{"id":20772,"date":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/14-avril-2003\/"},"modified":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","slug":"14-avril-2003","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/14-avril-2003\/","title":{"rendered":"14 avril 2003"},"content":{"rendered":"

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TUNISNEWS<\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/span><\/font><\/span> <\/div>\n
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3\u00e8me ann\u00e9e, N\u00b0\u00a01060 du 14.04.2003<\/font><\/strong><\/font> <\/div>\n
\u00a0archives <\/font>: <\/blink>www.tunisnews.net<\/font><\/blink><\/a><\/font><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/b><\/font> <\/p>\n
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LES TITRES DE CE JOUR:<\/font> <\/div>\n
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Tunisie, r\u00e9veille-toi : Sami Ben Gharbia, alias Chamseddine, Issam Zaoui et Chaker Hadri risquent d’\u00eatre renvoy\u00e9s des Pays-Bas vers la Tunisie <\/div>\n
AFP: Nizar Trabelsi renvoy\u00e9 en correctionnelle avec 12 co-inculp\u00e9s<\/font>
Reuters: Tunisia March trade deficit widens to $146.2 mln
Rosbaltnews: Pulkovo to Sign Cooperation Agreement with Tunisian Airline<\/font>
El Khabar: Le cauchemar des r\u00e9gimes arabes
Le Monde: Le lourd passif judiciaire et financier de M. Chalabi<\/p>\n

Le Monde: \u201cquelque 30 000 militaires irakiens ont probablement \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9s en trois semaines par ces bombardements\u201d<\/font><\/p>\n

AP: Un requin g\u00e9ant \u00e9chou\u00e9 sur les c\u00f4tes tunisiennes<\/p>\n

Le Matin: Mondial 2010, vers une candidature commune de l’Union maghr\u00e9bine<\/font><\/h2>\n

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\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641 : \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0628\u064a: \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u00a0\u00bb \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645\u00a0<\/font><\/font><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/font>\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/font>!!<\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0628\u0644<\/span> \u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644 ‘ \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f ‘ . \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/strong><\/font><\/span> .<\/p>\n

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\u0648 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 ‘ \u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0633 ‘ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0637\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span> \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u060c \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0642\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/strong><\/font><\/span> .<\/p>\n

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\u0648 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 ‘ \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0642\u0629 ‘ \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a ‘ \u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0629 ‘ \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0625\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a<\/span><\/span> .<\/span><\/span>\u060c<\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u00a0<\/font><\/span>(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 2003)<\/font><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Sami Ben Gharbia, alias Chamseddine, Issam Zaoui et Chaker Hadri risquent d’\u00eatre renvoy\u00e9s des Pays-Bas vers la Tunisie (Urgent)<\/p>\n

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par Tunisie, r\u00e9veille-toi !
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Nous attirons l’attention de l’opinion publique internationale sur le cas du jeune tunisien Sami Ben Gharbia, alias Chamseddine<\/b> et celui de ses deux concitoyens, Issam Zaoui et Chaker Hadri, demandeurs d’asile aux Pays Bas. Les trois jeunes Tunisiens avaient demand\u00e9 l’asile politique d\u00e9s leur arriv<\/font><\/span>\u0629<\/font><\/span>e aux Pays-Bas \u00e0 la fin de l’ann\u00e9e 1998. Leur requ\u00eate a \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9e en 1999, de m\u00eame que leur appel. Les services de l’immigration et de naturalisation (IND) ont estim\u00e9 qu’ils n’\u00e9taient pas des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s au sens de la Convention de Gen\u00e8ve, cette derni\u00e8re stipulant qu’un r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 est une personne qui craint d’\u00eatre pers\u00e9cut\u00e9e dans son pays d’origine. <\/p>\n

Pourtant, les organismes de d\u00e9fense des droits de la personne soutiennent qu’il est \u00e9vident que les trois jeunes Tunisiens seraient arr\u00eat\u00e9s et tortur\u00e9s en cas de retour en Tunisie. Amnesty International (section n\u00e9erlandaise) dans une lettre dat\u00e9e du 2 janvier 2002 avait averti les autorit\u00e9s n\u00e9erlandaises sur le danger d’une \u00e9ventuelle expulsion de Sami Ben Gharbia et de ses deux amis vers la Tunisie. Le Comit\u00e9 pour le Respect des Libert\u00e9s et des Droits de l’Homme en Tunisie (lettre de soutien du CRLDHT dat\u00e9e du 26 septembre 2001) ainsi que le Collectif de la Communaut\u00e9 tunisienne en Europe ( lettre de soutien du 1er mai 2001) avaient demand\u00e9 aux autorit\u00e9s hollandaises de prot\u00e9ger Sami Ben Gharbia, Issam Zaoui et Chaker Hadri contre tout renvoi qui mettrait leur vie en danger. <\/p>\n

Les jeunes Tunisiens, qui n’appartenaient \u00e0 aucun parti politique de l’opposition, avaient r\u00e9ussi, d\u00e9but 1997, apr\u00e8s un interrogatoire dans les locaux de la police politique de Bizerte, \u00e0 fuir la Tunisie en direction de la Libye. On leur reprochait leurs activit\u00e9s intellectuelles, leurs voyages vers les pays du Moyen-Orient et leur s\u00e9jour d’\u00e9tude en Iran. <\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span>Nous appelons l’opinion publique, les d\u00e9fenseurs des droits de l’homme et toutes les ONGs de faire tout leur possible avant qu’il soit trop tard afin d’emp\u00eacher toute mesure de renvoi des trois jeunes vers la Tunisie. Les affaires Lotfi Farhat, Haroun M’Barek et Fethi Karaoud sont une illustration des tortures et des injustices qui menacent des jeunes tunisiens lors de leur retour en Tunisie. <\/p>\n

Vous pouvez envoyer une lettre aux diff\u00e9rentes repr\u00e9sentations diplomatiques des Pays-Bas dans le monde ou directement au minist\u00e8re de Affaires Etrang\u00e8res. <\/p>\n

Voici pour vous aider un exemple de lettre type ainsi que les coordonn\u00e9es de certaines ambassades en Europe et en Am\u00e9rique du Nord : <\/p>\n

Monsieur (Madame) l’Ambassad(eur)(rice) des Pays-Bas, <\/p>\n

Je me permets d’attirer votre attention sur le cas de Sami Ben Gharbia, Issam Zaoui et Chaker Hadri. <\/p>\n

Ces trois jeunes Tunisiens ont demand\u00e9 l’asile politique d\u00e8s leur arriv\u00e9e aux Pays-Bas fin 1998. Leur requ\u00eate a \u00e9t\u00e9 rejet\u00e9e en 1999, de m\u00eame que leur demande d’appel. Les services de l’immigration et de la naturalisation (IND) avaient jug\u00e9 qu’ils n’\u00e9taient pas des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s au sens de la Convention de Gen\u00e8ve : un r\u00e9fugi\u00e9 est une personne qui craint d’\u00eatre pers\u00e9cut\u00e9e dans son pays d’origine. <\/p>\n

