{"id":20908,"date":"2005-04-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2005-04-28T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/28-avril-2005\/"},"modified":"2005-04-28T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2005-04-28T00:00:00","slug":"28-avril-2005","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/28-avril-2005\/","title":{"rendered":"28 avril 2005"},"content":{"rendered":"

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TUNISNEWS<\/strong><\/span><\/span> <\/font> <\/font> <\/div>\n

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5 \u00e8me\u00a0ann\u00e9e, N\u00b0 178<\/span><\/strong><\/font>4<\/span> du <\/span>28<\/span>.04.2005<\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/div>\n
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Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res : Hamadi Jebali met un terme \u00e0 sa gr\u00e8ve de la faim<\/strong><\/div>\n
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Amnistie internationale: Tunisie – Le proc\u00e8s d\u2019un avocat soul\u00e8ve de graves inqui\u00e9tudes concernant la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression <\/font> AP: Tunisie: d\u00e9but mouvement\u00e9 du proc\u00e8s de l’avocat Mohamed Abou<\/font> Le Barreau de la Su\u00e8de suit l\u00b4affaire de Ma\u00eetre Mohamed Abbou Tribune de Gen\u00e9ve: Mobilisation internationale pour un avocat tunisien incarc\u00e9r\u00e9<\/font> AFP: La Tunisie a sign\u00e9 un accord avec le CICR pour le contr\u00f4le de ses prisons ATS: Accord entre le CICR et la Tunisie L’institution pourra visiter tous les d\u00e9tenus<\/font> Reuters: Tunisie – L’opposition d\u00e9nonce une campagne d’intimidation AFP: Municipales: une coalition d’opposition d\u00e9nonce son exclusion, le pouvoir d\u00e9ment<\/font> Reuters: Tunisia opposition says poll candidates barred AFP: D\u00e9but des entretiens du secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’Otan \u00e0 Tunis<\/font> RFI: Une \u00ab fili\u00e8re irakienne \u00bb d\u00e9mantel\u00e9e Luiza Toscane : Bienvenue, Raja !<\/font> Nour el hoda: Lettre ouverte \u00e0 une tunisi\u00e8nne n\u00e9e sous la dictature Le R\u00e9seau Voltaire: La CIA \u00e0 visage humain<\/font><\/div>\n

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Pour afficher les caract\u00e8res arabes\u00a0<\/font> suivre la d\u00e9marche suivante<\/font> : Affichage<\/font> \/ Codage<\/font> \/ Arabe ( Windows )<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

To read arabic<\/font> text click on the View<\/font>\u00a0then Encoding <\/font>then <\/font> Arabic (Windows).<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0647 : \u00ab\u00a0<\/span>\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u00a0 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0631<\/u><\/font><\/span>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/font><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1981 . \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 1982 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629<\/span>.<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1984 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649<\/span>.<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1987 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u062c<\/span>.<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span>.<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
<\/p>\n

TUNISIE<\/font><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Hamadi Jebali met un terme \u00e0 sa gr\u00e8ve de la faim<\/span><\/font><\/h3>\n<\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res prend acte du transfert, le 22 avril 2005, d’Hamadi Jebali \u00e0 la prison de Mahdia et exprime son soulagement apr\u00e8s l’arr\u00eat de sa gr\u00e8ve de la faim trois jours plus tard. \u00ab\u00a0Nous avons pris connaissance du transfert d’Hamadi Jebali et de l’am\u00e9lioration de ses conditions d’incarc\u00e9ration, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res. Cependant, la seule issue r\u00e9ellement satisfaisante serait, comme nous l’avons toujours demand\u00e9e, la lib\u00e9ration sans condition du journaliste.\u00a0\u00bb Jointe au t\u00e9l\u00e9phone par l’organisation, l’\u00e9pouse d’Hamadi Jebali a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que lors de sa derni\u00e8re visite \u00e0 la prison de Sfax, le 23 avril, les gardes lui avaient signifi\u00e9 le transfert de son mari \u00e0 Mahdia la veille. Mme Jebali s’est dite rassur\u00e9e de ce changement. En effet, le journaliste qui a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de mettre un terme \u00e0 sa gr\u00e8ve de la faim le 25 avril, n’est plus d\u00e9tenu \u00e0 l’isolement. Mahdia est situ\u00e9e \u00e0 60 km de Sousse o\u00f9 r\u00e9side la famille du journaliste. \u00a0 <\/b><\/span> 14 avril 2005 – Hamadi Jebali a entam\u00e9 une nouvelle gr\u00e8ve de la faim en prison <\/span> <\/span><\/b> Hamadi Jebali, directeur de l’hebdomadaire Al Fajr<\/i>, incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 depuis 1991, a entam\u00e9 une nouvelle gr\u00e8ve de la faim, le 9 avril 2005. \u00ab\u00a0Nous sommes inquiets pour l’\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 de Hamadi Jebali qui s’affaiblit un peu plus \u00e0 chaque gr\u00e8ve de la faim, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res. Il est anormal qu’il n’ait pas acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la nourriture que sa femme lui apporte. Nous r\u00e9it\u00e9rons notre demande au pr\u00e9sident Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali : la lib\u00e9ration inconditionnelle et imm\u00e9diate de ce journaliste.\u00a0\u00bb Son \u00e9pouse, Wahida Jebali, habitant \u00e0 250 km de Sfax, ne peut se rendre \u00e0 la prison qu’une fois par mois. Etant donn\u00e9 les probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 du journaliste, le m\u00e9decin avait recommand\u00e9 un r\u00e9gime alimentaire sp\u00e9cial qu’il arrivait \u00e0 suivre approximativement gr\u00e2ce aux visites de Mme Jebali. Le mois dernier, les gardiens ont refus\u00e9 de transmettre \u00e0 son mari la nourriture qu’elle lui avait apport\u00e9e. Mme Jebali, tr\u00e8s inqui\u00e8te, revendique le droit \u00e0 une visite m\u00e9dicale. Elle r\u00e9it\u00e9rera sa demande lors de sa prochaine visite, le 16 avril. Hamadi Jebali, directeur de l’hebdomadaire Al Fajr<\/i>, organe du mouvement islamiste An Nahda, est d\u00e9tenu, depuis 1991, dans une cellule individuelle. Incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 la prison de Sfax o\u00f9 il avait \u00e9t\u00e9 transf\u00e9r\u00e9 en 2000, il devrait \u00eatre lib\u00e9r\u00e9 en 2007. <\/span> Rappel des faits <\/span> <\/span><\/b> Arr\u00eat\u00e9 le 31 janvier 1991, Hamadi Jebali a \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9, le m\u00eame jour, \u00e0 un an de prison pour \u00ab\u00a0diffamation\u00a0\u00bb apr\u00e8s la publication d’un article de l’avocat Mohammed Nouri demandant la suppression des tribunaux militaires.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le 28 ao\u00fbt 1992, Hamadi Jebali a \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 seize ans de prison pour \u00ab\u00a0appartenance \u00e0 une organisation ill\u00e9gale\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0volont\u00e9 de changer la nature de l’Etat\u00a0\u00bb. Le proc\u00e8s s’est d\u00e9roul\u00e9 dans des conditions d\u00e9plorables au regard des standards internationaux.<\/span><\/p>\n

— <\/span><\/p>\n

Maghreb & Middle-East Desk <\/span><\/b> <\/span>Reporters Without Borders 5 rue Geoffroy-Marie\u00a0 F – 75009 Paris 33 1 44 83 84 84 33 1 45 23 11 51 (fax) <\/span> middle-east@rsf.org<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/span> www.rsf.org<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

Amnistie internationale<\/font><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Tunisie :<\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n

Le proc\u00e8s d\u2019un avocat soul\u00e8ve de graves inqui\u00e9tudes concernant la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression<\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

<\/b> <\/span> (04\/05)<\/span><\/p>\n

COMMUNIQU\u00c9 DE PRESSE<\/span><\/font><\/b> <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Amnistie internationale demande la remise en libert\u00e9 imm\u00e9diate et sans condition du Tunisien Mohammed Abbou, avocat et d\u00e9fenseur des droits humains, \u00e0 la veille de l\u2019audience du jeudi 28 avril. <\/font><\/span> <\/font><\/p>\n

Mohammed Abbou, avocat et membre du Conseil national pour les libert\u00e9s en Tunisie, compara\u00eet pour deux articles diffus\u00e9s sur Internet dans lesquels il critiquait le gouvernement tunisien. S\u2019il est d\u00e9clar\u00e9 coupable, il risque une peine pouvant aller jusqu\u2019\u00e0 quinze ann\u00e9es d\u2019emprisonnement. <\/font><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00ab Mohammed Abbou est jug\u00e9 uniquement pour avoir exerc\u00e9 son droit \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression ; il doit \u00eatre remis en libert\u00e9 imm\u00e9diatement, sans condition<\/span><\/i>, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Amnistie internationale. Sa mise en d\u00e9tention et son proc\u00e8s rappellent de fa\u00e7on pr\u00e9occupante que ceux qui critiquent le gouvernement risquent toujours l\u2019emprisonnement. <\/span><\/i>\u00bb <\/font><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Mohammed Abbou est d\u00e9tenu depuis le 1er mars 2005, en lien avec un article dans lequel il d\u00e9non\u00e7ait la torture en Tunisie, apr\u00e8s la vague d\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat suscit\u00e9 par les images des tortures pratiqu\u00e9es sur des prisonniers irakiens \u00e0 Abou Ghra\u00efb. L\u2019article avait \u00e9t\u00e9 diffus\u00e9 sur Internet le 26 ao\u00fbt 2004. Son arrestation pourrait \u00e9galement \u00eatre li\u00e9e \u00e0 un article plus r\u00e9cent, dans lequel il critiquait l\u2019invitation lanc\u00e9e par le gouvernement au Premier ministre isra\u00e9lien Ariel Sharon pour qu\u2019il assiste au Sommet des Nations unies sur la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019information qui doit se tenir en Tunisie en novembre 2005. <\/font><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Au cours de ces derni\u00e8res semaines, de tr\u00e8s nombreux avocats ont organis\u00e9 un sit-in \u00e0 la Maison de l\u2019avocat, situ\u00e9e en face du Palais de Justice de Tunis, pour demander la remise en libert\u00e9 de leur coll\u00e8gue et plus de respect et d\u2019ind\u00e9pendance pour leur profession. Apr\u00e8s les manifestations de grande envergure organis\u00e9es par les avocats tunisiens pour protester contre l\u2019interpellation et le placement en d\u00e9tention de Mohammed Abbou, celui-ci a \u00e9t\u00e9 transf\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 la prison d\u2019El-Kef, \u00e0<\/span> environ 200 kilom\u00e8tres de Tunis o\u00f9 il \u00e9tait d\u00e9tenu jusqu\u2019alors et o\u00f9 r\u00e9side sa famille. Ses avocats se seraient vus refuser l\u2019autorisation de lui rendre visite \u00e0 plusieurs reprises. <\/font><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00ab Il est grand temps que les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes prennent des mesures concr\u00e8tes visant \u00e0 lever les restrictions \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression. Dans l\u2019imm\u00e9diat, le gouvernement doit abroger toutes les lois pr\u00e9voyant des peines d\u2019emprisonnement pour l\u2019exercice pacifique du droit \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression car elles bafouent les normes internationales <\/span><\/i>\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Amnistie internationale. <\/font><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

L\u2019organisation renouvelle \u00e9galement son appel aux autorit\u00e9s pour qu\u2019elles mettent un terme \u00e0 la surveillance polici\u00e8re de d\u00e9fenseurs des droits humains et de leurs proches, manifestement con\u00e7ue comme une forme d\u2019intimidation. Le gouvernement tunisien doit, entre autres, lever les nombreuses restrictions \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression dans tous les m\u00e9dias, notamment l\u2019Internet, et permettre aux organisations ind\u00e9pendantes de d\u00e9fense des droits humains de fonctionner l\u00e9galement et librement. <\/font><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Compl\u00e9ment d\u2019information<\/span><\/font><\/b> <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Les d\u00e9fenseurs des droits humains et militants de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile continuent d\u2019agir sans protection aucune du gouvernement et sans la garantie de pouvoir poursuivre leurs activit\u00e9s sans ing\u00e9rence ni crainte de pers\u00e9cutions. Les personnes qui exercent leur droit \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression sont souvent harcel\u00e9es par les autorit\u00e9s et courent le risque de se retrouver inculp\u00e9es pour des infractions p\u00e9nales. L\u2019absence de tout progr\u00e8s en direction d\u2019une plus grande libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression est un sujet de pr\u00e9occupation, particuli\u00e8rement du fait que la Tunisie doit accueillir en novembre un Sommet mondial sur la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019information (SMSI), rencontre entre organisations intergouvernementales et de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile organis\u00e9e par les Nations unies. Ce sommet cherche \u00e0 promouvoir le respect des droits humains et la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression comme \u00e9l\u00e9ments fondamentaux pour la construction d\u2019une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019information dans laquelle l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019information, aux id\u00e9es et \u00e0 la connaissance sera garanti \u00e0 tous sans restrictions, partout dans le monde. <\/font> <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

