{"id":20647,"date":"2005-05-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2005-05-13T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/13-mai-2005\/"},"modified":"2005-05-13T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2005-05-13T00:00:00","slug":"13-mai-2005","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tunisnews.net\/ar\/13-mai-2005\/","title":{"rendered":"13 mai 2005"},"content":{"rendered":"

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TUNISNEWS<\/strong><\/span><\/span> <\/font> <\/font> <\/div>\n

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6\u00a0\u00e8me\u00a0ann\u00e9e, N\u00b0 1819 du 13.05.2005<\/font><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/font><\/div>\n
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LES MUSULMANS REAGISSENT DUREMENT A LA PROFANATION DU CORAN PAR DES AMERICAINS A GUANTANAMO Comit\u00e9 international Pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou: Mohamed Abbou : encore une le\u00e7on de dignit\u00e9<\/font> Comit\u00e9 international Pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou: Le CILMA chez les Socialistes Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res: Les autorit\u00e9s continuent de harceler Hamadi Jebali<\/font> Des membres de l’IFEX appellent les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes \u00e0 mettre un terme au harc\u00e8lement de Lotfi Hajji Say to the whole world….\u00a0 Official statement of the prisoner Adel Ben Mohammed Ben Tahar Rahali<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Reuters: Textile- Devedjian demande \u00e0 la Chine une concurrence loyale AFP: L’Italienne Emma Bonino n’est plus dans la course \u00e0 la direction du HCR<\/font>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/font><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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Kamel Labidi: Stifled Tunisia gets a UN reward Citoyen sans dignit\u00e9 dans son pays: Les robes noires libres sont notre s\u00e9rieuse chance pour vaincre la dictature<\/font> Sadreddine Sarray: Le miracle Sud Am\u00e9ricain<\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

S. Abdallah Schleifer: The impact of arab satellite television on the prospects for democracy in the arab world<\/span><\/div>\n

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Pour afficher les caract\u00e8res arabes\u00a0<\/font> suivre la d\u00e9marche suivante<\/font> : Affichage<\/font> \/ Codage<\/font> \/ Arabe ( Windows )<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

To read arabic<\/font> text click on the View<\/font>\u00a0then Encoding <\/font>then <\/font> Arabic (Windows).<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n

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LES MUSULMANS REAGISSENT DUREMENT A LA PROFANATION DU CORAN PAR DES AMERICAINS A GUANTANAMO<\/font><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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Profanation pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e du Coran: des manifestants \u00e0 Jakarta exigent des excuses<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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AFP, le 13.05.2005 \u00e0 11h48<\/font><\/em><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 JAKARTA, 13 mai (AFP) – Plusieurs centaines de musulmans ont\u00a0 exig\u00e9 vendredi \u00e0 Jakarta des excuses de Washington, apr\u00e8s avoir\u00a0 entendu les all\u00e9gations de profanation du Coran par des Am\u00e9ricains\u00a0 dans le camp de Guantanamo, a annonc\u00e9\u00a0 l’agence officielle Antara. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les manifestants se sont rassembl\u00e9s dans le calme dans une\u00a0 mosqu\u00e9e de la capitale du plus grand pays musulman du monde. Ils ont\u00a0 lu un communiqu\u00e9 critiquant les faits pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s et soumis \u00e0 enqu\u00eate. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Nous exigeons du gouvernement am\u00e9ricain des excuses aux\u00a0 musulmans du monde entier et qu’il punisse les auteurs\u00a0\u00bb, indiquait\u00a0 le texte cit\u00e9 par Antara. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Une autre manifestation similaire a eu lieu dans la ville de\u00a0 Makassar, un bastion musulman de l’\u00eele de C\u00e9l\u00e8bes. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Le minist\u00e8re des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res indon\u00e9sien a de son c\u00f4t\u00e9\u00a0 demand\u00e9 \u00e0 Washington de mener \u00e0 terme l’enqu\u00eate, en estimant que si\u00a0 les faits \u00e9taient av\u00e9r\u00e9s ils seraient immoraux. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les Etats-Unis cherchent \u00e0 apaiser le monde musulman apr\u00e8s les\u00a0 all\u00e9gations de profanations du Coran sur leur base de Guantanamo\u00a0 (Cuba), qui ont suscit\u00e9 de vives r\u00e9actions dans plusieurs pays\u00a0 alli\u00e9s comme l’Afghanistan, le Pakistan et l’Arabie saoudite. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Une bonne partie de la population de l’Indon\u00e9sie, dont pr\u00e8s de\u00a0 90% des 220 millions d’habitants sont musulmans, pense que les\u00a0 Etats-Unis oppriment l’islam. L’archipel a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 oppos\u00e9 \u00e0\u00a0 l’op\u00e9ration militaire des Etats-Unis et de leurs alli\u00e9s contre\u00a0 l’Irak. <\/span> <\/p>\n