Pourtant les organismes de d\u00e9fense des droits de la personne soutiennent qu’il est \u00e9vident que les trois jeunes Tunisiens seraient arr\u00eat\u00e9s et tortur\u00e9s en cas de retour en Tunisie. <\/font><\/span>Amnesty International (section n\u00e9erlandaise) dans une lettre dat\u00e9e du 2 janvier 2002 avait averti les autorit\u00e9s n\u00e9erlandaises sur le danger d’une \u00e9ventuelle expulsion de Sami Ben Gharbia et de ses deux amis vers la Tunisie. Le Comit\u00e9 pour le Respect des Libert\u00e9s et des Droits de l’Homme en Tunisie (lettre de soutien du CRLDHT dat\u00e9e du 26 septembre 2001) ainsi que le Collectif de la Communaut\u00e9 Tunisienne en Europe ( lettre de soutien du1er mai 2001) ont demand\u00e9 aux autorit\u00e9s hollandaises de prot\u00e9ger Sami Ben Gharbia, Issam Zaoui et Chaker Hadri contre toute mesure de renvoi qui mettrait leur vie en danger. <\/p>\n

Je vous demande donc d’intervenir aupr\u00e8s de votre gouvernement afin d’accorder, sur la base d’une \u00e9thique de pr\u00e9caution, l’asile aux trois requ\u00e9rants, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 l’article 1-A-2 de la Convention de Gen\u00e8ve relative au statut des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s politiques. <\/p>\n

Veuillez agr\u00e9er, Monsieur l’Ambassadeur, l’_expression de ma haute consid\u00e9ration. <\/p>\n

Tunezine<\/p>\n

\u00ab Tunisie, R\u00e9veille-toi ! \u00bb<\/font><\/strong> <\/p>\n

<\/font>Adresses : <\/font>
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Allemagne
Friedrichstrasse 95
(20e en 21e etage van het IHZ)
10117 Berlin
Tel. 00-49-30-209560
Fax 00-49-30-20956411
E-mail : nlgovbln@bln.nlamb.de<\/font><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
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Angleterre
38, Hyde Park Gate
London SW7 5DP
Tel. 00-44-20-75903200
Fax 00-44-20-72250947
E-mail : mailto:political@netherlands-embassy.org.uk<\/font><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
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Belgique
Herrmann Debrouxlaan 48
1160 Brussel
Tel.00-32-2-6791711
Fax. 00-32-2-6791773
E-mail : bru@minbuza.nl of nlgovbru@euronet.be
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Canada
350 Albert Street
Suite 2020
Ottawa On. K1R 1A4
Tel. 00-1-613-2375030 t\/m 5035
Fax 00-1-613-2376471
E-mail : nlgovott@netherlandsembassy.ca<\/font><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
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Espagne
Avenida del Comandante Franco 32
28016 Madrid
Tel. 00-34-91-3537500
Fax 00-34-91-3537565
E-mail : nlgovmad@telefonica.net<\/font><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
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France
7-9 Rue Ebl\u00e9
75007 Paris
Tel. 00-33-1-40623300
Fax 00-33-1-40623456
E-mail : ambassade@amb-pays-bas.fr<\/font><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
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Luxembourg
5 rue C. M. Spoo
L-2546 Luxembourg
Tel. 00-352-227570
Fax 00-352-403016
E-mail : nlgovlux@pt.lu<\/font><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
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Italie
Via Michele Mercati 8
00197 Rome (RM)
Tel. 00-39-06-3215827 en 00-39-06-3221141 t\/m 45
Fax 00-39-06-3221440
E-mail : nlgovrom@tin.it<\/font><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
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Suisse
Kollerweg 11
3006 Bern
Tel. 00-41-31-3508700\/ 01\/ 03
Fax. 00-41-31-3508710
E-mail : par-defat@minbuza.nl
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Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken (minist\u00e8re des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res)
Postadres : Postbus 20061, 2500 EB Den Haag, Nederland
Telefoon : 070 – 3 486 486
Fax : 070 – 3 48 48 48<\/font><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
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Tunisie
6-8, Rue Meycen
1082 Tunis-Cit\u00e9 Mahrajane
Tunis
Tel. 00-21671-797724\/799442\/849354
Fax 00-21671-785557
E-mail : nlgovtun@planet.tn of tun@minbuza.nl<\/font><\/div>\n

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Nizar Trabelsi renvoy\u00e9 en correctionnelle avec 12 co-inculp\u00e9s<\/strong><\/font><\/h2>\n

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A<\/strong>FP, le 14.04.2003 \u00e0 12h18
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 BRUXELLES, 14 avr (AFP) – Nizar Trabelsi, un ancien footballeur\u00a0 professionnel tunisien arr\u00eat\u00e9 \u00e0 Bruxelles en septembre 2001 et\u00a0 soup\u00e7onn\u00e9 d’avoir voulu commettre des attentats, a \u00e9t\u00e9 renvoy\u00e9 lundi\u00a0 avec 12 co-inculp\u00e9s devant le tribunal correctionnel de Bruxelles, a\u00a0 rapport\u00e9 l’agence de presse Belga.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nizar Trabelsi, qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 en possession d’une liste\u00a0 de produits pouvant constituer un puissant explosif, a \u00e9t\u00e9 soup\u00e7onn\u00e9\u00a0 d’avoir voulu commettre un attentat contre l’ambassade des\u00a0 Etats-Unis \u00e0 Paris.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Il avait cependant affirm\u00e9 mi-novembre, dans une interview\u00a0 donn\u00e9e par t\u00e9l\u00e9phone depuis sa prison \u00e0 une t\u00e9l\u00e9vision belge, qu’il\u00a0 visait une base militaire en Belgique o\u00f9 sont stock\u00e9s des missiles\u00a0 nucl\u00e9aires am\u00e9ricains.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nizar Trabelsi avait \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 le 13 septembre 2001, deux jours\u00a0 apr\u00e8s les attentats du 11 septembre, dans un appartement de la\u00a0 capitale belge.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Parmi les autres personnes inculp\u00e9es et \u00e9galement renvoy\u00e9es en\u00a0 correctionnelle dans ce dossier figure Tarek Maaroufi, un Belge\u00a0 d’origine tunisienne pr\u00e9sum\u00e9 li\u00e9 \u00e0 Al-Qa\u00efda et soup\u00e7onn\u00e9 quant \u00e0 lui\u00a0 d’avoir aid\u00e9 les assassins du commandant Massoud, l’ancien chef de\u00a0 l’Alliance du Nord (Afghanistan), a pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 Belga qui cite le\u00a0 parquet f\u00e9d\u00e9ral.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M. Maaroufi a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 renvoy\u00e9 le 14 f\u00e9vrier dernier devant le\u00a0 tribunal correctionnel de Bruxelles avec 11 autres personnes dans le\u00a0 cadre de ce second dossier de terrorisme islamiste.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Un proc\u00e8s commun aux deux affaires, Trabelsi et Maaroufi,\u00a0 pourrait d\u00e9buter le 22 mai, selon Belga.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ahmed Massoud a \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9 dans son fief du Nord de l’Afghanistan,\u00a0 le 9 septembre 2001, par deux Tunisiens qui avaient utilis\u00e9 de faux\u00a0 passeports belges vol\u00e9s et qui avaient s\u00e9journ\u00e9 en Belgique.<\/font> <\/p>\n
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FLASH INFOS<\/font><\/div>\n
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Troisi\u00e8me \u00e9mission de canal du dialogue
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<\/strong>\u00a0
J’ai vu l’\u00e9mission d’aujourd’hui et franchement, j’ai \u00e9t\u00e9 surpris par la qualit\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0presque\u00a0\u00bb professionnelle de l’\u00e9mission. Il y avait TBH, un peu trop s\u00e9rieux pour pr\u00e9senter la politique de la chaine, puis les informations (assez fournies), puis la comm\u00e9moration du 9 avril et enfin un dossier sur l’Irak avec Marzouki, Ben sedrine et un irakien opposant \u00e0 Saddam. Ils ont annonc\u00e9 Ben Brik mais ils l’ont oubli\u00e9 dans les tiroirs. C’est sympathique comme m\u00eame.
\u00a0
<\/font>(Info publi\u00e9e par \u00ab Hammouda \u00bb sur le forum Tunezine , le 13 avril 2003 \u00e0 22h33)<\/font>
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Universit\u00e9 : Journ\u00e9es d’\u00e9tudes du S.G.E.R.S<\/font><\/h2>\n