Hina Jilani, repr\u00e9sentante sp\u00e9cial du secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des Nations unies pour les d\u00e9fenseurs des droits humains a demand\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs reprises \u00e0 pouvoir se rendre en Tunisie ; ses demandes n\u2019ont pas obtenu de r\u00e9ponse, sans doute en raison de ses critiques concernant l\u2019absence de protection des d\u00e9fenseurs des droits humains, formul\u00e9es dans un rapport de f\u00e9vrier 2002, apr\u00e8s une pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente visite. Elle avait \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque fait<\/span> part de ses vives inqui\u00e9tudes concernant le sort des d\u00e9fenseurs des droits humains. La situation n\u2019a pas connu d\u2019am\u00e9lioration notable depuis. En mars 2005, Hina Jilani a \u00e9t\u00e9 invit\u00e9e \u00e0 participer \u00e0 un s\u00e9minaire sur les m\u00e9canismes de protection des d\u00e9fenseurs des droits humains, organis\u00e9 par un groupe d\u2019ONG locales et internationales. Le retard pris par les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes pour lui accorder son visa l\u2019avait emp\u00each\u00e9 d\u2019assister \u00e0 la conf\u00e9rence. <\/font><\/span><\/font> <\/p>\n

Index AI : MDE 30\/006\/2005 <\/font> <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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Tunisie: d\u00e9but mouvement\u00e9 du proc\u00e8s de l’avocat Mohamed Abou<\/font><\/h3>\n

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Associated Press, le 28.04.2005 \u00e0 16h03<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

TUNIS (AP) — Le proc\u00e8s de l’avocat tunisien Mohamed Abou s’est ouvert jeudi dans une atmosph\u00e8re d’agitation et de contestation devant le tribunal de premi\u00e8re instance de Tunis.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le pr\u00e9venu est jug\u00e9 dans deux affaires distinctes, pour r\u00e9pondre de la \u00ab\u00a0publication d’\u00e9crits de nature \u00e0 troubler l’ordre public\u00a0\u00bb ainsi que pour \u00ab\u00a0outrage \u00e0 l’institution judiciaire\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ces chefs d’accusation ont \u00e9t\u00e9 retenus \u00e0 la suite de la publication de deux articles sur Internet, le premier comportant une critique virulente du pouvoir pour son invitation adress\u00e9e au premier ministre isra\u00e9lien Ariel Sharon pour le Sommet mondial sur la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l’information (SMSI), pr\u00e9vu en novembre prochain \u00e0 Tunis. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Le deuxi\u00e8me article pour sa part comparait les prisons tunisiennes \u00e0 celle d’Abou Ghra\u00efb en Irak, o\u00f9 des soldats am\u00e9ricains ont tortur\u00e9 et humili\u00e9 des prisonniers irakiens.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Avocats, observateurs \u00e9trangers et tunisiens et journalistes ont d\u00fb attendre plusieurs heures dans une salle archi-comble avant que le pr\u00e9sident de la cour Mehrez Hammani n’appelle le pr\u00e9venu.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Le d\u00e9but de l’audience a \u00e9t\u00e9 marqu\u00e9 par un incident \u00e0 l’entr\u00e9e de Me Abou dans la salle: les avocats pr\u00e9sents ont entonn\u00e9 l’hymne national, suscitant la r\u00e9action instantan\u00e9e des membres de la cour qui ont lev\u00e9 la s\u00e9ance.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Apr\u00e8s plus d’une heure de suspension, l’audience a repris dans un climat de palabres entre le pr\u00e9sident du tribunal et les avocats de la d\u00e9fense. Ces derniers ont contest\u00e9 l’option prise par le pr\u00e9sident de juger les deux affaires en m\u00eame temps, estimant qu’elles devaient \u00eatre dissoci\u00e9es et jug\u00e9es distinctement, n’ayant aucun lien entre elles.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Les avocats ont demand\u00e9 le report de l’affaire relative \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0l’agression\u00a0\u00bb pour organiser leur d\u00e9fense, et sugg\u00e9r\u00e9 d’entamer l’interrogatoire et les plaidoiries dans la seconde affaire. Le pr\u00e9sident du tribunal a donc suspendu une nouvelle fois la s\u00e9ance pour une d\u00e9lib\u00e9ration \u00e0 l’issue de laquelle il devra se prononcer sur ces demandes. D\u00e9cision accueillie par de vives protestations des avocats.<\/span><\/p>\n

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L’ouverture du proc\u00e8s au cours duquel Me Abou sera assist\u00e9 par plus de 800 de ses confr\u00e8res, avait lieu en pr\u00e9sence d’avocats des barreaux de Paris, Bruxelles et Amsterdam, d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s par les ONG internationales, ainsi que de repr\u00e9sentants d’associations tunisiennes de d\u00e9fense des droits de l’homme et de diplomates occidentaux accr\u00e9dit\u00e9s \u00e0 Tunis.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Associated Press<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Justice – Me Abbou avait s\u00e9v\u00e8rement critiqu\u00e9 les conditions carc\u00e9rales dans son pays. Son proc\u00e8s commence aujourd\u2019hui.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Mobilisation internationale pour un avocat tunisien incarc\u00e9r\u00e9<\/font><\/h3>\n

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\u00a0<\/span>Jean-No\u00ebl Cu\u00e9nod<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Les avocats tunisiens, mais aussi venant de Barreaux \u00e9trangers dont celui de Gen\u00e8ve, se mobilisent pour porter secours \u00e0 leur confr\u00e8re Me Mohamed Abbou. Il est incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 en Tunisie depuis le 1er mars dernier dans d’\u00e9tranges circonstances.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Son proc\u00e8s commence aujourd’hui devant un tribunal de Tunis. En signe de solidarit\u00e9, 815 (!) avocats se sont constitu\u00e9s pour le d\u00e9fendre.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Devant les juges, c’est \u00e9videmment un coll\u00e8ge plus restreint qui occupera le banc de la d\u00e9fense. Le b\u00e2tonnier de Tunis, Me Abdessattar Ben Moussa assistera \u00e0 ces d\u00e9bats, de m\u00eame que de nombreux confr\u00e8res \u00e9trangers. La section suisse d’Avocats sans fronti\u00e8re suit \u00e9galement cette affaire avec attention et s’est d’ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 engag\u00e9e en faveur de Me Abbou.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Selon l’association suisse V\u00e9rit\u00e9-Action qui d\u00e9fend la cause des droits de l’homme en Tunisie, Me Mohamed Abbou a \u00e9t\u00e9 captur\u00e9 par la police politique tunisienne dans des conditions ill\u00e9gales, m\u00eame en regard du droit p\u00e9nal tunisien. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 appr\u00e9hend\u00e9 alors qu’il venait de regagner son domicile priv\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La seule accusation qui, semble-t-il, a \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement port\u00e9e contre l’avocat, est contenue dans une commission rogatoire – dont nous d\u00e9tenons une copie traduite en fran\u00e7ais – sign\u00e9e par le juge d’instruction Faouzi Sassi.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Dans ce document, il est stipul\u00e9 que Me Abbou est suspect\u00e9 d’avoir commis divers d\u00e9lits de presse se rapportant \u00e0 un article de l’avocat diffus\u00e9 par Internet, article intitul\u00e9 Abou Gharib de l’Irak et Abou Gharib de Tunisie (il s’agit en fait de la prison d’Abou Ghra\u00efb en Irak).<\/span><\/p>\n

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Dans ce texte, Me Mohamed Abbou critique s\u00e9v\u00e8rement les conditions carc\u00e9rales en vigueur dans son pays. Il y dresse un parall\u00e8le entre les p\u00e9nitenciers de Tunisie et la prison irakienne d’Abou Ghra\u00efb au sein de laquelle des ge\u00f4liers am\u00e9ricains ont commis de graves s\u00e9vices contre des prisonniers de guerre irakiens.<\/span><\/p>\n

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L’avocat genevois Sharam Dini, secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de la section suisse d’Avocats sans fronti\u00e8re, suit ce dossier et soutient son confr\u00e8re tunisien:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00abIl est inadmissible d’incarc\u00e9rer un avocat qui n’a fait qu’user de son droit \u00e0 la libre __expression. Il est dans le r\u00f4le d’un d\u00e9fenseur de jeter un regard critique sur les institutions judiciaires et p\u00e9nitentiaires de son pays.\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

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Rep\u00e8res<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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– 26 ao\u00fbt 2004. Diffusion sur le site Internet \u00abTunisnews\u00bb de l’article de Me Mohamed Abbou sur les conditions carc\u00e9rales en Tunisie.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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– 28 f\u00e9vrier 2005. Sur ce m\u00eame site, un autre article de Me Abbou est diffus\u00e9. Il a pour titre \u00abBen Ali – Sharon\u00bb et dresse un parall\u00e8le entre le pr\u00e9sident tunisien et le premier ministre isra\u00e9lien.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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– 1er mars. Me Mohamed Abbou est arr\u00eat\u00e9 \u00e0 son domicile de Tunis vers 22 heures.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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– 2 mars. Plusieurs avocats s’inqui\u00e8tent de la disparition de leur confr\u00e8re. Deux hauts magistrats leur r\u00e9pondent qu’aucune poursuite n’est entam\u00e9e contre l’avocat. Dans l’apr\u00e8s-midi, le juge d’instruction Faouzi Sassi annonce l’enqu\u00eate contre Me Abbou. Ce dernier est d\u00e9tenu \u00e0 Tunis avant d’\u00eatre transf\u00e9r\u00e9 et isol\u00e9 \u00e0 la prison du Kef, situ\u00e9e \u00e0 170 kilom\u00e8tres de la capitale.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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– 2 mars, au soir. Environ 200 avocats se pressent au Palais de justice de Tunis pour y d\u00e9fendre leur confr\u00e8re. Des incidents \u00e9clatent avec des policiers en civil. L’Association des magistrats tunisiens lance un communiqu\u00e9 pour protester contre l’action polici\u00e8re envers les avocats.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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– 9 mars. Le Conseil de l’Ordre des avocats tunisiens demande \u00e0 ses membres de faire gr\u00e8ve. Selon cet organisme, 90% des avocats suivent ce mot d’ordre.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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-16 mars. 815 avocats se constituent pour d\u00e9fendre Me Abbou. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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(jnc)<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

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(Source: Tribune de Gen\u00e9ve, le 28 avril 2005)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Le Barreau de la Su\u00e8de suit l\u00b4affaire de Ma\u00eetre Mohamed Abbou<\/font><\/h4>\n

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Le journal \u00e9lectronique et le barreau de Su\u00e8de \u00e1 publi\u00e9 un article sur l\u00b4arrestation de Ma\u00eetre Mohammed Abbou apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9crit des articles sur l\u00b4Internet entre autre contre l\u00b4invitation de Sharon en Tunisie.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Plusieurs d\u00e9monstrations ont eu lieu en Tunisie et qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 interdit et matraqu\u00e9 par la police ce qui a r\u00e9sult\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs bless\u00e9s parmi eux des coll\u00e8gues avocats.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Les avocats membres du barreau de Tunisie ont fait la gr\u00e8ve pendant une journ\u00e9e au mois de mars contre l\u00b4agression de la police contre eux et pour demander la lib\u00e9ration de Maitre Abbou.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Amnesty international est tr\u00e8s inquiet de la situation en Tunisie et de la violence de la police contre les manifestants pacifiques.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Le membre du parlement su\u00e9dois Birgitta Ohlsson<\/b> a\u00a0 dans une interpellation au parlement demand\u00e9 au ministre des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res Leila Freivald, que pense faire le gouvernement pour que les droits de l\u00b4homme soit respect\u00e9es en Tunisie.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La ministre a r\u00e9pondu que le gouvernement suit de pr\u00e8s la situation en Tunisie et que le gouvernement va soulever ces questions avec les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes.<\/span><\/p>\n

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( traduction non agr\u00e9\u00e9e.)<\/span><\/p>\n

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2005-03-30<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Advokat f\u00e4ngslad i Tunisien<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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Tunisiskt polisv\u00e5ld oroar.<\/span><\/font><\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