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Le Coran profan\u00e9: mort d’\u00e9meutiers en Afghanistan, la col\u00e8re fait tache d’huile <\/span><\/p>\n

AFP, le 13.05.2005 \u00e0 15h25<\/span><\/em><\/h4>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 KABOUL, 13 mai (AFP) – La profanation pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e du Coran par des\u00a0 militaires am\u00e9ricains sur la base de Guantanamo a suscit\u00e9 vendredi\u00a0 de nouvelles manifestations meurtri\u00e8res en Afghanistan, tandis que\u00a0 la col\u00e8re a gagn\u00e9 d’autres pays musulmans en d\u00e9pit des paroles\u00a0 d’apaisement de Washington. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 En Aghanistan, qui conna\u00eet le plus grand mouvement\u00a0 anti-am\u00e9ricain depuis la chute des talibans en novembre 2001, au\u00a0 moins sept personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es vendredi au cours de\u00a0 rassemblements. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Quatres personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es \u00e0 la suite de manifestations\u00a0 dans la province de Ghazni et une vingtaine de personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0 bless\u00e9es, dont le chef de la police locale. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Au moins trois autres personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es et 22 bless\u00e9es au\u00a0 cours d’une manifestation d’un millier de personnes \u00e0 Faizabad,\u00a0 capitale de la province du Badakshan (nord-est du pays). <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ces incidents portent \u00e0 quatorze morts et une centaine de\u00a0 bless\u00e9s le bilan des victimes dans les manifestations qui se sont\u00a0 multipli\u00e9es depuis mardi en Afghanistan, apr\u00e8s la publication\u00a0 d’informations de l’hebdomadaire am\u00e9ricain Newsweek affirmant que\u00a0 des enqu\u00eateurs de la base am\u00e9ricaine de Guantanamo, \u00e0 Cuba, ont\u00a0 profan\u00e9 le Coran en le pla\u00e7ant dans les toilettes du camp. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 La base de Guantanamo abrite un centre de d\u00e9tention pour des\u00a0 personnes arr\u00eat\u00e9es par les forces am\u00e9ricaines, principalement en\u00a0 Afghanistan, dans le cadre de la \u00ab\u00a0guerre contre le terrorisme\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9e par les Etats-Unis apr\u00e8s les attentats du 11 septembre\u00a0 2001. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Le Pentagone avait assur\u00e9 jeudi que les premiers r\u00e9sultats\u00a0 d’enqu\u00eate ne permettaient pas de confirmer les faits, tandis que la\u00a0 secr\u00e9taire d’Etat, Condoleezza Rice, s’adressait \u00ab\u00a0aux musulmans en\u00a0 Am\u00e9rique et partout dans le monde\u00a0\u00bb pour tenter de calmer le jeu. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Nous honorons les livres sacr\u00e9s de toutes les grandes religions\u00a0 du monde. Un manque de respect pour le Coran est pour nous tous\u00a0 quelque chose d’odieux (…) La libert\u00e9 de religion pour tous est un\u00a0 des principes fondateurs des Etats-Unis\u00a0\u00bb, avait d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Mme Rice, en\u00a0 promettant \u00ab\u00a0des mesures ad\u00e9quates\u00a0\u00bb si les faits sont prouv\u00e9s. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ces propos n’ont apparemment pas enray\u00e9 la col\u00e8re qui a gagn\u00e9\u00a0 vendredi d’autres pays. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Plusieurs milliers de Pakistanais ont manifest\u00e9 vendredi sans\u00a0 incident dans toutes les grandes villes du pays, aux cris de \u00ab\u00a0Mort \u00e0\u00a0 l’Am\u00e9rique\u00a0\u00bb. Les slogans hostiles visaient le pr\u00e9sident am\u00e9ricain\u00a0 George W. Bush, mais aussi le pr\u00e9sident pakistanais Pervez\u00a0 Musharraf, un des alli\u00e9s cl\u00e9s des Etats-Unis dans leur lutte contre\u00a0 le terrorisme lanc\u00e9e \u00e0 l’automne 2001. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Plusieurs centaines de musulmans ont exig\u00e9 vendredi dans le\u00a0 calme des excuses de Washington, \u00e0 Jakarta, en Indon\u00e9sie. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Quelque 2.000 personnes ont manifest\u00e9 dans la bande de Gaza et\u00a0 400 en Cisjordanie scandant des slogans anti-am\u00e9ricains, apr\u00e8s la\u00a0 pri\u00e8re du vendredi. Un drapeau am\u00e9ricain et un drapeau isra\u00e9lien ont\u00a0 \u00e9t\u00e9 br\u00fbl\u00e9s par les manifestants. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 En Irak, des imams chiite et sunnite ont \u00e9galement vivement\u00a0 protest\u00e9 pendant la pri\u00e8re du vendredi. En Egypte, les Fr\u00e8res\u00a0 musulmans ont exprim\u00e9 vendredi leur \u00ab\u00a0vive col\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb et ont demand\u00e9 des\u00a0 excuses publiques de Washington. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Plusieurs pays pays ont r\u00e9agi officiellement. L’Arabie saoudite,\u00a0 alli\u00e9e de Washington, a demand\u00e9 une enqu\u00eate \u00ab\u00a0rapide\u00a0\u00bb. La Libye a\u00a0 d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 des \u00ab\u00a0agissements irresponsables et immoraux\u00a0\u00bb, estimant\u00a0 qu’ils \u00e9taient susceptibles de nourrir un peu plus le terrorisme. Le\u00a0 minist\u00e8re indon\u00e9sien des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res a demand\u00e9 \u00e0 Washington\u00a0 de mener \u00e0 terme l’enqu\u00eate, en estimant que si les faits \u00e9taient av\u00e9r\u00e9s ils seraient immoraux. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L’affaire des profanations complique sans conteste les efforts\u00a0 des Etats-Unis pour redresser leur image dans le monde musulman,\u00a0 tr\u00e8s d\u00e9grad\u00e9e par la guerre en Irak et les s\u00e9vices commis par des\u00a0 soldats am\u00e9ricains sur des prisonniers irakiens dans la prison\u00a0 d’Abou Ghra\u00efb, pr\u00e8s de Bagdad. <\/span><\/p>\n