<\/strong>
<\/font>Le syndicat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’enseignement sup\u00e9rieur et de la recherche scientifique organisera le vendredi 18 avril et le samedi 19 avril, \u00e0 l’h\u00f4tel Amilcar, sous l’\u00e9gide du bureau ex\u00e9cutif de l’UGTT deux journ\u00e9es d’\u00e9tudes consacr\u00e9es \u00e0 l’universit\u00e9.
Quatre grands th\u00e8mes seront d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s par des conf\u00e9renciers avant de faire l’objet de d\u00e9bats. M. Moncef B. Slimane \u00e9voquera \u00abla r\u00e9forme du statut de l’enseignement sup\u00e9rieur\u00bb, Mme Hafidha Ch\u00e9kir parlera du \u00abfonctionnement des structures universitaires et les libert\u00e9s acad\u00e9miques\u00bb, M. Habib Mellakh analysera \u00able syst\u00e8me des dipl\u00f4mes et des examens\u00bb et enfin M. Samir Aouadi traitera de \u00abl’avenir de l’action syndicale au sein de l’universit\u00e9\u00bb.
Le coup d’envoi de ces travaux sera donn\u00e9 donc vendredi 18 avril prochain \u00e0 11 heures.
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<\/font>(Source : Tunis Hebdo du 14 aveil 2003, d\u2019apr\u00e8s le portail Babelweb)<\/font>
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Une association est n\u00e9e<\/font><\/h2>\n

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<\/font>Il s’agit de l’\u00abInstitut de l’audit social de Tunisie\u00bb, association class\u00e9e scientifique. Ayant obtenu son visa le 19 d\u00e9cembre dernier, cette ONG s’est dot\u00e9e d’un comit\u00e9 scientifique de haut niveau. Elle se propose de mener des activit\u00e9s scientifiques dans les domaines de l’audit social, de la m\u00e9thodologie de la gestion des entreprises et des ressources humaines, d’organiser des rencontres et des s\u00e9minaires dans le domaine de l’audit social et de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 la publication d’\u00e9tudes et de recherches inh\u00e9rentes \u00e0 ce domaine.
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<\/font>(Source : La Presse du 14 aveil 2003, d\u2019apr\u00e8s le portail Babelweb)<\/font>
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Publication : Parution de la Gazelle de Tunisair<\/font><\/h2>\n

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Le dernier num\u00e9ro du Magazine de Tunisair la Gazelle vient de para\u00eetre. R\u00e9dig\u00e9 en plusieurs langues, le magazine plonge dans sa derni\u00e8re \u00e9dition dans l’histoire de la poterie et fait un d\u00e9tour du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de la M\u00e9dina de Yasmine Hammamet, un haut lieu de culture et un parc d’attractions qui ouvrira ses portes en juin 2003 aux visiteurs de tous les pays, inaugurant ainsi une conception de voyage digne du troisi\u00e8me mill\u00e9naire. Fid\u00e8le \u00e0 sa sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9, le magazine mentionne les diff\u00e9rents produits qu’on peut acheter \u00e0 bord.
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<\/font>(Source : La Presse du 14 aveil 2003, d\u2019apr\u00e8s le portail Babelweb)<\/font><\/font><\/div>\n

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Tunisian insurer Astree 2002 profit rises 2.6 pct<\/o:p><\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>TUNIS, April 14 (Reuters) – Tunisian insurance firm Astree said on Monday its net profit rose 2.7 percent to 3.313 million dinars ($2.515 million) in 2002 compared to the previous year. <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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Astree shares listed on the Tunis bourse were unchanged at 21.16 dinars in early trading on Monday. <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Brokers and analysts said Astree’s positive performance was mainly due to the absence of any big disasters last year. <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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French insurer AGF , majority owned by Germany’s Allianz AG , has a stake of about 40 percent in Astree, which has around eight percent of the insurance market in Tunisia. <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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((Reporting by Lamine Ghanmi, editing by Tom Pfeiffer; +216-71 787538 fax +216-71 787454, Reuters Messaging: lamine <\/font>ghanmi.com@reuters.net<\/font><\/a>)) <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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($=1.318 dinar)<\/font> <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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REUTERS<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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Economic briefs from chinese XINHUA agency<\/o:p><\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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TUNIS — Tunisia’s tourism revenues edged up by 3 percent in the last three months despite the US-led war on Iraq, the Central Bank of Tunisia (CBT) said. <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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Around 500,000 tourists, mostly Europeans, visited Tunisia in the last three months, earning the country 353 million dinars (267. 4 million dollars), compared with 344 million dinars (260 million dollars) in the same period last year, the Arab Al-Hayat daily quoted CBT’s officials as saying on Monday. <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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Copyright 2003 XINHUA NEWS AGENCY.<\/font><\/span><\/div>\n