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En advokat och f\u00f6rk\u00e4mpe f\u00f6r m\u00e4nskliga r\u00e4ttigheter i Tunisien, Mohammed Abbou, har f\u00e4ngslats. Han har kritiserat de tunisiska myndigheterna, bland annat f\u00f6r beslutet att bjuda in Israels premi\u00e4rminister Ariel Sharon till ett FN-m\u00f6te som Tunisien ska h\u00e5lla senare i \u00e5r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Flera demonstrationer har h\u00e5llits d\u00e4r man protesterat mot Sharons bes\u00f6k. Advokater har ocks\u00e5 demonstrerat mot att man f\u00e4ngslat kollegan Abbou. <\/span> I flera fall har den tunisiska polisen varit v\u00e5ldsam och misshandlat fredliga demonstranter, uppger nyhetsbyr\u00e5n Reuter. De flesta av Tunisiens Advokatsamfunds medlemmar strejkade under en dag i mars mot polisens \u00f6verv\u00e5ld. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Amnesty International \u00e4r oroade \u00f6ver det \u00f6kande v\u00e5ldet mot demonstranter i Tunisien.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Folkpartisten Birgitta Ohlsson fr\u00e5gade utrikesminister Laila Freivalds i Riksdagen vad som kommer att g\u00f6ras f\u00f6r att s\u00e4kerst\u00e4lla fr\u00e4mjandet av m\u00e4nskliga r\u00e4ttigheter i Tunisien. Laila Freivalds svarade att de f\u00f6ljer utvecklingen l\u00f6pande och har f\u00f6r avsikt att ta upp fr\u00e5gorna med de tunisiska myndigheterna. <\/span><\/p>\n

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(Source, Site et journal \u00e9lectronique\u00a0 du barreau de la Su\u00e8de:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.advokatsamfundet.se\/platform\/components\/news\/consume\/item.asp?nid=724<\/strong><\/a> )<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Tunisie Un avocat menac\u00e9 de prison ferme<\/font><\/h4>\n

<\/strong> Le proc\u00e8s de Mohamed Abbou, d\u00e9tenu depuis mars, s\u2019ouvre demain. \u00a0<\/p>\n

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C\u2019est demain jeudi 28 avril que s\u2019ouvre le proc\u00e8s de l\u2019avocat tunisien Mohamed Abbou, incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 sans jugement d\u00e9but mars dans une prison tunisienne. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 \u00e0 son domicile au lendemain de la publication d\u2019un texte sur un site Internet critiquant le pr\u00e9sident Ben Ali pour l\u2019invitation du premier ministre isra\u00e9lien Ariel Sharon au Sommet mondial sur la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019information en novembre prochain \u00e0 Tunis. Toutefois, dit-on \u00e0 Tunis, c\u2019est pour avoir compar\u00e9 dans un article publi\u00e9 le 25 ao\u00fbt 2004, les prisons tunisiennes au p\u00e9nitencier d\u2019Abou Ghraib (Irak) qu\u2019il est poursuivi. Or, entre la date de la parution de cet article et son incarc\u00e9ration, il y a prescription des faits, affirmait r\u00e9cemment dans les colonnes de l\u2019Humanit\u00e9 l\u2019avocate tunisienne Radhia Nasraoui. Ma\u00eetre Abbou compara\u00eet \u00e9galement pour \u00ab agression \u00bb sur une avocate. Une version que contestent Radhia Nasraoui et ses amis confr\u00e8res en la qualifiant d\u2019affaire \u00ab fabriqu\u00e9e \u00bb. Depuis son arrestation, les avocats tunisiens, qui se relaient par groupes de plusieurs dizaines, observent un sit-in permanent \u00e0 la Maison de l\u2019avocat de Tunis, situ\u00e9 en face du palais de justice. Le comit\u00e9 de d\u00e9fense de ma\u00eetre Abbou s\u2019est dit d\u00e9termin\u00e9 \u00e0 poursuivre le sit-in jusqu\u2019\u00e0 sa lib\u00e9ration. De plus, cette arrestation a cr\u00e9\u00e9 un tel mouvement de solidarit\u00e9 qu\u2019ils sont pr\u00e8s de 900 avocats \u00e0 s\u2019\u00eatre port\u00e9s volontaires pour d\u00e9fendre leur confr\u00e8re. Dans une d\u00e9claration \u00e0 l\u2019Humanit\u00e9, Daniel Voguet, avocat, qui assistera jeudi au proc\u00e8s, en tant qu\u2019observateur au nom de la Commission arabe des droits humains, qualifie cette affaire de \u00ab scandaleuse \u00bb. Pour lui, \u00ab \u00e0 partir du moment o\u00f9 on met des avocats en prison, on est dans un pays o\u00f9 la d\u00e9mocratie n\u2019existe pas. Ce qu\u2019on reproche \u00e0 ma\u00eetre Abbou ne sont rien que des propos de caract\u00e8re politique qui n\u2019outrepassent nullement le cadre normal de la pol\u00e9mique dans les pays d\u00e9mocratiques. Il ne s\u2019agit nullement de propos orduriers ou \u00e0 caract\u00e8re diffamatoire. Car l\u2019un des principes d\u2019un \u00c9tat d\u00e9mocratique, c\u2019est la parole libre \u00bb. H. Z. <\/div>\n
\u00a0(Source: L\u00b4Humanit\u00e9 du 27 avril 2005)<\/font><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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Accord entre le CICR et la Tunisie L’institution pourra visiter tous les d\u00e9tenus<\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

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ATS, le 28.04.2005 \u00e0 15h48<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Gen\u00e8ve (ats) <\/span><\/span> –<\/span><\/b> Les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes et le CICR ont sign\u00e9 un\u00a0 accord au terme duquel les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s pourront visiter r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement\u00a0 tous les lieux de d\u00e9tention en Tunisie, a annonc\u00e9 jeudi\u00a0 l’organisation. Les visites commenceront tr\u00e8s prochainement.<\/span><\/p>\n

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C’est la premi\u00e8re fois que les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s du Comit\u00e9 international\u00a0 de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) auront acc\u00e8s aux d\u00e9tenus en Tunisie, a\u00a0 pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 une porte-parole, Dorothea Krimitsas. Les visites auront\u00a0 lieu selon les proc\u00e9dures habituelles de l’institution \u00abdans tous\u00a0 les lieux de d\u00e9tention\u00bb, a-t-elle ajout\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La premi\u00e8re s\u00e9rie de visites doit avoir lieu tr\u00e8s rapidement, a-\u00a0 t-elle indiqu\u00e9. L’objectif des visites est d’\u00e9valuer les conditions\u00a0 de d\u00e9tention et le traitement r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux personnes priv\u00e9es de\u00a0 libert\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Les rapports faisant suite aux visites seront transmis aux\u00a0 seules autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes, indique l’organisation. Le CICR\u00a0 poss\u00e8de une d\u00e9l\u00e9gation r\u00e9gionale en Tunisie depuis 1984.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Les trois expatri\u00e9s pr\u00e9sents \u00e0 Tunis s’occupent aussi de la\u00a0 Mauritanie, de la Libye et du Maroc. Un accord de si\u00e8ge entre le\u00a0 CICR et l’Alg\u00e9rie a \u00e9t\u00e9 sign\u00e9 en 2003.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(Source\u00a0: www.romandie.com<\/span><\/a>, le 28 avril 2005)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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La Tunisie a sign\u00e9 un accord avec le CICR pour le contr\u00f4le de ses prisons<\/font><\/p>\n

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AFP, le 28 avril 2005 \u00e0 19h33<\/span><\/p>\n

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Les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes ont annonc\u00e9 jeudi la signature d’un accord autorisant le Comit\u00e9 International de la Croix Rouge (CIRC) \u00e0 visiter les prisons en Tunisie.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Cet accord \u00ab\u00a0relatif aux activit\u00e9s humanitaires du CICR en faveur des personnes priv\u00e9es de libert\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb a \u00e9t\u00e9 sign\u00e9 mardi dernier par Mohamed Ch\u00e9rif, Coordinateur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des droits de l’Homme, et Bernard Pfferferl\u00e9, D\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 r\u00e9gional du CICR, \u00e9crit le gouvernement dans un communiqu\u00e9 transmis jeudi \u00e0 l’AFP.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Il intervient un an apr\u00e8s l’annonce de la d\u00e9cision des autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes d’autoriser le CICR \u00e0 visiter les \u00e9tablissements p\u00e9nitentiaires en Tunisie, \u00ab\u00a0y compris les unit\u00e9s de d\u00e9tention provisoire et les lieux de garde \u00e0 vue\u00a0\u00bb, ajoute le document.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00ab\u00a0Les visites aux personnes priv\u00e9es de libert\u00e9, pr\u00e9cise le texte, auront un caract\u00e8re strictement humanitaire\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0devront permettre une \u00e9valuation objective par les d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9s du CICR des conditions de d\u00e9tention et de traitement des d\u00e9tenus en Tunisie\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

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L’accord \u00ab\u00a0illustre l’engagement continu de la Tunisie en faveur du respect des droits des personnes priv\u00e9es de libert\u00e9 et de l’am\u00e9lioration de leurs conditions de d\u00e9tention\u00a0\u00bb, conclut le document.<\/span><\/p>\n

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La Tunisie est l’objet de critiques sur les conditions carc\u00e9rales qualifi\u00e9es d’inhumaines par des organisations locales et internationales de d\u00e9fense des droits de l’Homme.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Le gouvernement s’est engag\u00e9 il y a une semaine \u00e0 mettre fin \u00e0 la pratique de l’isolement cellulaire prolong\u00e9 pour des dizaines de d\u00e9tenus politiques, d\u00e9nonc\u00e9e et r\u00e9clam\u00e9e, le jour m\u00eame, par l’organisation am\u00e9ricaine Human Rights Watch (HRW).<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ces d\u00e9tenus sont, pour la plupart, des islamistes condamn\u00e9s dans les ann\u00e9es 1990 pour appartenance au parti islamiste Ennhada, interdit et d\u00e9mantel\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

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L’annonce de l’accord avec le CICR intervient alors que s’ouvrait \u00e0 Tunis, le proc\u00e8s de l’avocat, Mohamed Abbou, jug\u00e9 pour r\u00e9bellion \u00e0 cause d’un article publi\u00e9 sur internet, o\u00f9 il comparait les p\u00e9nitenciers tunisiens \u00e0 la prison d’Abou Ghraib (Irak), objet de scandale pour les s\u00e9vices exerc\u00e9s par des soldats am\u00e9ricians sur des d\u00e9tenus irakiens.<\/span><\/p>\n

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TEXTE DU COMMUNIQUE\u00a0:<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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28<\/span>–<\/span>04<\/span>–<\/span>2005<\/span> Communiqu\u00e9 de presse 05\/23<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Le Comit\u00e9 international de la Croix-Rouge et les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes signent un accord autorisant le CICR \u00e0 visiter les personnes priv\u00e9es de libert\u00e9<\/font><\/p>\n

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Gen\u00e8ve (CICR) – Le 26 avril 2005, un accord relatif aux activit\u00e9s humanitaires du Comit\u00e9 international de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) en faveur des personnes priv\u00e9es de libert\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 sign\u00e9 entre les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes et le CICR. Cet accord est l’aboutissement d’un dialogue constructif entre les deux parties.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Aux termes de l\u2019accord, le CICR est autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 visiter r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement tous les lieux de d\u00e9tention en Tunisie, conform\u00e9ment aux proc\u00e9dures habituelles de l\u2019institution. <\/span><\/p>\n

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L\u2019objectif des visites est d\u2019\u00e9valuer les conditions de d\u00e9tention et le traitement r\u00e9serv\u00e9 aux personnes priv\u00e9es de libert\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Les rapports faisant suite aux visites seront transmis aux seules autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes et serviront de base au dialogue destin\u00e9 \u00e0 garantir aux personnes priv\u00e9es de libert\u00e9 des conditions de d\u00e9tention et un traitement respectueux de la dignit\u00e9 humaine.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Les visites d\u00e9buteront prochainement et seront organis\u00e9es par la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation r\u00e9gionale du CICR \u00e0 Tunis. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Informations compl\u00e9mentaires :<\/span><\/u><\/b><\/p>\n

Mohamed Ben Ahmed, CICR Tunis, t\u00e9l. : + 216 71 960 179 ou + 216 98 200 926<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Dorothea Krimitsas, CICR Gen\u00e8ve, t\u00e9l. : + 41 22 730 25 90 ou + 41 79 251 93 18<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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(Source\u00a0: le site officiel du CICR, le 28 avril 2005)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Lien web\u00a0: http:\/\/www.cicr.org\/Web\/fre\/sitefre0.nsf\/html\/6BVHN8!OpenDocument<\/a><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Tunisie – L’opposition d\u00e9nonce une campagne d’intimidation<\/font><\/h4>\n