AFP\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/h5>\n

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Profanation pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e du Coran: d\u00e9but de protestations dans le monde arabe<\/span><\/h5>\n
par Habib TRABELSI<\/span><\/h5>\n
AFP, le 13.05.2005 \u00e0 14h00<\/span><\/em>\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/h5>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 DUBAI, 13 mai (AFP) – La profanation pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e du Coran sur la\u00a0 base am\u00e9ricaine de Guantanamo, qui a provoqu\u00e9 des \u00e9meutes\u00a0 meurtri\u00e8res en Afghanistan, commence \u00e0 susciter des r\u00e9actions dans\u00a0 le monde arabe, l’Arabie, exigeant une \u00ab\u00a0enqu\u00eate\u00a0\u00bb et les Fr\u00e8res\u00a0 musulmans des excuses de Washington. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Des milliers de personnes ont manifest\u00e9 dans la bande de Gaza et\u00a0 en Cisjordanie scandant des slogans anti-am\u00e9ricains, tandis qu’en\u00a0 Irak, ce sont des imams qui ont r\u00e9agi lors de la pri\u00e8re\u00a0 hebdomadaire. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Seul deux pays arabes ont r\u00e9agi officiellement. L’Arabie\u00a0 saoudite, alli\u00e9e de Washington, a demand\u00e9 une enqu\u00eate \u00ab\u00a0rapide\u00a0\u00bb et\u00a0 des \u00ab\u00a0mesures de dissuasion\u00a0\u00bb si les faits sont confirm\u00e9s. La Libye a\u00a0 de son c\u00f4t\u00e9 d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 des \u00ab\u00a0agissements irresponsables et immoraux\u00a0\u00bb,\u00a0 estimant qu’il \u00e9taient susceptibles de nourrir un peu plus le\u00a0 terrorisme. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les autorit\u00e9s saoudiennes, alli\u00e9es de Washington, \u00ab\u00a0sont\u00a0 embarrass\u00e9es\u00a0\u00bb, leur pays \u00ab\u00a0abritant les deux premiers lieux saints de\u00a0 l’islam\u00a0\u00bb, La Mecque et M\u00e9dine, estime l’universitaire qatariote\u00a0 Abderrahmane ben Omeir Noua\u00efmi, pr\u00e9sident de l'\u00a0\u00bbAssociation\u00a0 Al-Karama de d\u00e9fense des droits de l’Homme\u00a0\u00bb, bas\u00e9e \u00e0 Gen\u00e8ve. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selon des informations de la presse am\u00e9ricaine, des\u00a0 interrogateurs \u00e0 Guantanamo ont plac\u00e9 des exemplaires du Coran dans\u00a0 les toilettes de la base pour irriter les prisonniers musulmans. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 En Egypte, les Fr\u00e8res musulmans ont dit vendredi leur \u00ab\u00a0extr\u00eame\u00a0 col\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb et ont demand\u00e9 des excuses publiques de Washington. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Les Fr\u00e8res musulmans ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9branl\u00e9s par les informations sur\u00a0 une profanation du Coran par les enqu\u00eateurs am\u00e9ricains \u00e0\u00a0 Guantanamo\u00a0\u00bb, affirme le guide supr\u00eame du mouvement, Mohamed Mahdi\u00a0 Akef, dans un communiqu\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Le mouvement \u00ab\u00a0exprime son extr\u00eame col\u00e8re, condamne et d\u00e9plore\u00a0 fermement cet acte odieux et humiliant et demande au gouvernement\u00a0 am\u00e9ricain de pr\u00e9senter publiquement ses excuses\u00a0\u00bb aux musulmans. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dans son communiqu\u00e9, la confr\u00e9rie parle d’un nouvel \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9pisode\u00a0 d’une s\u00e9rie d’atteintes port\u00e9es aux valeurs sacr\u00e9es de l’islam\u00a0\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Le r\u00e9dacteur en chef du quotidien arabe londonien Al-Qods\u00a0 Al-Arabi, Abdel Bari Atwan, d\u00e9nonce le silence officiel des pays\u00a0 arabes: \u00ab\u00a0Le monde arabe est totalement soumis aux Etats-Unis. Les\u00a0 autorit\u00e9s, les oul\u00e9mas et les m\u00e9dias officiels ne r\u00e9agissent qu’avec\u00a0 le feu vert de Washington\u00a0\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dans la bande de Gaza, 2.000 personnes, brandissant des\u00a0 exemplaires du Coran et des drapeaux du Hamas, ont manifest\u00e9 dans le\u00a0 camp de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s de Jabaliya apr\u00e8s la grande pri\u00e8re du vendredi. Un\u00a0 drapeau am\u00e9ricain et un drapeau isra\u00e9lien ont \u00e9t\u00e9 br\u00fbl\u00e9s par les\u00a0 manifestants. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A H\u00e9bron (sud de la Cisjordanie), quelque 400 fid\u00e8les musulmans\u00a0 ont protest\u00e9 apr\u00e8s la pri\u00e8re du vendredi au Caveau des Patriarches. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 En Irak, des imams ont protest\u00e9 lors de la pri\u00e8re du vendredi.\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Nous d\u00e9non\u00e7ons les profanations du Coran commises par des soldats\u00a0 am\u00e9ricains \u00e0 Guantanamo\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 cheikh Abdel Zahra Souayidi,\u00a0 partisan du chef radical chiite Moqtada Sadr. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0A Guantanamo, le Coran est d\u00e9chir\u00e9 et jet\u00e9 dans les toilettes\u00a0 alors que les musulmans ne l\u00e8vent pas le pouce\u00a0\u00bb, a dit de son c\u00f4t\u00e9\u00a0 cheikh Ahmed Abdel Ghafour al-Samarra\u00ef, membre du Comit\u00e9 des oul\u00e9mas\u00a0 d’Irak, principale organisation de religieux sunnites du pays. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Un internaute, se faisant appeler \u00ab\u00a0Oussma Amine\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e9crit vendredi\u00a0 sur un site islamiste, que \u00ab\u00a0la profanation du Coran par les\u00a0 Am\u00e9ricains n’est pas nouvelle. La cha\u00eene satellitaire qatariote\u00a0 Al-Jazira a diffus\u00e9 il y a plus d’un an, une rencontre avec un\u00a0 ex-prisonnier \u00e0 Guantanamo, le Marocain Mohammed Mazzouz, affirmant\u00a0 que des exemplaires du Coran avaient \u00e9t\u00e9 jet\u00e9s dans les toilettes. <\/span><\/p>\n