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Tunisia March trade deficit widens to $146.2 mln<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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TUNIS, April 14 (Reuters) – Tunisia’s trade deficit widened to 193 million dinars ($146.21 million) in March from 176.1\u00a0 <\/span>million dinars ($133.40 million) in February, government-run\u00a0 <\/span>National Statistics Institute said on Monday. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>The value of exports rose 17.28 percent to 985.7 million\u00a0 <\/span>dinars in March over the previous month while that of imports\u00a0 <\/span>rose 15.9 percent to 1.178 billion dinars, it said. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Tunisia’s trade deficit for the first three months of this\u00a0 <\/span>year eased to 615.8 million dinars from 833.7 million dinars in\u00a0 <\/span>the same period of 2002. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Tunisia had a 3.866 billion dinars trade deficit in 2002\u00a0 <\/span>after a deficit of 4.193 billion dinars in 2001. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Data on trade for the January-March period in billions of\u00a0 <\/span>dinars: <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Jan-Mar 03\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Jan-Mar 02\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Jan-Mar 01 <\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Imports\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/b>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>3.315\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>3.167\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>3.418 <\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Exports\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/b>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>2.699\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>2.333\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>2.449 <\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Deficit\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/b>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>0.616\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>0.834\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>0.969 <\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

((Reporting by Lamine Ghanmi, +216-71 787538 fax +216-71 787454, <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Reuters Messaging: lamine ghanmi.com@reuters.net<\/a>)) <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

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(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 14 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 2003)<\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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Karthago de Belhassen Trabelsi se tourne \u00e0 la Russie\u2026<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pulkovo to Sign Cooperation Agreement with Tunisian Airline<\/strong><\/font><\/h3>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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SAINT PETERSBURG, April 11. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Tunisian company Karthago Airlines<\/i> has introduced a new regular service between St. Petersburg and Tunisia. This was announced on Wednesday, April 9 by the company’s general director Mehdi Gharbi. He said that 47,000 Russians visited Tunisia in 2002, which was 74% more than in the previous year. The company is expecting a significant increase in the number of tourists visiting Tunisia as a result of the new service. <\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

All of Karthago Airlines<\/i>‘ flights to Russia will be organised jointly with the HTL<\/i> travel agency, which will be the airline’s official representative in Russia. A treaty between Russia and Tunisia, according to which Karthago Airlines<\/i> will become Tunisia’s national carrier to Russia, will be signed soon, said Gharbi. A regular service between St. Petersburg and Monastir (Tunisia) will operate once every ten days on Wednesdays and Fridays. ‘A main aim is to increase the frequency of flights on this route, and not to compete with Pulkovo<\/i>, which until recently operated all flights from St. Petersburg to Tunisia,’ said Gharbi. ‘Karthago Airlines<\/i> and Pulkovo<\/i> will shortly sign a cooperation agreement.’ <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

(Source\u00a0: L\u2019agence priv\u00e9e de nouvelles russe Rosbaltnews le 11 avril 2003<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

http:\/\/www.rosbaltnews.com\/2003\/04\/11\/62176.html<\/font><\/span><\/a> )<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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Le cauchemar des r\u00e9gimes arabes<\/font><\/h3>\n

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par: S. Hafid<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
El Khabar, Alger, repris par Le Courrier International<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
Par pragmatisme et par r\u00e9alisme strat\u00e9gique, plusieurs r\u00e9gimes arabes ont offert leur appui ou un soutien indirect \u00e0 la coalition contre l’Irak. Ce faisant, ils ont heurt\u00e9 d’autres r\u00e9alit\u00e9s, rendant l’\u00e9quation r\u00e9gionale sujette \u00e0 des bouleversements susceptibles de se produire \u00e0 n’importe quel moment, d’autant que les am\u00e9ricains n’ont pas cach\u00e9 leur intention de \u00ab\u00a0mettre en rangs\u00a0\u00bb la r\u00e9gion et de redistribuer les r\u00f4les. <\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
S’appuyant sur la th\u00e9orie des dominos, les Etats-Unis estiment que la chute du r\u00e9gime irakien en entra\u00eenera d’autres. Ces changements annonc\u00e9s ont conduit les r\u00e9gimes arabes \u00e0 tenter d’absorber la guerre en autorisant leurs populations \u00e0 manifester dans les rues, avec le risque de voir la pression populaire se retourner contre eux. <\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
Il est s\u00fbr que ce sont les r\u00e9gimes arabes qui seront les grands perdants de cette guerre; la col\u00e8re des populations envers leurs gouvernants sera d’autant plus grande que la guerre durera plus longtemps, leur hostilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l’implantation am\u00e9ricaine dans la r\u00e9gion augmentera et les courants islamistes -en particulier les courants djihadistes- seront renforc\u00e9s. Si la rue arabe, pour l’instant, n’est pas encore assez forte pour inverser le cours des choses, dans tous les cas, la relation entre gouvernants et gouvern\u00e9s sera plus compliqu\u00e9e.<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
S. Hafid<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
(traduit de l’arabe et publi\u00e9 par Le Courrier International, N\u00b0 649, du 10 au 16 avril 2003, p 48. Transcrit par A W Hani pour les m\u00e9dias tunisiens d’information libre)<\/font><\/div>\n

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<\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/h3>\n

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–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a. <\/o:p><\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 (<\/span>allocation du revenu<\/span>) \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e). <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0623\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 .. <\/span>\u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0625\u0630\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/h4>\n

<\/font><\/font><\/h4>\n

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–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/u>:<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/h4>\n

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–\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u061f <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/u><\/font><\/h4>\n

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– \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a : <\/o:p><\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/u><\/p>\n

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–\u00a0 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a : <\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/u><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647<\/span>\u0627<\/span> \u00ab\u00a0\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642\u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u2013\u0648 \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645- \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648 \u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0648 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0645. \u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a) \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629[8]<\/span><\/a> \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646) \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c <\/span>(fonction de production)<\/span> <\/span>\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a <\/span>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 <\/span>(Indice de Takrim ou de Consid\u00e9ration de l’Homme)<\/span> \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0641\u0623) \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646: \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u00ab\u00a0\u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0622\u062f\u0645<\/i>\u00a0\u00bb (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0621\/70) <\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 : \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>C<\/span> = consommation totale<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

C0<\/sub><\/span> = <\/span><\/sub>consommation incompressible <\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

R = revenu total <\/o:p><\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u03b1<\/span><\/font> = constante <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

Th<\/sub><\/span> <\/span><\/sub>= indice de Takrim ou de consid\u00e9ration de l\u2019Homme <\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/font><\/span>Alors\u00a0:\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0C = C0<\/sub> + <\/span>\u03b1<\/span> <\/span>R Th<\/sub>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\/\u00a0 <\/span>Th <\/sub>= f (H,T,I,D) et\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>0 < <\/span>Th<\/sub> <\/span>< <\/span>1 <\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/span>Avec\u00a0: H = Haal, I = Israf (gaspillage), T = Tathir,\u00a0 <\/span>D = Darura (n\u00e9cessit\u00e9) <\/o:p><\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/o:p><\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

–\u00a0 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u061f<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/u><\/p>\n

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<\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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\n

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\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab\u00a0<\/span>\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a : \u0632\u0627\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0631\u0643\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0630\u0646\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/i><\/font>\u00ab\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/o:p><\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u0648 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0639\u0648 <\/span>\u0647\u0646\u0627 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 <\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636<\/span> <\/span>\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0647\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646<\/span> \u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 .. \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0621. <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/o:p><\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u00a0\u00bb <\/span>(\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\/104) <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/b><\/p>\n