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Reuters, le 27.04.2005 <\/span> \u00e0 <\/span> 23h52<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TUNIS, 27 avril (Reuters) – Les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes ont eu recours \u00e0 la menace ou \u00e0 la corruption, entre autres mesures exp\u00e9ditives, pour interdire \u00e0 200 candidats de l’opposition de se pr\u00e9senter aux \u00e9lections municipales du mois prochain, ont affirm\u00e9 mercredi leurs chefs de file lors d’une conf\u00e9rence de presse.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Une source proche du gouvernement a d\u00e9menti ces all\u00e9gations, expliquant que 26 listes avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9cart\u00e9es du scrutin pour des infractions au code \u00e9lectoral. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Cela illustre la d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de la situation politique en Tunisie\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9plor\u00e9 Nedjib Chebbi, l’un des chefs de file de la coalition form\u00e9e par sept partis d’opposition en vue des municipales. \u00ab\u00a0Cela montre que le despotisme et l’autoritarisme font obstacle \u00e0 toute ouverture\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il insist\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Les autorit\u00e9s ont offert 15.000 dinars (pr\u00e8s de 9.500 euros, ndlr) \u00e0 l’un de nos candidats pour qu’il renonce, mais il a refus\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb, a rench\u00e9ri Moustapha Hamed, militant de l’opposition, \u00e9voquant le cas d’un candidat de Rouhia, 120 km au sud-est de Tunis.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Ils ont enlev\u00e9 le candidat et l’on emp\u00each\u00e9 d’\u00eatre pr\u00e9sent lorsque nous avons d\u00e9pos\u00e9 la liste\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il poursuivi. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Les autorit\u00e9s utilisent toutes sortes de tactiques – menaces de licenciements pour nos candidats et interrogatoires de police – pour nous emp\u00eacher de compl\u00e9ter nos listes\u00a0\u00bb, a ajout\u00e9 Noureddine Falah, un habitant de Sfax, 230 km au sud de la capitale. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Le pr\u00e9sident tunisien Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali, au pouvoir depuis 17 ans, a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9\u00e9lu en octobre 2004 avec plus de 94% des suffrages dans des conditions jug\u00e9es in\u00e9quitables par l’opposition. <\/span> <\/p>\n

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Municipales: une coalition d’opposition d\u00e9nonce son exclusion, le pouvoir d\u00e9ment<\/font><\/p>\n

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AFP, le 27.04.2005 \u00e0 21h04<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TUNIS, 27 avr (AFP) – Une coalition de l’opposition en Tunisie a\u00a0 annonc\u00e9 le rejet de la totalit\u00e9 de ses listes de candidats \u00e0\u00a0 l’\u00e9lection municipale du 8 mai, d\u00e9non\u00e7ant un \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9veloppement\u00a0 politique d’une gravit\u00e9 sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent\u00a0\u00bb, au cours une conf\u00e9rence de\u00a0 presse mercredi \u00e0 Tunis. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les autorit\u00e9s ont, de leur c\u00f4t\u00e9, d\u00e9menti des \u00ab\u00a0all\u00e9gations\u00a0 irresponsables\u00a0\u00bb visant \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9former la v\u00e9rit\u00e9 et tromper l’opinion\u00a0 publique\u00a0\u00bb, dans un communiqu\u00e9 transmis \u00e0 l’AFP. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les chefs de trois partis l\u00e9gaux membres de la \u00ab\u00a0Coalition\u00a0 d\u00e9mocratique pour la citoyennet\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb ont accus\u00e9 le pouvoir d’avoir\u00a0 d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9ment priv\u00e9 leurs dix listes de candidats du r\u00e9c\u00e9piss\u00e9 exig\u00e9\u00a0 pour la participation au scrutin. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Des candidats d\u00e9bout\u00e9s ont fait \u00e9tat de pressions, menaces,\u00a0 falsification de signatures, tentatives de corruption pour \u00e9vincer\u00a0 leurs listes, certains affirmant avoir d\u00e9pos\u00e9 en vain des recours\u00a0 aupr\u00e8s des commissions de litige. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Ce d\u00e9veloppement sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent constitue un pourrissement\u00a0 (…) et traduit l’ampleur de l’impasse dans laquelle s’est\u00a0 fourvoy\u00e9e la vie politique\u00a0\u00bb en Tunisie, d\u00e9clare la coalition dans un\u00a0 communiqu\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Elle \u00e9l\u00e8ve \u00ab\u00a0une protestation \u00e9nergique\u00a0\u00bb et souligne la\u00a0 responsabilit\u00e9 du pouvoir \u00ab\u00a0dans le blocage de perspectives de\u00a0 changement d\u00e9mocratique par des moyens pacifiques\u00a0\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 De source officielle, on r\u00e9torque que les affirmations sur\u00a0 l’exclusion de la coalition d’opposition \u00ab\u00a0sont fausses et d\u00e9nu\u00e9es de\u00a0 tout fondement\u00a0\u00bb, leurs listes ayant \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9es pour \u00ab\u00a0diff\u00e9rents\u00a0 manquements \u00e0 la loi constat\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Outre le Rassemblement constitutionnel d\u00e9mocratique (RCD, au\u00a0 pouvoir), assur\u00e9 de remporter la majorit\u00e9 des si\u00e8ges, quatre partis\u00a0 d’opposition admis par le pouvoir sont en lice pour l’\u00e9lection de\u00a0 quelque 4.366 conseilleurs municipaux dans 265 circonscriptions. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

\n
Tunisia opposition says poll candidates barred<\/span><\/font><\/h5>\n<\/h5>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Reuters, le 27.04.2005 \u00e0 22h55<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TUNIS, April 27 (Reuters) – Tunisian authorities used threats, bribes or strong-arm tactics to prevent about 200 opposition candidates from taking part in municipal elections next month, opposition leaders said on Wednesday.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A government source denied the allegations and said 26 political lists had been barred from the May 8 local elections in the North African country because they had failed to comply with electoral law.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tunisia, a staunch U.S. ally where President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali was reelected last year to extend his 17 years in power in a poll the opposition said was a sham, has been criticised abroad for muzzling the press and restricting political life.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Opposition leaders told a news conference the estimated 200 candidates were blocked from next month’s vote by methods including threats to sack them from jobs in state-run firms, bribes and physical prevention of registration.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0That underlines the worsening of the political situation in Tunisia. It underscores that despotism and authoritarianism are blocking the way towards any openness,\u00a0\u00bb said Nejib Chebbi, one of the leaders of seven opposition groups that forged an alliance to field candidates for the municipal poll.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0The authorities offered 15,000 dinars ($12,116) to one of our candidates … to abandon our list but he refused,\u00a0\u00bb said Mustapha Hamed, an opposition activist and poll candidate, referring to a candidate in the town of Rouhia about 120 km (70 miles) southwest of Tunis.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0They kidnapped the (candidate) and prevented him from being present when we submitted the list,\u00a0\u00bb he added.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0The authorities used all sort of tactics — threats of job losses for our candidates and interrogations by police — to prevent us from completing our list,\u00a0\u00bb said Noureddine Falah, from the city of Sfax, 230 km (140 miles) south of Tunis.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A government source told Reuters: \u00ab\u00a0These (opposition) allegations are false and baseless\u00a0\u00bb, adding that the authorities in charge of the poll process were \u00ab\u00a0neutral and independent\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0It is worth mentioning that 26 lists of several political parties and independent candidates were not accepted because they failed to comply with legal conditions stipulated by the election law,\u00a0\u00bb he added.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thousands of candidates from the ruling Constitutional Democratic Rally party and small opposition groups will compete next month for the more than 4,000 municipal seats in 264 areas across the country.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The ruling Rally dominates parliament and the government and is expected to win most of the municipal seats.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Four small legal opposition parties are represented in the legislative body and local government but most opposition leaders dismiss them as too close to the government.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

D<\/span>\u00e9but des entretiens du secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’Otan \u00e0 Tunis<\/span><\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

AFP, le 28.04.2005 \u00e0 15h13<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

TUNIS, 28 avr (AFP) – Le secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’OTAN, Jaap de Hoop Scheffer s’est entretenu jeudi avec le ministre tunisien des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, Abdelbaki Hermassi, au d\u00e9but d’une courte visite en Tunisie, a-t-on appris de source officielle \u00e0 Tunis. <\/span><\/p>\n

M. de Hoop Scheffer a indiqu\u00e9 que l’entretien avait port\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0sur les questions ayant trait \u00e0 la paix et \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb, rapporte l’agence tunisienne TAP (officielle). <\/span><\/p>\n

Il a ajout\u00e9 que sa visite visait \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0renforcer les concertations entre l’OTAN et la Tunisie dans le contexte du Dialogue m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en\u00a0\u00bb institu\u00e9 en d\u00e9cembre 2004, saluant \u00ab\u00a0le r\u00f4le important\u00a0\u00bb jou\u00e9 par ce pays en faveur du dialogue m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les Alli\u00e9s appr\u00e9cient beaucoup les efforts de la Tunisie pour promouvoir la paix, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la coop\u00e9ration en M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il ajout\u00e9, rappelant qu’un \u00ab\u00a0volet important de la coop\u00e9ration dans le cadre de ce Dialogue touche aux domaines cl\u00e9s, tels que la lutte contre le terrorisme\u00a0\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

La Tunisie, l’Alg\u00e9rie, l’Egypte, Isra\u00ebl, la Jordanie, le Maroc et la Mauritanie coop\u00e8rent \u00e0 ce Dialogue ayant pour objectif de promouvoir la compr\u00e9hension et la confiance dans le bassin m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en. <\/span><\/p>\n

Le secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’Otan, devait s’entretenir avec le ministre de la D\u00e9fense, Hedi Mhenni, et rencontrer le pr\u00e9sident Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, et s’adresser \u00e0 la presse jeudi soir avant de regagner Bruxelles. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n
Une \u00ab fili\u00e8re irakienne \u00bb d\u00e9mantel\u00e9e<\/font><\/h5>\n

<\/span><\/h5>\n

Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique Misslin <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

La police fran\u00e7aise pense avoir d\u00e9mantel\u00e9 une fili\u00e8re d\u2019acheminement de combattants islamistes en Irak.<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Les policiers ont agi presque simultan\u00e9ment \u00e0 Paris et \u00e0 Marseille, dimanche soir et lundi. Ils ont interpell\u00e9 5 personnes au total, des islamistes pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s soup\u00e7onn\u00e9s d’\u00eatre impliqu\u00e9s dans ce qu’on appelle \u00ables fili\u00e8res irakiennes\u00bb. Tous ont \u00e9t\u00e9 plac\u00e9s en garde \u00e0 vue dans les locaux de la DST (Direction de la surveillance du territoire). A l’issue des quatre-vingt seize heures d’interrogatoire: ils seront soit lib\u00e9r\u00e9s, soit plus probablement pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s \u00e0 un juge en vue de leur mise en examen.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

L’op\u00e9ration conduite \u00e0 Paris semble la plus importante puisqu’elle a permis d’arr\u00eater un homme apparemment recherch\u00e9 depuis longtemps : Sa\u00efd al-Maghrebi. Les policiers pensent que ce Marocain de 39 ans incitait de jeunes musulmans \u00e0 partir combattre en Irak, via la Syrie. De source proche du dossier on indique que deux des personnes interpell\u00e9es en sa compagnie \u00e9taient justement sur le point de prendre la route de Bagdad lorsqu’elles ont \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9es. La DST serait donc intervenue en urgence pour stopper ce d\u00e9part.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Parall\u00e8lement, un autre coup de filet a eu lieu \u00e0 Marseille, sans lien semble-t-il avec les arrestations effectu\u00e9es \u00e0 Paris. Selon le journal Le Figaro, l’homme qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 serait membre d’un r\u00e9seau tunisien implant\u00e9 en Italie <\/span><\/b> et charg\u00e9 \u00e9galement d’envoyer en Irak des volontaires djihadistes.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Que sait-on sur Sa\u00efd el-Maghrebi ?<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Les policiers parlent d’un islamiste chevronn\u00e9 au pass\u00e9 actif. Ce Marocain, n\u00e9 \u00e0 Casablanca, est \u00e2g\u00e9 de 39 ans. Il aurait un parcours classique pour ce type de dossier : entra\u00eenement dans les camps d’al-Qa\u00efda en Afghanistan. De retour en Europe, l’homme s’organise et tente, sans succ\u00e8s, de rejoindre une autre terre de djihad : la Tch\u00e9tch\u00e9nie. Son voyage s’arr\u00eatera finalement en G\u00e9orgie.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

En 2002 Sa\u00efd al-Maghrebi aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 rep\u00e9r\u00e9 en Turquie, il se serait ensuite mobilis\u00e9 pour aller combattre en Irak. Son nom appara\u00eet dans d’autres affaires, d’autres fili\u00e8res au niveau europ\u00e9en. De sources polici\u00e8res on assure que cet homme connaissait deux membres du groupe M\u00e9liani (c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire de la \u00abcellule de Francfort\u00bb qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 jug\u00e9e en d\u00e9cembre dernier \u00e0 Paris). Il s’agissait du volet fran\u00e7ais du proc\u00e8s de la pr\u00e9paration de l’attentat de Strasbourg contre le march\u00e9 de No\u00ebl en 2000. Le chef de cette cellule avait \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 en Espagne puis extrad\u00e9 en France. Au cour des audiences, l’ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re, le tribunal avait \u00e9voqu\u00e9 l’existence en Italie et en France d’un r\u00e9seau d’envoi de volontaires en Irak via la Syrie.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Sa\u00efd al-Maghrebi pourrait aussi avoir un lien avec l’enqu\u00eate sur les fili\u00e8res tch\u00e9tch\u00e8nes. Sa\u00efd \u00able Magrebin\u00bb (ce n’est pas son vrai nom, il s’agit d’un alias) reste un myst\u00e8re puisque son identit\u00e9 r\u00e9elle n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e. En revanche, on sait qu’un certain Sa\u00efd Mansour du Groupe islamiste des combattants marocains utilise aussi ce pseudonyme (Le GICM est soup\u00e7onn\u00e9 d’\u00eatre impliqu\u00e9 dans les attentats de Madrid l’ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re et ceux de Casablanca en 2003). <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Est-ce la m\u00eame personne ou pas ? Pour l’instant, impossible de r\u00e9pondre.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

