. Quite right too.<\/p>\n
Yet suddenly, after 11 September, we went mad. We bombed Afghan villages into rubble, along with their inhabitants \u2013 blaming the insane Taliban and Osama bin Laden for our slaughter \u2013 and now we have allowed our gruesome militia allies to execute their prisoners. President George Bush has signed into law a set of secret military courts to try and then liquidate anyone believed to be a \u00ab\u00a0terrorist murderer\u00a0\u00bb in the eyes of America’s awesomely inefficient intelligence services. And make no mistake about it, we are talking here about legally sanctioned American government death squads. They have been created, of course, so that Osama bin Laden and his men should they be caught rather than killed, will have no public defence; just a pseudo trial and a firing squad.<\/p>\n
It’s quite clear what has happened. When people with yellow or black or brownish skin, with Communist or Islamic or Nationalist credentials, murder their prisoners or carpet bomb villages to kill their enemies or set up death squad courts, they must be condemned by the United States, the European Union, the United Nations and the \u00ab\u00a0civilised\u00a0\u00bb world. We are the masters of human rights, the Liberals, the great and good who can preach to the impoverished masses. But when our<\/i> people are murdered \u2013 when our glittering buildings are destroyed \u2013 then we tear up every piece of human rights legislation, send off the B-52s in the direction of the impoverished masses and set out to murder our enemies.<\/p>\n
Winston Churchill took the Bush view of his enemies. In 1945, he preferred the straightforward execution of the Nazi leadership. Yet despite the fact that Hitler’s monsters were responsible for at least 50 million deaths \u2013 10,000 times greater than the victims of 11 September \u2013 the Nazi murderers were given a trial at Nuremberg because US President Truman made a remarkable decision. \u00ab\u00a0Undiscriminating executions or punishments,\u00a0\u00bb he said, \u00ab\u00a0without definite findings of guilt fairly arrived at, would not fit easily on the American conscience or be remembered by our children with pride.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n
No one should be surprised that Mr Bush \u2013 a small-time Texas Governor-Executioner \u2013 should fail to understand the morality of a statesman in the Whitehouse. What is so shocking is that the Blairs, Schr\u00f6ders, Chiracs and all the television boys should have remained so gutlessly silent in the face of the Afghan executions and East European-style legislation sanctified since 11 September.<\/p>\n
There are ghostly shadows around to remind us of the consequences of state murder. In France, a general goes on trial after admitting to torture and murder in the 1954-62 Algerian war, because he referred to his deeds as \u00ab\u00a0justifiable acts of duty performed without pleasure or remorse\u00a0\u00bb. And in Brussels, a judge will decide if the Israeli Prime Minister, Arial Sharon, can be prosecuted for his \u00ab\u00a0personal responsibility\u00a0\u00bb for the 1982 massacre in Sabra and Chatila.<\/p>\n
Yes, I know the Taliban were a cruel bunch of bastards. They committed most of their massacres outside Mazar-i-Sharif in the late 1990s. They executed women in the Kabul football stadium. And yes, lets remember that 11 September was a crime against humanity.<\/p>\n
But I have a problem with all this. George Bush says that \u00ab\u00a0you are either for us or against us\u00a0\u00bb in the war for civilisation against evil. Well, I’m sure not for bin Laden. But I’m not for Bush. I’m actively against the brutal, cynical, lying \u00ab\u00a0war of civilisation\u00a0\u00bb that he has begun so mendaciously in our name and which has now cost as many lives as the World Trade Centre mass murder.<\/p>\n
At this moment, I can’t help remembering my dad. He was old enough to have fought in the First World War. In the third Battle of Arras. And as great age overwhelmed him near the end of the century, he raged against the waste and murder of the 1914-1918 war. When he died in 1992, I inherited the campaign medal of which he was once so proud, proof that he had survived a war he had come to hate and loathe and despise. On the back, it says: \u00ab\u00a0The Great War for Civilisation.\u00a0\u00bb Maybe I should send it to George Bush. <\/p>\n
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Source: independent.co.uk<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n
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Rectificatif<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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…J’ai voulou attir\u00e9 \u00a0votre attention\u00a0\u00e0 une erreur d’inattention un peu grave qui s’est\u00a0gliss\u00e9e dans le num\u00e9ro 578\u00a0de TUNISNEWS du17\/12\/2001\u00a0<\/font>partie arabe en l’un des titres. <\/p>\n
le d\u00e9ficit commercial de la tunisie pour cette ann\u00e9e n’est pas de 350 dinars seulement mes de 3516<\/strong><\/font><\/h5>\n
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millions de dinars<\/strong><\/font><\/h5>\n
d’apr\u00e8s les chiffres officiels, avec une augmentation\u00a0dans le montant\u00a0du d\u00e9ficit de la m\u00eame periode de l’ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re <\/font>de 350 millions de dinars…<\/font><\/div>\n
Salah Karker<\/strong><\/font><\/div>\n
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Accueil \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 TUNISNEWS Nr\u00a0579 du 18\/12\/2001 Consulter les messages pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents ici \u00a0 LES TITRES DE CE JOUR: A.P: Projet de loi sur le terrorisme en Tunisie Moadh Keriji: R\u00e9ponse \u00e0 l\u00b4article \u00e9crit par Susan Sachs dans le \u00ab\u00a0New-York Times\u00a0\u00bb New York Times: Dans une terre musulmane, un effort d’imposer des le\u00e7ons de tol\u00e9rance […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":22040,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[64,32,30,29],"class_list":["post-21018","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-64","tag-32","tag-ar","tag-fr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21018","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21018"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21018\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22040"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21018"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21018"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21018"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}