\u062f. \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a \u2013 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 2003<\/font><\/span> <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/b><\/p>\n

\n


<\/font><\/p>\n

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[1]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span>\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629<\/u><\/i> \u060c \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u00ab\u00a0\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623<\/span>\u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u064a\u060c 2002<\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2]<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/u><\/i>\u00ab\u00a0\u060c <\/b>\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c 2000. <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c 17 \u0623\u0648\u062a 2002\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0635. 9. <\/b><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[4]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639. <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a>\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[6]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/b>C’est le commerce \u00e9quitable qui valorise les produits, rend les achats utiles et humanise le bien- \u00eatre des uns et le profit des autres. <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[7]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u00a0\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u00a0\u00bb \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642.<\/span> <\/span>\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f 30 -3-2003 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u00ab\u00a0\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0629\u00a0\u00bb. \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/span> <\/span>\u00ad\u2013 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639<\/b> \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/span>www.islamonline.net<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/b> <\/span>\u060c \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 31\/03\/2003.<\/b><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>[8]<\/span><\/b><\/span> <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f. \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0648 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 .. \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[9]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 <\/span>Ben Yamin Natanyahou<\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1997 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u00ab\u00a0\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646<\/b>\u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/span> <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>.<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>[10]<\/span> <\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0640 11% . <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u00a0\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u00a0\u00bb\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c 1993-2000<\/span>.<\/span> <\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[11]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0627 <\/span>\u0644<\/span>\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u064a<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0648 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0641\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u00a0 <\/span>\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/b>. <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[12]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u00a0\u00bb \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 <\/span>\u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0647\u0627 <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631- \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 2002. <\/span>)<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/span> <\/span><\/a>www.kate3.com<\/strong><\/a><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong>www.mokat3a.com<\/strong><\/a><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong>www.boycottamerica.org<\/strong><\/a><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong>www.boycottbush.net\/<\/strong><\/a><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong>www.boycottusa.org\/default.htm<\/strong><\/a><\/span> <\/span><\/strong><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[13]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 : \u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u00ab\u00a0\u0625\u0642\u0631\u0623<\/span>\u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627\u064a\u060c 2002<\/span> <\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[14]<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a> <\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: <\/span>Journal \u00ab\u00a020minutes\u00a0\u00bb, F\u00e9vrier, 2003. <\/o:p><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/font>\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>(\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644 19) \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0647 ‘\u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629’ ‘\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>‘.<\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0643\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f ‘\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639’ \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 ‘\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629’ \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/b>\u0648\u062d\u0630\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 ‘\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644’ \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 ‘\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>‘ <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/b>\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062a\u062d\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062a\u062d\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> ‘<\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>‘.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a ‘\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644’ \u0644\u0623\u0646 ‘\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646’ \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0635\u0641<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0625\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0636\u062f ‘\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628’ \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u064a ‘\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064a’ \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 5 \u0623\u0648 10 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646’ \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0641\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0644 15<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 ‘\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>‘ <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0644 15 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627) \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 ‘\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 ‘ \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0644\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>:
<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>1- \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.
<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>2- \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0623 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 ‘\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629’ \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062a\u062d\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0636<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0628<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0641<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0646\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062d\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 ‘\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>‘.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0648<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u060c<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0645\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0634\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 ‘\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645’ \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0633\u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/b>\u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 ‘\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a’ \u0623\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0633\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0639<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a ‘\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629’ \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/b>\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>.. <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> ‘<\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629’ \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0642\u0628\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>.<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0641\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0625\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u062d\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span>
<\/font><\/span><\/b>\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/b>\u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u06457 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 2003)<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/font><\/p>\n

<\/font>\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/span><\/b><\/font><\/font>\u00a0<\/font><\/p>\n

\n

<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0628\u064a: \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u00a0\u00bb \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

– \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u061f <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

– \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u061f <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

– \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u061f <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u062a\u0644\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0638\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646\u00a0\u00bb. <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

– \u0647\u0644 \u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0646\u061f <\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u061f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0641\u00a0\u00bb.<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0644 2003)<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\n

<\/font><\/strong>\u00a0<\/p>\n

Le lourd passif judiciaire et financier de M. Chalabi<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Jean-Pierre Stroobants<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Soutenu par le Pentagone et les \u00ab\u00a0n\u00e9oconservateurs\u00a0\u00bb de l’administration am\u00e9ricaine, consult\u00e9 par la Maison Blanche, Ahmed Chalabi ne fait pourtant pas l’unanimit\u00e9 \u00e0 Washington. Le chef du Conseil national irakien (CNI), en qui certains voient le chef d’un gouvernement int\u00e9rimaire pour l’Irak, est jug\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0fantasque et \u00e9gocentrique\u00a0\u00bb<\/i> par le d\u00e9partement d’Etat et la CIA, rapporte le New York Times<\/i>. \u00ab\u00a0Ambitieux, potentiellement d\u00e9stabilisateur, m\u00e9galomane\u00a0\u00bb<\/i>, M.\u00a0Chalabi suscite aussi la m\u00e9fiance \u00e0 cause de son pass\u00e9 judiciaire.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e9 en 1944 \u00e0 Bagdad, dans une famille influente, dipl\u00f4m\u00e9 du Massachusetts Institute of Technology et de l’universit\u00e9 de Boston, ce docteur en math\u00e9matiques a enseign\u00e9 \u00e0 l’universit\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine de Beyrouth avant de gagner Amman. C’est l\u00e0 qu’il fonde la Petra Bank, qui allait rapidement devenir le troisi\u00e8me \u00e9tablissement de Jordanie. En 1989, la banque fait faillite\u00a0; trois ans plus tard, Ahmed Chalabi est jug\u00e9 par contumace et condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 vingt-deux ans de prison pour fraude et d\u00e9tournement. Il a toujours affirm\u00e9 que cette affaire \u00e9tait le r\u00e9sultat des pressions exerc\u00e9es par Saddam Hussein sur la Jordanie.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