(Source\u00a0: le site de RFI, le 28 avril 2005)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Lien web:<\/span> http:\/\/www.rfi.fr\/actufr\/articles\/064\/article_35832.asp<\/a><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n\n

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\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0633 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

Ouerghemi@hotmail.fr<\/font><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/h6>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

bouxseur205@hotmail.com<\/span>\\<\/span><\/font><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 <\/font><\/span><\/h5>\n
<\/p>\n
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<\/span><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n
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<\/span><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645 (2) <\/font><\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645(3)<\/u> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0645 (4)<\/u><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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28\/4\/2005<\/font> <\/font> <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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<\/font><\/font> <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a (*) <\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

1- Alexis de Tocqueville, De la d\u00e9mocratie en Am\u00e9rique, 1835-1840<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

(*) \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 <\/font> <\/span><\/h6>\n

<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

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\u062f. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a (*) <\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641.\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 28 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 2005)<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
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<\/span><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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Take the tough decision and stick to it<\/span>.<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

(*) \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 28 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 2005) <\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n
Bienvenue, Raja !<\/font><\/h6>\n

<\/span><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

par Luiza Toscane <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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L\u2019h\u00e9morragie provoqu\u00e9e par la vague de r\u00e9pression d\u00e9clench\u00e9e au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es quatre-vingt-dix se prolonge : apr\u00e8s l\u2019exode massif des militants, sympathisants, ou pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s tels, du mouvement interdit de la Nahdha et du syndicat estudiantin dissous, l\u2019Union G\u00e9n\u00e9rale Tunisienne des Etudiants, qui ont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 jusque dans une p\u00e9riode tr\u00e8s r\u00e9cente l\u2019\u00e9crasante majorit\u00e9 des demandeurs d\u2019asile tunisiens en France et dans le monde, il y eut les demandes d\u00e9pos\u00e9s par les militants ou sympathisants du PCOT, de l\u2019UGET, de militants du Hezbollah ou de Hizb Et Tahrir, et de toute une myriade d\u2019\u00e9lectrons libres ayant sympathis\u00e9 avec la r\u00e9volution iranienne, ou d\u00e9croch\u00e9 des mouvements pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents, sans oublier les journalistes et \u00e9crivains ainsi que des membres de l\u2019appareil s\u00e9curitaire. La majorit\u00e9 de ces demandeurs d\u2019asile avaient la trentaine r\u00e9volue jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce qu\u2019une nouvelle vague de r\u00e9pression ne frappe \u00e0 nouveau au coeur de la jeunesse : arm\u00e9 seulement de ses vingt ans, Ayoub Sfaxi (1) est le plus jeune r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 tunisien \u00e0 ce jour en France.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Parmi ces milliers de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s statutaires \u00e9parpill\u00e9s de par le monde, les femmes ne constituaient qu\u2019une infime minorit\u00e9, renvoyant \u00e0 divers facteurs, notamment le machisme inh\u00e9rent aux formations politiques tunisiennes. Les femmes qui ont demand\u00e9, et obtenu l\u2019asile politique, ont fait \u00e9tat de pers\u00e9cutions subies en raison des activit\u00e9s d\u2019un proche parents, le plus souvent le conjoint. Se comptent sur les doigts celles qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 pers\u00e9cut\u00e9es au titre de leur propre activit\u00e9 (activit\u00e9 politique au sens traditionnel du terme, s\u2019entend). Raja Chamekh, militante de la gauche tunisienne, f\u00e9ministe, qui vient de demander et d\u2019obtenir le statut de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9e, est de celles-l\u00e0.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Militante de l\u2019UGET, du PCOT et de l\u2019Union de la Jeunesse Communiste, elle est arr\u00eat\u00e9e en ao\u00fbt 1996 et pendant cinq jours d\u2019affil\u00e9e, tortur\u00e9e, menac\u00e9e de viol, sous les ordres d\u2019Azzedine Jenayah, pour se voir au final lib\u00e9r\u00e9e par le juge d\u2019instruction. Apr\u00e8s sa lib\u00e9ration, Raja Chamekh va encha\u00eener sept ann\u00e9es d\u2019engagements divers et de pers\u00e9cutions incessantes. Elle va devoir prendre la clandestinit\u00e9 lors des arrestations de 1998 dans l\u2019extr\u00eame gauche.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Enceinte, elle assume son c\u00e9libat et sa maternit\u00e9 et s\u2019expose au harc\u00e8lement de la police politique, auxquelles fait \u00e9cho l\u2019incompr\u00e9hension, voire plus, de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9. Elle milite \u00e0 l\u2019Association Tunisienne des Femmes D\u00e9mocrates, \u00e0 la Ligue tunisienne des dipl\u00f4m\u00e9s chomeurs, se rapproche puis adh\u00e8re au Parti D\u00e9mocratique Progressiste, et appartient \u00e0 Amel, une association de m\u00e8res c\u00e9libataires. A plusieurs reprises, elle est arr\u00eat\u00e9e, frapp\u00e9e, insult\u00e9e (2), et m\u00eame kidnapp\u00e9e par la police politique en 2002, qui la questionne et l\u2019abandonne en pleine for\u00eat, \u00e0 la merci des violeurs (3). Le m\u00eame sc\u00e9nario se r\u00e9p\u00e9tera quelques mois plus tard : elle se retrouvera kidnapp\u00e9e avec son fils au centre ville de Tunis et abandonn\u00e9e \u00e0 cinquante kilom\u00e8tres de l\u00e0.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Raja Chamekh pense d\u00e9j\u00e0, car la police politique ne la laisse pas travailler, \u00e0 fuir le pays. Les derniers mois pass\u00e9s en Tunisie, elle les occupe \u00e0 fonder une nouvelle association \u00ab\u00a0Droit \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence\u00a0\u00bb. D\u00e8s qu\u2019elle et son enfant r\u00e9cup\u00e8rent le passeport dont ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 priv\u00e9s, elle s\u2019enfuit et d\u00e9pose en France une demande d\u2019asile en 2004, soit quelques mois apr\u00e8s la r\u00e9forme de la loi relative au droit d\u2019asile, dont un des objectifs affich\u00e9s \u00e9tait le raccourcissement des d\u00e9lais d\u2019instruction des dossiers. Elle est soutenue par Amnesty International et l\u2019ACAT. L\u2019officier de protection de l\u2019OFPRA qui la re\u00e7oit lui promet une r\u00e9ponse \u00ab\u00a0dans un mois\u00a0\u00bb. Raja Chamekh attendra six mois (4).<\/span><\/p>\n

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Elle les met \u00e0 profit pour participer \u00e0 la campagne d\u2019Amnesty International contre les violences faites aux femmes. Bienvenue Raja !<\/span><\/p>\n

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Luiza Toscane<\/font><\/span><\/h6>\n

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(1) Ayoub Sfaxi a \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9 par contumace \u00e0 dix-neuf ans et trois mois d\u2019emprisonnement dans l\u2019affaire dite des \u00ab\u00a0Internautes de Zarzis\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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(2) Se reporter au communiqu\u00e9 de l\u2019ATFD ; \u00ab\u00a0Lan nataraja\u2019 lan nakhdhaa\u00a0\u00bb, 1er avril 2002<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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(3) Association Tunisienne des Femmes D\u00e9mocrates, rissalat meftouha ila esseyid ouazir eddakhilia, 6 juillet 2002<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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(4) Se reporter au communiqu\u00e9 du CIDT : \u00ab\u00a0Raja Chamekh, victime de la barbarie de Ben Ali, se r\u00e9fugie en France et attend sa reconnaissance par l\u2019Ofpra de son statut de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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(Source\u00a0: <\/strong> www.reveiltunisien.org<\/strong><\/span><\/a>, le 27 avril 2005)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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LETTRE OUVERTE A UNE TUNISIENNE NEE SOUS LA DICTATURE<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Par\u00a0: Nour el hoda<\/font><\/span><\/h6>\n

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Tu es n\u00e9e sous la Dictature comme tous les tunisiens, y compris tes parents, aucun des tunisiens vivants aujourd\u2019hui, et le passage de t\u00e9moin entre la colonisation et les dictatures, aucun des tunisiens digne de ce nom, au pays ou en exil, n\u2019a connu le moindre souffle de libert\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Cette lamentable complainte et cet impuissant lamento de l\u2019agonie de tout un peuple qui nous chahutent sont les choses les mieux partag\u00e9s entre les tunisiens , avec le mutisme , l\u2019\u00e9go\u00efsme et la l\u00e2chet\u00e9.Le tout est de savoir aujourd\u2019hui s\u2019il faut continuer \u00e0 se plaindre , chercher encore et toujours des boucs \u00e9missaires \u00e0 notre condition , ou travailler pour s\u2019en sortir avec tout ce que cela comporte comme blessures , d\u00e9chirures et sacrifices , valoriser justement l\u2019abn\u00e9gation , l\u2019humiliation et le sacrifice qu\u2019ont accomplit nos parents pour que nous soyons l\u00e0 aujourd\u2019hui , et avoir ce privil\u00e8ge d\u2019avoir le choix d\u2019essayer de changer les choses ou de se soumettre \u00e0 l\u2019ordre \u00e9tablit , mais nous , on ne peut pas dire qu\u2019on ne savait pas ou que l\u2019on n\u2019avait pas les moyens de faire.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Pour nous aujourd\u2019hui le choix est simple .Il s\u2019agit d\u00e9sormais d\u2019accepter avec fatalisme les faits accomplis qui nous limitent en larmoyants dans leurs amers constats , ramper sous des abjurations liberticides instaur\u00e9s par un syst\u00e8me tyrannique et qu\u2019importe o\u00f9 il trouve sa source ,se limiter \u00e0 l\u2019analyse psychologique et sociologique et nourrir les th\u00e9ories fumeuses des r\u00e9actionnaires tunisiens du capharna\u00fcm, ou bien \u00eatre dans l\u2019action et le refus de l\u2019horreur . Il s\u2019agit de se r\u00e9signer \u00e0 un atavisme morbide et suicidaire ou tout simplement se bouger un peu pour esp\u00e9rer changer les choses. <\/span>d\u00e9sormais tout est \u00e9vident, tout est clair, tout est entre nos mains, nous pouvons \u00eatre les acteurs et les r\u00e9alisateurs de notre propre vie ou des figurants amorphes et des pions sans aucune importance. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Nous sommes les victimes expiratoires d\u2019une strat\u00e9gie et d\u2019une trag\u00e9die historique, cela est un fait et alors ? Nous ne sommes pas les seuls dans ce bas monde \u00e0 \u00eatre dans ce cas et avec un peu de volont\u00e9 on peut survivre \u00e0 cela et ressusciter de nos cendres. Nos parents comme nous , voire eux beaucoup plus que nous , eux n\u2019ont jamais eu l\u2019excuse de l\u2019universalit\u00e9 du genre , ni les moyens , ni les solidarit\u00e9s ni les connaissances que nous avons aujourd\u2019hui.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Eux sont des h\u00e9ros \u00e0 leur niveau quand on fait l\u2019inventaire et le constat de l\u2019\u00e9tat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des tunisiens et leur niveau de vie et des connaissances , quand on s\u2019arr\u00eate \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tat des r\u00e9sonances familiales , des convivialit\u00e9s , des solidarit\u00e9s , des mentalit\u00e9s et m\u00eame des infrastructures g\u00e9n\u00e9rales qu\u2019elles soient humaines ou mat\u00e9rielles , tous ces acquis ne sont pas le fruit de la colonisation ou des dictatures , ce sont nos parents et notre civilisation qui les ont impos\u00e9es , je dirais m\u00eame que sans les dictatures nous serons s\u00fbrement encore \u00e0 un plus haut niveau , ce ne sont ni les cerveaux ni le sens de l\u2019initiative qui manquent chez nous..<\/span><\/p>\n

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Eux ils ont toujours fait face \u00e0 une violence et \u00e0 un arbitraire autrement plus horrible que celui que nous vivons, et auquel ils ont fait face dans le mutisme et la peur, la peur qu\u2019il nous arrive quoique ce soit, \u00e0 nous la chaire de leur chaire, la peur de nous perdre et ainsi de se perdre , et de cela ben Ali et ses assassins savent tr\u00e8s bien en jouer. <\/span><\/p>\n

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L\u2019ego est tout simplement ton \u00e2me humaine con\u00e7u comme unit\u00e9 (ton \u00e2me humaine dont tu es la seule responsable), c\u2019est ta personnalit\u00e9 propre, ton \u00e9quilibre de vie, ton \u00e9quilibre propre entre les variations et les tendances \u00e9l\u00e9mentaires qui font le tout de l\u2019existence, le \u00ab \u00e7a \u00bb, et la censure sociale int\u00e9rioris\u00e9 par l\u2019individu le \u00ab surmoi \u00bb, il s\u2019agit d\u2019\u00eatre responsable et d\u2019assumer, pas de rester scotch\u00e9s aux vell\u00e9it\u00e9s des conjonctures et attendre un sauveur quelconque.\u00e7a ne marche pas , c\u2019est accepter sa condition d\u2019esclave en toute \u00ab libert\u00e9 \u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Si tu estimes que ton ego et ton surmoi ont \u00e9t\u00e9 menott\u00e9s , pour le cas d\u2019\u00e9cole psychologique et sociologique tunisien , il n\u2019est pas difficile vraiment de donner une r\u00e9alit\u00e9 ou un vrai visage \u00e0 ces menottes et \u00e0 ces cha\u00eenes , ce sont les m\u00eames d\u00e9viances qui oppriment les tunisiens depuis des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations et des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations , si tu ne veux pas que cela se perp\u00e9tue , que cet \u00e9tat de chose demeure, c\u2019est \u00e0 toi entre autres , avec les autres , de te soulever et de tirer les conclusions de cet arbitraire , toujours avec les autres , toute seule tu n\u2019arriveras \u00e0 rien , et de l\u2019abattre , dis toi bien que tes parents et autres anc\u00eatres en sont depuis toujours victimes et ce que toi tu subis c\u2019est de cause \u00e0 effet depuis toujours , dans la victimisation tu n\u2019as rien \u00e0 pr\u00e9tendre plus qu\u2019eux , ce ne sont pas eux les tyrans et les despotes , en r\u00e9sum\u00e9 , ils ne sont que les h\u00e9ritiers d\u2019une h\u00e9r\u00e9sie que notre l\u00e2chet\u00e9 et notre suffisance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale prodiguent. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Quand \u00e0 la tyrannie du p\u00e8re contre la m\u00e8re , de l\u2019homme contre la femme , c\u2019est strictement un combat universel \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du genre \u00e0 mener , le d\u00e9lire des femmes d\u00e9mocrates et de toute la r\u00e9action tunisienne fait de la peine \u00e0 voir , tellement il est orient\u00e9 et s\u00e9lectif. <\/span> Je dirais m\u00eame sans trop m\u2019avancer que l\u2019\u00e9tat psychique et psychologique de la famille et du couple tunisien n\u2019est ni meilleur ni pire qu\u2019ailleurs.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Quand \u00e0 la maltraitance conjugale les statistiques parlent d\u2019elle-m\u00eame , je crois sans trop me tromper que dans les couples affirm\u00e9s et enracin\u00e9s , la notion de famille \u00e9duqu\u00e9e , apais\u00e9e et sereine dans notre culture , notre histoire et notre foi est particuli\u00e8rement meilleure sous nos latitudes. <\/span><\/p>\n

La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 tunisienne est patriarcale avec tout ce que cela comporte de contraintes et de suj\u00e9tion , de d\u00e9fauts et de qualit\u00e9s , elle a su que l\u2019on veuille ou non progresser et s\u2019adapter \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9volution, certainement beaucoup mieux que d\u2019autres et peut dans certains cas \u00eatre cit\u00e9e en exemple et en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence , et cela gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019individu tunisien , pas \u00e0 autre chose.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Il ne s\u2019agit pas de tuer le p\u00e8re pour se lib\u00e9rer, la situation des familles et des femmes chez nous dans son intimit\u00e9 d\u00e9cal\u00e9e compl\u00e8tement du discours propagandiste de la dictature , heureusement d\u2019ailleurs , n\u2019est pas pire qu\u2019en occident et les d\u00e9rives f\u00e9ministes qui s\u2019ensuivent , dans \u00e9norm\u00e9ment des cas elle est m\u00eame affectivement meilleure ; ils ne s\u2019agit pas d\u2019imposer des r\u00e8gles de tol\u00e9rance et de respect \u00ab statuaires \u00bb ou l\u00e9gislatifs des comportements.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Cela peut et doit se faire par la lib\u00e9ration du citoyen tunisien , par l\u2019acquisition des droits civiques , par la parit\u00e9 , par des institutions \u00e9galitaires , par une sociale \u00ab JAURASIENNE \u00bbpar encore plus de connaissance et de savoir , il ne s\u2019agit pas de d\u00e9truire et de cr\u00e9er le vide , il s\u2019agit d\u2019instruire et de b\u00e2tir \u00e0 tous les niveaux une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 juste et \u00e9galitaire soumises aux lois et aux r\u00e8gles de droits , aux comp\u00e9tences et \u00e0 la valorisation des acquis , il ne s\u2019agit pas de fomenter une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019amazones contre le m\u00e2le , mais d\u2019instaurer une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de justice et d\u2019amour o\u00f9 l\u2019homme comme la femme auront les __m\u00eames droits__ et les m\u00eames devoirs , la parit\u00e9 en tout , cela n\u2019est pas possible sous une dictature qui par nature est machiste et liberticide. <\/span>C\u2019est bien de cela qu\u2019il s\u2019agit , c\u2019est bien d\u2019un combat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral pour la libert\u00e9 de tous les tunisiens et m\u00eame la m\u00e9moire de nos morts contre les violences et les interdits. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Une fois adulte ne crois-tu pas qu\u2019il est temps de comprendre que dans cette vie rien n\u2019est acquis et qu\u2019il est d\u00e9sormais temps d\u2019assumer ses choix et sa personnalit\u00e9 , de tracer sa voie et de laisser de c\u00f4t\u00e9 les atermoiements.De se lib\u00e9rer de soi-m\u00eame si on se respecte soi peu , de se lib\u00e9rer de ses pr\u00e9jug\u00e9s et de ses peurs , de ses l\u00e2chet\u00e9s et d\u2019arr\u00eater de se trouver des excuses \u00e0 tout bout de champs ?le d\u00e9terminisme de tout un chacun dans ses intimes convictions doit nous forcer \u00e0 nous r\u00e9volter contre toute n\u00e9gation de notre \u00eatre , contre toute forme d\u2019oppression qu\u2019elle soit culturelle , politique ou religieuse , briser le moule de l\u2019abjection et \u00caTRE malgr\u00e9 tout.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Si on se r\u00e9signe dans l\u2019habitude et le renoncement , si on renonce \u00e0 ses qualit\u00e9s humaines et au respect qu\u2019on se doit \u00e0 soi-m\u00eame , avec en ces temps et cette \u00e9poque magnifique et tous les moyens mis \u00e0 notre dispositions dans le dispositif social , c\u2019est seulement de notre faute , notre seule faute , nous sommes les seuls coupables ; le d\u00e9terminisme de l\u2019\u00e9ducation , de la culture et de la religion sont des faits dont on peut se lib\u00e9rer facilement cela ne tient qu\u2019\u00e0 nous pour faire nos choix , le seul interdit qui nous assassine en Tunisie reste la politique , rien que cela , chercher des \u00e9chappatoires , fermer les yeux sur cette monstrueuse r\u00e9alit\u00e9 ne pourra jamais nous absoudre de nos faiblesses. <\/span><\/p>\n

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La r\u00e9volution, elle commence en nous-m\u00eame, conqu\u00e9rir notre \u00eatre et ne jamais renoncer \u00e0 nos droits, si tu ne te lib\u00e8re pas toi-m\u00eame tu n\u2019es pas digne d\u2019\u00eatre libre et personne ne te lib\u00e9rera.C\u2019est dans la nature des contingences humaines, et adulte, personne si tu le veux ne peut t\u2019obliger \u00e0 accepter les faits accomplis. <\/span><\/p>\n

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-ni ceux de la dictature <\/span><\/p>\n

-ni ceux de la religion <\/span><\/p>\n

-ni ceux du d\u00e9terminisme socio-\u00e9ducatif <\/span><\/p>\n

-ni ceux de la politique <\/span><\/p>\n

-ni \u00e0 ceux des dogmes <\/span><\/p>\n

-ni ceux de la morale <\/span><\/p>\n

-ni ceux du conformisme <\/span><\/p>\n

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Bref si tu ne t\u2019assumes pas en tant qu\u2019individu responsable, tu ne peux pr\u00e9tendre \u00e0 t\u2019assumer en tant que citoyen (ne) r\u00e9publicain et libre, r\u00e9sistant \u00e0 toutes les d\u00e9rives. <\/span> <\/p>\n

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La nouvelle g\u00e9n\u00e9ration tunisienne ne manque absolument pas d\u2019\u00e9ducation \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 , m\u00eame les deux ou trois g\u00e9n\u00e9rations pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents non plus , il suffit de lire certaines personnes repr\u00e9sentatives et l\u00e9gitimes de l\u2019opposition d\u00e9mocratique , je te fais gr\u00e2ce des habituels opportunistes , elles ne manquent ni d\u2019informations , ni de d\u00e9sirs d\u2019en d\u00e9coudre quelques fois avec la machine r\u00e9pressive et broyeuse d\u2019hommes de ben Ali (ma fraternit\u00e9 et ma tendresse pour ma\u00eetre ABBOU) , elle est d\u00e9sint\u00e9ress\u00e9es et altruistes , mais malheureusement l\u2019attentisme quasi g\u00e9n\u00e9ral qui semble p\u00e9trifier les forces vives semble couler de source , mortif\u00e8re et d\u00e9sesp\u00e9rant , tout simplement parce que l\u2019alternance \u00e0 la dictature de ben Ali n\u2019est pas visible et r\u00e9solue , on ne lui propose rien \u00e0 ce peuple de valorisant et rien d\u2019engageant , tout semble se faire et se d\u00e9faire au-dessus de sa t\u00eate et \u00e0 son insu , dans des c\u00e9nacles uniformes et monopolisateurs qui d\u00e9tiennent une v\u00e9rit\u00e9 infuse totalement obsol\u00e8te et pr\u00e9tentieuse .Ceux qui pr\u00e9tendent d\u00e9loger la dictature et instaurer la d\u00e9mocratie n\u2019assument pas ou rarement \u00e0 des exception pr\u00e9s leurs conditions r\u00e9sistantes , affichent souvent leurs d\u00e9dains , leurs m\u00e9pris , leurs suffisances et leurs l\u00e2chet\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019endroit des r\u00e9alit\u00e9s tunisiennes qu\u2019ils connaissent peu ou pas du tout.La ligne de d\u00e9marcation dans le discours et l\u2019acte entre eux et le syst\u00e8me est plus que floue, la confusion est totale et donne l\u2019impression que ce n\u2019est qu\u2019une lutte pour le pouvoir , le \u00ab tr\u00f4ne \u00bb entre deux oligarchies totalement m\u00e9fiantes du peuple. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Quand la dictature et son opposition d\u00e9mocratique se complaisent dans ce laborieux et pragmatique d\u00e9calage en ignorant les uns et les autres les vraies attentes de la nation tunisienne , dans l\u2019\u00e9talage d\u2019un \u00e9go\u00efsme malsain , pour les jeunes tunisiens se pose , en plus de leurs traumatismes inh\u00e9rents \u00e0 leurs conditions premi\u00e8res , \u00e0 leurs quotidiens aseptis\u00e9s et viol\u00e9s , une grave question identitaire et d\u2019identification \u00e0 la grandeur d\u2019une histoire , d\u2019une nation et d\u2019un pays mill\u00e9naire.Ils ne se sentent plus concern\u00e9s par le devenir et l\u2019avenir de leur pays dilu\u00e9e et brad\u00e9s par toutes les forces spoliatrices de leur pass\u00e9 , pr\u00e9sent et futur ; ils grandissent dans l\u2019horrible postulat qu\u2019il faut co\u00fbte que co\u00fbte et mat\u00e9riellement r\u00e9ussir dans la vie , quitte \u00e0 louper compl\u00e8tement leur propre vie , l\u2019amour , le bonheur , la libert\u00e9 et tout ce qui fait l\u2019humanisme et le progr\u00e8s. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Et pour terminer et je tiens \u00e0 te dire , pour que nos parents nous \u00e9duquent dans la libert\u00e9 et la d\u00e9mocratie , ils faudrait d\u2019abord qu\u2019ils aient eu les outils et les moyens de les apprendre et de les pratiquer , personne ne peut transmettre quelque chose dont il n\u2019a pas h\u00e9rit\u00e9 , on laisse toujours son monde beau ou laid \u00e0 sa descendance .<\/span><\/p>\n