R\u00e9fugi\u00e9 \u00e0 Londres, o\u00f9 il fonde le CNI, il commence alors une intense campagne de lobbying aupr\u00e8s de membres du Congr\u00e8s am\u00e9ricain. La CIA le finance\u00a0: le CNI va recevoir jusqu’\u00e0 4,3\u00a0millions de dollars. En 2001, lorsque les services am\u00e9ricains s’int\u00e9resseront \u00e0 l’usage que M.\u00a0Chalabi a fait de ces dollars, le d\u00e9partement d’Etat d\u00e9terminera qu’au moins 114\u00a0000\u00a0dollars ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tourn\u00e9s. L’argent a notamment servi \u00e0 r\u00e9gler des factures de d\u00e9coration, de peinture et d’affiliation \u00e0 un club de gymnastique… Un autre audit, men\u00e9 en 2002, conclura \u00e0 l’am\u00e9lioration du contr\u00f4le interne du CNI. La CIA a toutefois continu\u00e9 \u00e0 suspecter l’opposant irakien.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Une autre affaire a \u00e9clat\u00e9 en Suisse. M.\u00a0Chalabi y a \u00e9t\u00e9 impliqu\u00e9 dans la faillite de la Socofi \u2013\u00a0un \u00e9tablissement financier bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve et contr\u00f4l\u00e9 par sa famille. Le quotidien Le Temps<\/i> affirme que, selon des experts, la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, li\u00e9e \u00e0 la Petra Bank, a laiss\u00e9 un d\u00e9couvert de 140\u00a0millions de francs suisses (93,3\u00a0millions d’euros). L\u00e0 aussi, la famille Chalabi a \u00e9voqu\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0une op\u00e9ration des services secrets irakiens\u00a0\u00bb<\/i>.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Des personnes li\u00e9es au r\u00e9gime de Bagdad \u2013\u00a0et notamment Barzan Al-Tikriti, le demi-fr\u00e8re de Saddam Hussein, qui aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9 lors d’un bombardement r\u00e9cent, ancien chef de services secrets et ex-ambassadeur \u00e0 l’ONU, \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve\u00a0\u2013 ont install\u00e9 effectivement dans la Conf\u00e9d\u00e9ration un r\u00e9seau financier au profit des dirigeants irakiens. La famille Chalabi a aussi accus\u00e9 l’ancien directeur de la Socofi, mais l’a maintenu en fonction.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

En 2000, lorsque deux de ses fr\u00e8res ont \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9s pour faux, avec sursis, M.\u00a0Chalabi n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 inqui\u00e9t\u00e9 et l’enqu\u00eate n’a pas r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 d’enrichissement personnel. Une investigation men\u00e9e par des experts ind\u00e9pendants a pourtant \u00e9voqu\u00e9, d’apr\u00e8s Le Temps<\/i>, le transfert de dettes des membres de la famille Chalabi \u00e0 des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s insolvables et l’octroi de cr\u00e9dits sans garantie \u00e0 d’autres soci\u00e9t\u00e9s appartenant \u00e0 des proches de l’opposant irakien.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

(Source: le journal le Monde du <\/span>15.04.03)<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Ahmed Chalabi, pr\u00e9sident du Conseil national irakien <\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les gens sont ravis d’\u00eatre lib\u00e9r\u00e9s mais veulent se gouverner eux-m\u00eames\u00a0\u00bb<\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Pour la principale figure de l’opposition \u00e0 l’ancien r\u00e9gime, l’ONU s’est discr\u00e9dit\u00e9e en Irak et son r\u00f4le ne peut \u00eatre \u00ab\u00a0central\u00a0\u00bb dans la reconstruction.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Vous vous trouvez actuellement dans la ville de nassiriya. comment avez-vous \u00e9t\u00e9 re\u00e7u par les irakiens\u00a0? <\/span><\/strong><\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

J’ai \u00e9t\u00e9 extr\u00eamement bien re\u00e7u.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Quel r\u00f4le entendez-vous jouer en Irak\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Je veux participer \u00e0 la reconstruction de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 compl\u00e8tement d\u00e9truite et corrompue.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Vous n’avez donc pas l’intention de jouer un r\u00f4le politique\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Absolument pas. Je ne suis candidat \u00e0 aucun poste.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Quelle est votre vision pour le prochain gouvernement de l’Irak\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Un gouvernement d\u00e9mocratique choisi par les Irakiens eux-m\u00eames.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Quel r\u00f4le, \u00e0 votre avis, la communaut\u00e9 internationale devrait-elle jouer maintenant en Irak\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

D’abord, il ne faut pas oublier que la communaut\u00e9 internationale n’a pas soutenu la guerre contre Saddam Hussein. <\/span>La France et l’Allemagne en particulier ont, de facto<\/i>, soutenu Saddam Hussein et son r\u00e9gime. Et donc, du point de vue moral, elles sont tr\u00e8s mal vues en Irak. <\/span>Comment peuvent-elles maintenant venir en Irak\u00a0? Les Irakiens ne les accepteraient jamais. Ce sont les Am\u00e9ricains qui, avec beaucoup de courage, ont fait de grands sacrifices et nous leur en sommes reconnaissants.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Vous semblez en col\u00e8re…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Si vous me trouvez en col\u00e8re, il faudrait venir en Irak et voir l’attitude des Irakiens envers certains Europ\u00e9ens, et en particulier la France. La France et l’Allemagne ont utilis\u00e9 l’ONU pour s’opposer aux peuples irakiens.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Comment voulez-vous mener la \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9-baassification\u00a0\u00bb de l’Irak\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Nous sommes contre l’assassinat et l’humiliation des individus appartenant au parti Baas. En m\u00eame temps, nous sommes pour la destruction totale de ce parti. Ils doivent nous dire o\u00f9 se trouvent certains individus et biens publics qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vol\u00e9s.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Quel est votre avis sur le gouvernement provisoire am\u00e9ricain\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Il n’y a pas de gouvernement provisoire am\u00e9ricain. Le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Jay Garner –responsable de l’Office de la reconstruction et de l’assistance humanitaire<\/i>– et son \u00e9quipe sont l\u00e0 pour r\u00e9installer les services publics, un travail qui devrait s’achever d’ici \u00e0 quelques semaines. L’autorit\u00e9 int\u00e9rimaire sera choisie par les Irakiens, un comit\u00e9 d’experts r\u00e9digera un projet de Constitution, qui sera mis au r\u00e9f\u00e9rendum.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Vous avez dit vous-m\u00eame que les Am\u00e9ricains devraient rester en Irak pendant au moins deux ans.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Oui, ils doivent rester deux ans. Mais pas pour gouverner. Les gens sont ravis d’avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 lib\u00e9r\u00e9s par les Am\u00e9ricains mais veulent se gouverner eux-m\u00eames.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Qui devrait s’occuper de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du pays et emp\u00eacher les pillages\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ce sont les Irakiens, une fois de plus, qui s’en chargent. De plus, les Forces irakiennes libres le font d\u00e9j\u00e0. Cette force est pr\u00e9sente \u00e0 Nassiriya, \u00e0 Mossoul et \u00e0 Kirkouk. <\/span>Elle est \u00e0 cinquante kilom\u00e8tres de Bagdad. Elle est \u00e9quip\u00e9e et entra\u00een\u00e9e et peut devenir le noyau de l’arm\u00e9e irakienne.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Qui a compos\u00e9 ces \u00ab\u00a0Forces irakiennes libres\u00a0\u00bb?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Cette force a \u00e9t\u00e9 form\u00e9e au nord de l’Irak.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Quel r\u00f4le pr\u00e9voyez-vous pour l’ONU\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Je ne crois pas que l’Organisation des Nations unies pourrait jouer un r\u00f4le central en Irak. Elle est devenu de facto<\/i>alli\u00e9e de Saddam Hussein. L’Irak \u00e9tait la plus grande exp\u00e9rience politique de l’ONU et elle a \u00e9chou\u00e9. Elle aurait d\u00fb par exemple cr\u00e9er un tribunal ad hoc<\/i>.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Souhaitez-vous qu’un tribunal ad hoc<\/i> soit cr\u00e9\u00e9 maintenant\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