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D\u00e9sol\u00e9e encore une fois de te le dire , nous , nous les avons ces outils et ces moyens , par la technologie , les communications , la diversit\u00e9 et les connaissances et qu\u2019en faisons nous ? tributaire bien souvent de ma\u00eetres penseurs qui sont notre n\u00e9gation , que faisons nous \u00e0 part nous lamenter sur notre propre sort et pleurnicher sur un pass\u00e9 d\u00e9risoire , \u00e0 part faire dans la victimisation et l\u2019instrumentalisation de nos racines et nos d\u00e9b\u00e2cles , notre histoire , notre culture et notre religion. <\/span><\/p>\n

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La CIA \u00e0 visage humain<\/font><\/h6>\n

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Le r\u00e9seau Voltaire \/ Focus<\/font><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0C’est \u00e0 tort que les r\u00e9cents \u00e9v\u00e8nements de G\u00e9orgie et d’Ukraine ont \u00e9t\u00e9 qualifi\u00e9s de \u00abr\u00e9volutions\u00bb : ils ne visaient pas \u00e0 changer des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s, mais uniquement \u00e0 provoquer des alternances au profit d’alli\u00e9s des \u00c9tats-Unis. La contestation et les mouvements de rue ont \u00e9t\u00e9 encadr\u00e9s par des ONG, directement ou indirectement financ\u00e9es et pilot\u00e9es par Washington, selon un plan explicit\u00e9 il y a plus d’un an dans un rapport officiel de l’USAID. En quelques ann\u00e9es, des ONG se sont mu\u00e9es en chevaux de Troie du d\u00e9partement action de la CIA.<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Les ONG, nouveau bras de la diplomatie US<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Le renversement du pr\u00e9sident g\u00e9orgien, Edouard Chevardnadze, en novembre 2003, et l’arriv\u00e9e au<\/span><\/p>\n

pouvoir en Ukraine de Viktor Yushchenko en d\u00e9cembre 2004 consacrent, selon la plupart des politologues europ\u00e9ens, le triomphe de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile d\u00e9mocratique dans les anciens satellites sovi\u00e9tiques. \u00c0 entendre les commentaires l\u00e9nifiants de la presse dite \u00ab occidentale \u00bb, on ne peut que se r\u00e9jouir de la fa\u00e7on dont les populations asservies par l’ancienne URSS prennent aujourd’hui leur destin en main et rejoignent, comme il se doit, le seul camp valable que repr\u00e9sente, au choix l’Occident, l’Europe ou l’OTAN. Ceci, gr\u00e2ce au formidable travail de terrain et de mobilisation men\u00e9 par de nombreuses organisations non-gouvernementales locales ou \u00e9trang\u00e8res pour convaincre les G\u00e9orgiens, les Ukrainiens et peut-\u00eatre demain les Bi\u00e9lorusses, de l’importance de faire valoir leurs droits. <\/span><\/p>\n

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La r\u00e9alit\u00e9 est plus complexe et assur\u00e9ment moins idyllique. Il semble en effet que, dans la droite ligne des th\u00e9ories du politologue \u00e9tats-unien Gene Sharp d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es au sein de l’Albert Einstein Institution [1], les \u00c9tats-Unis aient \u00e9labor\u00e9, depuis la fin officielle de la Guerre froide, une nouvelle<\/span><\/p>\n

doctrine des coups d’\u00c9tat soft, utilisant des techniques non-violentes. En s’inspirant de l’efficacit\u00e9 des luttes politiques men\u00e9es par Mohandas K. Gandhi en Inde, Washington tente depuis une dizaine d’ann\u00e9es de renverser les gouvernements qui lui d\u00e9plaisent \u00e0 l’aide d’un dispositif qui lui assure le soutien de l’opinion publique internationale. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Au c\u0153ur de cette nouvelle doctrine, les Organisations non-gouvernementales, si populaires aupr\u00e8s des m\u00e9dias, ont un r\u00f4le d\u00e9terminant. Comme le note le journaliste de Counterpunch Jacob Levich : \u00ab les organisations non-gouvernementales – ces associations th\u00e9oriquement ind\u00e9pendantes et r\u00e9put\u00e9es humanitaires, connues sous le nom d’ONG – sont d\u00e9sormais ouvertement int\u00e9gr\u00e9es dans la strat\u00e9gie d’ensemble de Washington pour consolider sa supr\u00e9matie globale \u00bb [2]. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Le fait que la plupart des ONG, et tout particuli\u00e8rement les plus importantes, soient financ\u00e9es par des fonds \u00ab priv\u00e9s-publics \u00bb n’est pas nouveau. Les agences d’aide gouvernementales ont depuis longtemps pour objectif de subventionner, au moins en partie, des organisations humanitaires sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es dans le d\u00e9veloppement. De nombreuses ONG acceptent \u00e9galement des financements de l’Open Society Institute de George Soros, alors m\u00eame que les liens de ce dernier avec la diplomatie sous-terraine \u00e9tats-unienne sont d\u00e9sormais connus de tous [3]. Pourtant, pendant de nombreuses ann\u00e9es, la nature contestable de ces financements – en ce qu’ils mettent \u00e0 mal la d\u00e9finition d’une organisation non gouvernementale – n’influait pas r\u00e9ellement sur l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 de leurs activit\u00e9s. Le nombre d’ONG soutenues par l’Open Society Institute, par exemple, excluait que cet outil puisse servir \u00e0 contr\u00f4ler la multitude des projets mis en \u0153uvre [4]. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Les choses ont cependant \u00e9volu\u00e9 depuis le d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2000, et ce de fa\u00e7on d\u00e9lib\u00e9r\u00e9e. Par le pass\u00e9, les \u00c9tats-Unis avaient pris l’habitude de financer des groupes politiques et des gu\u00e9rillas arm\u00e9es, mais aussi des syndicats [5]. Depuis l’arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir de George W. Bush, en janvier 2001, les ONG ont petit \u00e0 petit \u00e9t\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9es dans l’appareil d’ing\u00e9rence \u00e9tats-unien. <\/span><\/p>\n

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L’id\u00e9e a fait son chemin, d’abord dans des think-tanks n\u00e9oconservateurs, puis au sein de l’United States Agency for International Development (USAID) [6]. Cette agence gouvernementale \u00e9tats-unienne qui d\u00e9pend du D\u00e9partement d’\u00c9tat est l’\u00e9quivalent du minist\u00e8re de la Coop\u00e9ration en France. Fond\u00e9e en 1961 par John F. Kennedy, l’USAID \u00ab soutient la croissance \u00e9conomique \u00e9quitable et \u00e0 long terme et promeut la politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re \u00e9tats-unienne en soutenant : la croissance \u00e9conomique, l’agriculture et le commerce ; la sant\u00e9 ; la d\u00e9mocratie, la pr\u00e9vention des conflits et l’assistance humanitaire \u00bb. Pour ce faire, elle doit suivre des directives du D\u00e9partement d’\u00c9tat et est financ\u00e9e par des fonds publics. Son action sur le terrain consiste principalement \u00e0 redistribuer ces fonds dans les pays que Washington souhaite \u00ab aider \u00bb, notamment par l’entremise d’organisations non-gouvernementales [7]. <\/span><\/p>\n

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L’arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir d’une administration belliciste en janvier 2001 ne pouvait pas \u00eatre sans cons\u00e9quence pour un organisme aussi li\u00e9 \u00e0 la politique \u00e9trang\u00e8re \u00e9tats-unienne. D’autant que le directeur de l’Agence, Andrew S. Natsios, est un proche de la nouvelle \u00e9quipe: adepte du \u00abconservatisme compassionnel \u00bb, il a particip\u00e9 \u00e0 l’\u00e9quipe de campagne \u00e9lectorale de George H. W. Bush en 1980, par lequel il fut ensuite nomm\u00e9 au Bureau d’Aide pour les Catastrophes \u00e0 l’\u00e9tranger en 1988, avant de rejoindre l’association caritative chr\u00e9tienne WorldVision \u00e0 partir de 1992 [8]. \u00c0 l’unisson de la Maison-Blanche, l’USAID a donc modifi\u00e9 son rapport avec les ONG pour les int\u00e9grer progressivement dans l’appareil d’ing\u00e9rence articul\u00e9 autour de la NED\/CIA. C’est ce que r\u00e9v\u00e8le la lecture d’un rapport publi\u00e9 par l’agence en janvier 2003 et pass\u00e9 totalement inaper\u00e7u en pleine p\u00e9riode de pr\u00e9paration de la guerre en Irak. Il d\u00e9taille la fa\u00e7on dont le D\u00e9partement d’\u00c9tat souhaite d\u00e9sormais instrumentaliser les organisations non-gouvernementales. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Intitul\u00e9 Aide internationale au nom de l’int\u00e9r\u00eat national : Promouvoir la libert\u00e9, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et l’opportunit\u00e9, on peut y lire les nouvelles priorit\u00e9s de l’USAID. D\u00e9sormais, l’Agence ne concevra plus ses programmes \u00e0 la seule fin de soulager la mis\u00e8re humaine, mais s’engagera plut\u00f4t \u00e0 \u00abencourager des r\u00e9formes d\u00e9mocratiques \u00bb [9]. Ce changement de politique fait \u00e9cho \u00e0 la nouvelle Strat\u00e9gie de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 nationale pour les \u00c9tats-Unis publi\u00e9e par la Maison-Blanche en septembre 2002. L’administration Bush y affirme la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d’assurer sa s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en instaurant, dans les pays ennemis, des r\u00e9gimes d\u00e9mocratiques. Une position enti\u00e8rement reprise \u00e0 son compte par l’USAID qui pr\u00e9voit que les r\u00e9gimes \u00ab amis \u00bb soient r\u00e9compens\u00e9s par l’attribution de financements<\/span><\/p>\n

pour des projets de d\u00e9veloppement, tandis que les pays \u00ab hostiles \u00bb seront l’objet de programmes de \u00ab r\u00e9formes \u00bb men\u00e9es par des organisations non-gouvernementales. <\/span> <\/p>\n

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Celles-ci, constatent en effet les auteurs, sont de plus en plus d\u00e9pendantes de leurs bailleurs de fonds et ont perdu en cons\u00e9quence beaucoup de leur ind\u00e9pendance : \u00ab les ONG travaillaient auparavant \u00e0 bonne distance de donateurs gouvernementaux, mais avec le temps cette relation est devenue plus intime \u00bb. En clair, les gouvernements exercent aujourd’hui un contr\u00f4le accru sur les programmes qu’ils financent, ce qui ouvre la voie \u00e0 l’instrumentalisation. C’est d’ailleurs ni plus, ni moins, ce que propose de faire l’USAID. Dans une formule \u00e0 peine voil\u00e9e, l’agence explique comment se servir des ONG pour r\u00e9aliser des coups d’\u00c9tat : \u00ab Il est possible d’apporter une aide aux r\u00e9formateurs qui permettront d’identifier les gagnants et les perdants les plus importants, de<\/span><\/p>\n

d\u00e9velopper la construction de coalitions et de strat\u00e9gies de mobilisation, et d’\u00e9laborer des campagnes de relation publique. (\u2026) Une telle aide peut repr\u00e9senter un investissement pour le futur, lorsqu’un changement politique donnera le pouvoir r\u00e9el aux r\u00e9formateurs \u00bb (page 51). <\/span> <\/p>\n

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C’est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ce qui s’est pass\u00e9 en G\u00e9orgie en novembre 2003. Jusqu’ici alli\u00e9 ind\u00e9fectible des<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c9tats-Unis, le pr\u00e9sident Edouard Chevardnadze a subitement subi des critiques de Washington sur sa \u00ab gouvernance \u00bb d\u00e9mocratique du pays, apr\u00e8s qu’il eut entam\u00e9 un rapprochement avec la Russie de Vladimir Poutine. C’\u00e9tait tout l’objet de la visite de James Baker III en G\u00e9orgie \u00e0 l’\u00e9t\u00e9 2003, au cours de laquelle l’ancien secr\u00e9taire d’\u00c9tat a mis en garde le pr\u00e9sident g\u00e9orgien et l’a invit\u00e9 \u00e0 assurer la l\u00e9galit\u00e9 des \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives. Un discours qui a permis de l\u00e9gitimer par la suite l’arriv\u00e9e en nombre d’organisations non-gouvernementales afin de contr\u00f4ler les modalit\u00e9s du scrutin. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Mikhail Saakachvili<\/span><\/p>\n

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Parall\u00e8lement, Washington a appliqu\u00e9 \u00e0 la lettre les recommandations de l’USAID en formant de toute urgence un successeur pro-\u00e9tats-unien en la personne de Mikhail Saakachvili. Pendant l’\u00e9t\u00e9, cet avocat dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 du barreau de New York et ancien membre du gouvernement g\u00e9orgien est invit\u00e9 \u00e0 un s\u00e9minaire \u00e0 Belgrade \u00ab pour y apprendre comment faire \u00ab\u00a0une r\u00e9volution de velours\u00a0\u00bb comme celle des Serbes. M. Saakachvili a re\u00e7u des instructions d\u00e9taill\u00e9es qu’il a suivies \u00e0 la lettre \u00bb [10]. Ce s\u00e9minaire \u00e9tait organis\u00e9 par le Centre pour r\u00e9sistance non-violente de Belgrade, une ONG subventionn\u00e9e par l’Open Society Institute de George Soros [11]. Dans le m\u00eame temps, le \u00abphilanthrope \u00bb finance un mouvement de jeunes opposants – parfois \u00e2g\u00e9s d’\u00e0 peine quinze ans – pour cr\u00e9er sur place les conditions d’un soul\u00e8vement populaire. Intitul\u00e9 Kmara (Assez !), cette<\/span><\/p>\n

organisation est calqu\u00e9e sur le mod\u00e8le du mouvement serbe Otpor qui avait d\u00e9fi\u00e9 Milosevic \u00e0 Belgrade en 2000, d\u00e9j\u00e0 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des financements de l’Open Society de Soros. De nombreux cadres d’OTPOR ont ainsi \u00e9t\u00e9 envoy\u00e9s en G\u00e9orgie pour y former les futurs cadres de la \u00ab r\u00e9volution non violente \u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Logos des organisations Otpor et Pora<\/font><\/h6>\n

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Deux organisation de jeunesse encadr\u00e9es par les services secrets \u00e9tats-uniens<\/font> <\/font> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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L’\u00e9l\u00e9ment d\u00e9clencheur est \u00e9galement confi\u00e9 \u00e0 des organisations non-gouvernementales. Il s’agit de<\/span><\/p>\n

mettre en cause la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 du processus \u00e9lectoral lors des l\u00e9gislatives de novembre 2003. Celles-ci voient la victoire limit\u00e9e des formations pro-gouvernementales, juste devant l’opposition incarn\u00e9e par Mikhail Saakachvili et Nina Burdjanadze, pr\u00e9sidente du Parlement. Mais ce n’est pas \u00e0 ces deux personnalit\u00e9s que revient le droit d’initier la contestation. C’est un responsable \u00e9tats-unien qui s’en charge, en la personne d’Adam Ereli, porte-parole adjoint du D\u00e9partement d’\u00c9tat. Ce dernier \u00e9voque des \u00ab fraudes massives \u00bb et \u00ab de larges manipulations du d\u00e9compte des voix \u00bb. Il fonde son propos sur l’\u00e9cart existant entre les chiffres donn\u00e9s par la commission \u00e9lectorale g\u00e9orgienne, pr\u00e8s de trois semaines apr\u00e8s le scrutin du 2 novembre, et ceux fournis par des \u00ab organisations ind\u00e9pendantes r\u00e9put\u00e9es \u00bb [12]. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Le r\u00f4le des ONG est ici encore d\u00e9terminant : les sondages ont en effet \u00e9t\u00e9 men\u00e9s par deux organismes distincts. Le premier, la Fair Elections Society (ISFED) est financ\u00e9 par le British Council et, du c\u00f4t\u00e9 \u00e9tats-unien, par l’USAID et la NED via le National Democratic Institute, l’International Foundation for Election Systems (IFES) et l’International Republican Institute [13]. Le second sondage a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tats-unienne sp\u00e9cialiste en analyse \u00e9lectorale, le Global Strategy Group, avec l’aide de l’Open Society Georgia de George Soros, de l’Eurasia Foundation (elle-m\u00eame financ\u00e9e par l’USAID et dirig\u00e9e par un ancien responsable du d\u00e9partement d’\u00c9tat, Charles William Maynes) et de la cha\u00eene de t\u00e9l\u00e9vision \u00ab ind\u00e9pendante \u00bb Rustavi 2, cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1994 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un financement de George Soros [14]. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Parall\u00e8lement, des associations g\u00e9orgiennes de droits de l’homme diffusent sur leur site internet et par le biais de communiqu\u00e9s des rapports alarmants sur la r\u00e9pression de l’opposition par le pouvoir en place et sur l’omnipr\u00e9sence de la corruption. Ces affirmations, qui sont reprises \u00e0 l’envi par les m\u00e9dias d’Europe occidentale, \u00e9manent en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 d’une source principale, l’ONG Liberty Foundation. Celle-ci est financ\u00e9e par l’USAID et \u00e9tait dirig\u00e9e jusqu’en mai 2003 par\u2026 Mikhail Saakachvili [15]. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Le dispositif est trop puissant pour pouvoir \u00e9chouer. Fin novembre, Edouard Chevardnadze quitte le pouvoir. Il est remplac\u00e9 par la pr\u00e9sidente du Parlement Nina Burdjanadze, jusqu’\u00e0 l’\u00e9lection \u00e0 la pr\u00e9sidence de Mikhail Saakachvili, en janvier 2004. Ce dernier n’oublie pas la \u00ab soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile \u00bb qui l’a port\u00e9 au pouvoir. Le pr\u00e9sentateur vedette de la cha\u00eene Rustavi 2, Nika Tabatadze, devient adjoint au ministre des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, avant d’\u00eatre nomm\u00e9 PDG de la cha\u00eene en octobre 2004 [16]. Le responsable de l’Open Society Institute en G\u00e9orgie de l’\u00e9poque, M. Kakha Lomaia, est lui nomm\u00e9 ministre de l’\u00c9ducation du gouvernement Saakachvili. D’autres personnalit\u00e9s passent avec lui du rang de \u00ab membres d’organisations non-gouvernementales \u00bb \u00e0 celui de membres du gouvernement. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Le m\u00eame sc\u00e9nario s’est selon toute vraisemblance r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9 en Ukraine en novembre-d\u00e9cembre 2004 [17]. On y retrouve en effet, p\u00eale-m\u00eale, un mouvement d’opposition financ\u00e9 par George Soros, un candidat d’opposition tr\u00e8s proche de l’OTAN, des sondages \u00ab sortie des urnes \u00bb r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par des ONG financ\u00e9es par la NED\/CIA et favorables \u00e0 l’opposition, et une campagne de presse violemment russophobe au sein de l’Union europ\u00e9enne. Le parlementaire \u00e9tats-unien Ron E. Paul est m\u00eame all\u00e9 plus loin. Selon lui, l’une des ONG les plus actives sur le terrain, l’International Center for Policy Studies, est financ\u00e9 par le gouvernement \u00e9tats-unien via la Poland – America – Ukraine Cooperation Initiative (PAUCI), un organisme subventionn\u00e9 par l’USAID et administr\u00e9 par Freedom House [18]. Fond\u00e9e par l’Open Society Institute, elle compte m\u00eame Viktor Yushchenko au sein de son conseil<\/span><\/p>\n

consultatif. Pire, l’\u00e9lu au Congr\u00e8s met en cause une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Relations publiques \u00e9tats-uniennes,<\/span><\/p>\n

Development Associates Inc., qui a re\u00e7u 100 millions de dollars du gouvernement \u00e9tats-unien, notamment pour g\u00e9rer la communication de la \u00ab r\u00e9volution orange \u2122 \u00bb en Ukraine [19]. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Un nouveau mode d’ing\u00e9rence est ainsi en train de voir le jour. S’appuyant sur des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de la \u00ab soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile \u00bb, il repose essentiellement sur la remise en cause du processus \u00e9lectoral et sur d’importantes campagnes de propagande visant \u00e0 d\u00e9nigrer les dirigeants dont Washington a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de se d\u00e9barasser. Outre les deux exemples r\u00e9cents, le Venezuela, le Zimbabwe et la Bi\u00e9lorussie connaissent aujourd’hui des pressions similaires, pour l’instant sans succ\u00e8s. Un projet d’organisations sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es dans la surveillance d’\u00e9lections, l’European Network of Election Monitoring Organizations (ENEMO) a vu le jour en septembre 2001. Ses partenaires donnent d\u00e9j\u00e0 un avant-go\u00fbt des int\u00e9r\u00eats d\u00e9fendus : on y trouve, entre autres, l’OSCE, le National Democratic Institute et l’Open Society Institute. Dans ce dispositif, c’est aux ONG qu’il revient de jouer le r\u00f4le de catalyseur. Il y a dix ans, nombre d’entre elles avaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 soup\u00e7onn\u00e9es de se livrer, sous couvert d’action humanitaire, \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s de renseignement en vue de pr\u00e9parer une intervention militaire. Aujourd’hui, le monde tourne \u00e0 l’heure CNN. Ce qui compte n’est pas la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 d’une r\u00e9volution ou d’un coup d’\u00c9tat, mais l’image que l’on donne. C’est pour cela aussi que certaines organisations non-gouvernementales sont appel\u00e9es aujourd’hui, non pas seulement \u00e0 renseigner, mais \u00e0 intervenir directement au sein des r\u00e9gimes, sur le mod\u00e8le du cheval de Troie.<\/span><\/p>\n

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[1] Voir \u00ab\u00a0L’Albert Einstein Institution : la non-violence version CIA \u00ab\u00a0, par Thierry Meyssan, Voltaire, 4 janvier 2005. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[2] \u00ab When NGOs Attack : Implications of the Coup in Georgia \u00bb, par Jacob Levich, Counterpunch, 6-7 d\u00e9cembre 2003. <\/span> <\/i><\/p>\n

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[3] Voir \u00ab George Soros, sp\u00e9culateur et philanthrope \u00bb, Voltaire, 15 janvier 2004. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[4] Il n’en demeure pas moins que le g\u00e9n\u00e9reux donateur dispose toujours d’un important moyen de pression sur l’organisation qu’il finance, celui de ne pas renouveler sa subvention. Une contrainte tr\u00e8s r\u00e9elle pour les ONG concern\u00e9es, d’autant que l’Open Society Institute est aujourd’hui dans une situation in\u00e9dite sur le \u00ab march\u00e9 \u00bb de la philanthropie. Il est donc tr\u00e8s important de conserver son approbation. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[5] Voir \u00ab AFL-CIO ou AFL-CIA ? \u00bb, par Paul Labarique, Voltaire, 2 juin 2004 ; \u00ab L’AFL-CIO et la contre-insurrection syndicale \u00bb, Voltaire, 11 juin 2004. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[6] \u00ab L’USAID et les r\u00e9seaux terroristes de Bush \u00bb par Edgar Gonzales Ruiz, Voltaire, 17 ao\u00fbt 2004. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[7] Depuis 2003, les \u00c9tats-Unis ont lanc\u00e9 un vaste projet d’aide aux pays en voie de d\u00e9veloppement au sein d’une nouvelle agence, la Millenium Challenge Corporation. Celle-ci exige des pays b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires qu’ils organisent la lib\u00e9ralisation de leur \u00e9conomie et son ouverture aux investisseurs \u00e9trangers. Elle r\u00e9clame aussi d’importantes r\u00e9formes politiques qui peuvent \u00eatre apparent\u00e9es \u00e0 des changements de r\u00e9gimes. Voir \u00ab Millenium Challenge, colonialisme lib\u00e9ral \u00bb, par Paul Labarique, Voltaire, 19 f\u00e9vrier 2004. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[8] \u00ab USAID Director Keeps an Eye on Long-Term Recovery \u00bb, par Robin Wright, Washington Post, 6 janvier 2005. <\/span> <\/i><\/p>\n

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[9] Foreign Aid in the National Interest : Promoting Freedom, Security and Opportunity, USAID, janvier 2003. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[10] \u00ab ‘It looks disturbingly like a coup’ \u00bb, The Guardian, 25 novembre 2003. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[11] \u00ab US-Supported OTPOR now Ignites Ukraine \u00bb, Zaman, 27 novembre 2004. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[12] \u00ab Washington d\u00e9nonce l’\u00e9lection en G\u00e9orgie et d\u00e9savoue Chevardnadz\u00e9 \u00bb, par Christophe de Roquefeuil, AFP, 20 novembre 2003. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[13] Voir le site de l’USAID G\u00e9orgie. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[14] Voir \u00ab M\u00e9dias audiovisuels : qui d\u00e9tient le 4\u00e8me pouvoir en G\u00e9orgie ? \u00bb, par C\u00e9lia Chauffour, Regards sur l’Est, n\u00b035, janvier-mars 2004 . <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[15] \u00ab Georgia human-rights organization accused of meddling \u00bb, Zviad Pochkhua, The World Paper, 1er mai 2003. <\/span> <\/i><\/p>\n

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[16] \u00ab G\u00e9orgie : la cha\u00eene TV Rustavi 2 aux mains de l’ex-num\u00e9ro 2 du minist\u00e8re des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res \u00bb, par C\u00e9lia Chauffour, Regards sur l’Est, n\u00b035, 13 octobre 2004 <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[17] Voir \u00ab Ukraine : la rue contre le peuple \u00bb, Voltaire, 29 novembre 2004. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[18] \u00ab Freedom House : quand la libert\u00e9 n’est qu’un slogan \u00bb, Voltaire, 7 septembre 2004. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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[19] \u00ab US Hypocrisy in Ukraine \u00bb, Ron E. Paul Statements, 7 d\u00e9cembre 2004.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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(Source: Le R\u00e9seau Voltaire, 6 janvier 2005)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Lien web\u00a0: <\/span> http:\/\/www.naros.info\/lux%202005\/index.htm<\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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