C’est trop tard pour l’ONU. Les Irakiens eux-m\u00eames vont cr\u00e9er un tel tribunal.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Quelle sont vos pr\u00e9occupations principales\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Tout d’abord la r\u00e9installation des services publics. Puis, la \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9-baassification\u00a0\u00bb car nous savons que les baassistes sont en train de se regrouper.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

La brigade Al-Badr, qui se trouve en Iran, devrait-elle maintenant rentrer en Irak\u00a0?<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Bien \u00e9videmment. Ce sont des Irakiens qui se sont oppos\u00e9s pendant des ann\u00e9es \u00e0 Saddam Hussein. Ils devraient rentrer.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Que dites-vous de l’assassinat de l’hodjatoleslam Abdul Majid Al-Kho\u00ef. <\/span>Pourquoi a-t-il \u00e9t\u00e9 assassin\u00e9\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

C’\u00e9tait un homme courageux. Quant \u00e0 son assassinat, selon des informations pr\u00e9liminaires, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 assassin\u00e9 parce qu’il se trouvait en compagnie d’un homme, Haider Al-Kadar, un homme d\u00e9test\u00e9 par les Irakiens, un homme tr\u00e8s proche du r\u00e9gime de Saddam Hussein.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Que savez-vous des rumeurs selon lesquelles certains responsables du r\u00e9gime se trouvent en Syrie\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Je ne sais pas grand-chose \u00e0 ce sujet.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Quand l’opposition compte-t-elle annoncer la composition de l’autorit\u00e9 int\u00e9rimaire irakienne\u00a0?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u00e8s prochainement…<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Propos recueillis (par t\u00e9l\u00e9phone depuis T\u00e9h\u00e9ran) par Afsan\u00e9 Bassir <\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

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(Source: le journal le Monde du <\/span>15.04.03)<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u201cquelque 30\u00a0000 militaires irakiens ont probablement \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9s en trois semaines par ces bombardements\u201d<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

un officier britannique<\/o:p><\/span><\/u><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Les bombardements a\u00e9riens ont probablement fait de nombreuses victimes<\/o:p><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Jacques Isnard<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Les bombardements sur l’Irak auront \u00e9t\u00e9 plus intenses en trois semaines, cette fois-ci, que durant les cinq semaines de frappes a\u00e9riennes lors de la premi\u00e8re guerre du Golfe. Des prisonniers irakiens, qui s’\u00e9taient d\u00e9j\u00e0 battus en 1991, ont dit l’avoir v\u00e9cu ainsi \u00e0 leurs gardiens britanniques. Leur sentiment est confort\u00e9 par les premiers bilans de la campagne conduite contre le r\u00e9gime irakien.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

En trois semaines, plus de 30\u00a0000 sorties a\u00e9riennes et le rythme, depuis, est demeur\u00e9 soutenu\u00a0: plus d’un millier par jour. Au total, 24\u00a0000 munitions largu\u00e9es, dont 70\u00a0% de bombes dites guid\u00e9es (au lieu de 7\u00a0% il y a douze ans), et quelque 800 missiles de croisi\u00e8re Tomahawk. Pour la premi\u00e8re fois de son histoire, l’arm\u00e9e de l’air am\u00e9ricaine a align\u00e9 la gamme compl\u00e8te de ses bombardiers, depuis le vieux B-52 (modernis\u00e9 pour lancer des bombes CBU-105 \u00e0 sous-munitions) jusqu’au B-1 supersonique \u00e0 fl\u00e8che variable, en passant par le B-2 \u00ab\u00a0furtif\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e0 2,2\u00a0milliards de dollars (autant en euros) l’exemplaire.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Qu’ils frappent des cibles strat\u00e9giques, des sites sensibles ou des concentrations de troupes, les avions de la coalition sont rest\u00e9s en patrouille permanente, jour et nuit, au-dessus de leurs objectifs, \u00e0 commencer par les villes irakiennes. Le cas le plus spectaculaire est ce B-1, en \u00ab\u00a0hippodrome\u00a0\u00bb au-dessus de Bagdad, qui a largu\u00e9, le 7\u00a0avril, ses quatre bombes GBU-31 d’une tonne douze minutes apr\u00e8s que les coordonn\u00e9es de sa cible (qualifi\u00e9e de \u00ab\u00a0Big One\u00a0\u00bb<\/i> par l’\u00e9tat-major am\u00e9ricain, autrement dit Saddam Hussein ou ses proches) sont parvenues \u00e0 son \u00e9quipage.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

A n’en pas douter, la d\u00e9b\u00e2cle des arm\u00e9es irakiennes et, ici ou l\u00e0, la faiblesse de leur r\u00e9sistance face \u00e0 la progression terrestre de la coalition anglo-am\u00e9ricaine, trouvent leur cause dans ce \u00ab\u00a0matraquage\u00a0\u00bb constant et syst\u00e9matique, avant et pendant la man\u0153uvre terrestre. A Tikrit, c’est un des chefs de tribu dans le fief de Saddam Hussein qui exhorte les responsables am\u00e9ricains \u00e0 cesser les bombardements pour d\u00e9poser les armes. A la BBC, c’est un officier de la Garde r\u00e9publicaine, fait prisonnier \u00e0 Bagdad, qui rapporte que le seul mot d’ordre donn\u00e9 aux troupes \u00e9tait\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Surtout, \u00e9vitez les bombes\u00a0\u00bb<\/i>. <\/span>Ce qui n’a pas emp\u00each\u00e9 de nombreuses d\u00e9sertions de soldats irakiens, admet-il.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Dans le conflit actuel, l’attention de la plupart des observateurs a \u00e9t\u00e9 attir\u00e9e par le fait que le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Tommy Franks, le commandant en chef des forces de la coalition, avait innov\u00e9 en couplant offensive terrestre et raids a\u00e9riens \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence de 1991. Mais, en r\u00e9alit\u00e9, la campagne de bombardements se sera r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9e aussi lourde de cons\u00e9quences, sinon plus que la pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente, en semant la mort et suscitant la crainte dans la population et parmi les combattants.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

Interrog\u00e9 par le Financial Times<\/i> du 11\u00a0avril, avant la chute de Tikrit, un officier britannique en poste \u00e0 Qatar, le commandement central des op\u00e9rations, emploie le mot de \u00ab\u00a0carnage\u00a0\u00bb <\/i>pour \u00e9voquer certaines frappes a\u00e9riennes. <\/span>Sans pouvoir dresser un d\u00e9compte des pertes civiles, il consid\u00e8re que quelque 30\u00a0000 militaires irakiens ont probablement \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9s en trois semaines par ces bombardements.<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/o:p><\/span><\/p>\n

(Source: le journal le Monde du <\/span>15.04.03) <\/p>\n
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Un requin g\u00e9ant \u00e9chou\u00e9 sur les c\u00f4tes tunisiennes<\/font><\/font><\/font><\/h5>\n

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<\/font>\u00a0<\/div>\n
Associated Press, le 14.04.2003 \u00e0 15h27
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TUNIS (AP) — Un requin long de 11 m\u00e8tres et pesant trois tonnes s’est \u00e9chou\u00e9 la semaine derni\u00e8re pr\u00e8s des c\u00f4tes de la ville de Sfax, sur le littoral du sud tunisien, rapporte lundi le journal
\u00ab\u00a0Tunis-Hebdo\u00a0\u00bb.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 De type requin p\u00e9lerin, ce mastodonte marin a \u00e9t\u00e9 pris dans les filets d’une petite barque de p\u00eache dont le capitaine, Salem Gabsi, et ses matelots ne s’attendaient pas \u00e0 une telle prise. Il \u00e9tait aussi grand que l’embarcation elle-m\u00eame et il lui aurait suffi d’un simple coup de t\u00eate, au sens figur\u00e9 ou litt\u00e9ral, pour envoyer la barque au fond des eaux, commente non sans humour le journal.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L’effet de panique pass\u00e9, les p\u00eacheurs s’\u00e9tant rendu compte qu’il \u00e9tait agonisant, le poisson g\u00e9ant emp\u00e9tr\u00e9 dans les mailles des filets du bateau \u00ab\u00a0Batal\u00a0\u00bb (H\u00e9ros) a \u00e9t\u00e9 tra\u00een\u00e9 avec pr\u00e9caution
jusqu’au port de Sfax, o\u00f9 il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9coup\u00e9 en quartiers et vendu pour la bagatelle de 500 dinars (environ 350 euros).
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selon \u00ab\u00a0Tunis-Hebdo\u00a0\u00bb, c’est la troisi\u00e8me fois en deux ans qu’un requin p\u00e9lerin \u00e9tranger \u00e0 la mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e s’\u00e9choue accidentellement dans cette zone du littoral tunisien.
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Compl\u00e8tement inoffensif et se nourrissant de planctons marins, il vit habituellement dans les profondeurs oc\u00e9anographiques et fait partie d’une esp\u00e8ce en voie d’extinction, ajoute le journal.<\/font><\/div>\n

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Mondial 2010, vers une candidature commune de l’Union maghr\u00e9bine <\/span><\/b>
L’Alg\u00e9rie postule<\/font>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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A. Bounaceur\u00a0
<\/em>\u00a0<\/span>
Apr\u00e8s le Nigeria et son projet de co-organisation de la Coupe du monde de football masculin de 2010 \u00e0 cinq, selon des sources proches des responsables du sport maghr\u00e9bin, c’est au tour des responsables alg\u00e9riens du sport, en concertation avec leurs homologues tunisiens et marocains, d’envisager une co-organisation \u00e0 trois.<\/font><\/p>\n

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En effet, les dirigeants du football alg\u00e9rien ne d\u00e9sesp\u00e8rent pas de convaincre leurs homologues marocains et tunisiens de constituer une candidature commune pour l’organisation du Mondial 2010, promis au continent africain par la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration internationale de football association (FIFA) en 2001. Un premier dossier sera soumis, dans quelques jours, aux deux voisins de l’Alg\u00e9rie. <\/p>\n

<\/font><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/font>
Ces pays ont encore quelques jours devant eux pour se d\u00e9cider en faveur ou non d’une candidature \u00e0 trois. Les uns et les autres ayant affirm\u00e9, en d\u00e9cembre dernier, leur \u00ab d\u00e9claration d’intention \u00bb \u00e0 la FIFA qui leur a, en retour, adress\u00e9 le cahier des charges r\u00e9actualis\u00e9. C’est donc certainement au vu du poids des charges (trop lourdes) que requiert une telle organisation que l’Alg\u00e9rie en vient \u00e0 souhaiter une \u00ab d\u00e9claration d’engagement \u00bb commune avec ses voisins de Nord-Est et du Nord-Ouest. Ils ont jusqu’au 30 avril prochain pour le faire. <\/strong><\/o:p><\/font><\/p>\n

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Les dossiers proprement dits seront pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s \u00e0 la FIFA avant le 31 ao\u00fbt 2003. M\u00eame si en filigrane de cette candidature commune se dessine le projet de l’Union du Maghreb arabe (UMA r\u00e9activ\u00e9e en d\u00e9cembre \u00e0 Alger). L’id\u00e9e, selon les responsables du sport alg\u00e9rien, est de maximiser les chances du Maghreb d’accueillir la prestigieuse comp\u00e9tition face \u00e0 la concurrence de l’Afrique du Sud.<\/strong> Les chances du Nigeria sont quelque peu faibles depuis que le pr\u00e9sident de la FIFA, Sepp Blatter, s’est dit d\u00e9favorable au projet de co-organisation \u00e0 cinq, tel qu’envisag\u00e9 par ce pays. <\/o:p><\/font><\/p>\n

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Ce d’autant plus que d’apr\u00e8s le Suisse, les quatre autres pays cit\u00e9s par le Nigeria (Cameroun, Togo, Ghana et B\u00e9nin) \u00ab n’ont pas d\u00e9pos\u00e9 leur candidature \u00bb. Ce n’est, en effet, pas la premi\u00e8re fois que l’id\u00e9e d’une co-organisation est \u00e9mise dans le Maghreb. En novembre 2002, alors qu’il ne s’agit encore que de d\u00e9poser des \u00ab d\u00e9clarations d’intention \u00bb \u00e0 la FIFA, la Tunisie voit bien un projet commun avec les autres pays de la sous-r\u00e9gion. <\/o:p><\/font><\/p>\n

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De nombreuses personnes influentes des milieux du football du Caire (Egypte) et de Zurich (Suisse) estiment que sur les six concurrents (Afrique du Sud, Nigeria, Maroc, Libye, Tunisie, Alg\u00e9rie) \u00e0 l’organisation de ce premier Mondial africain, la comp\u00e9tition pourra r\u00e9ellement avoir lieu entre l’Afrique du Sud (de par son poids \u00e9conomique) et le Maroc (candidat par deux fois) qui a manqu\u00e9 de justesse d’organiser la Coupe du monde de 2006, attribu\u00e9e \u00e0 l’Allemagne. <\/font><\/span>Le verdict tombera en d\u00e9cembre 2003 en Allemagne.
\u00a0<\/span><\/o:p><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

(<\/span>Source: <\/span>http:\/\/www.lematin-dz.net<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/font>, du 14 avril 2003 d\u2019apr\u00e9s un message envoy\u00e9 par M. A. Al Hani)<\/font><\/span><\/font><\/div>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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