AFP\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/h6>\n

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Profanations pr\u00e9sum\u00e9es du Coran: des imams d’Irak disent leur indignation<\/span><\/h6>\n
AFP, le 13.05.2005 \u00e0 13h14<\/span><\/em><\/h6>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 BAGDAD, 13 mai (AFP) – Des imams d’Irak ont d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 lors de la\u00a0 pri\u00e8re du vendredi les profanations pr\u00e9sum\u00e9es du Coran par des\u00a0 soldats am\u00e9ricains dans le camp de Guantanamo. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Nous d\u00e9non\u00e7ons les profanations du Coran commises par des\u00a0 soldats am\u00e9ricains \u00e0 Guantanamo\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 cheikh Abdel Zahra\u00a0 Souayidi, du courant du chef radical chiite Moqtada Sadr lors de son\u00a0 pr\u00eache \u00e0 Sadr City, grand quartier chiite de Bagdad. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0A Guantanamo, le Coran est d\u00e9chir\u00e9 et jet\u00e9 dans les toilettes\u00a0 alors que les musulmans ne l\u00e8vent pas le pouce\u00a0\u00bb, a dit cheikh Ahmed\u00a0 Abdel Ghafour al-Samarra\u00ef, membre du Comit\u00e9 des oul\u00e9mas d’Irak \u00e0 la\u00a0 mosqu\u00e9e Oum al-Qoura, si\u00e8ge de cette association de religieux\u00a0 sunnites \u00e0 Bagdad. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les Etats-Unis cherchent \u00e0 apaiser les musulmans apr\u00e8s les\u00a0 all\u00e9gations de profanations du Coran sur leur base de Guantanamo\u00a0 (Cuba), qui ont suscit\u00e9 de vives r\u00e9actions dans plusieurs pays\u00a0 alli\u00e9s comme l’Afghanistan, le Pakistan et l’Arabie saoudite. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selon des informations de la presse am\u00e9ricaine, des\u00a0 interrogateurs \u00e0 Guantanamo ont plac\u00e9 des exemplaires du Coran dans\u00a0 les toilettes de la base pour irriter les prisonniers musulmans. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 La base de Guantanamo abrite un centre de d\u00e9tention pour des\u00a0 personnes arr\u00eat\u00e9es par les forces am\u00e9ricaines, principalement en\u00a0 Afghanistan, dans le cadre de la \u00ab\u00a0guerre contre le terrorisme\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9e par les Etats-Unis apr\u00e8s les attentats du 11 septembre\u00a0 2001. <\/span> <\/p>\n

AFP\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/h6>\n

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Profanation pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e du Coran: les Fr\u00e8res musulmans \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9branl\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0en col\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/h3>\n

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AFP, le 13.05.2005 \u00e0 13h01 <\/span><\/em><\/h6>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 LE CAIRE, 13 mai (AFP) – Les Fr\u00e8res musulmans ont dit vendredi\u00a0 leur \u00ab\u00a0extr\u00eame col\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 la suite de la publication d’informations de\u00a0 presse selon lesquelles des exemplaires du Coran auraient \u00e9t\u00e9\u00a0 profan\u00e9s sur la base am\u00e9ricaine de Guantanamo (Cuba) et ont demand\u00e9\u00a0 des excuses publiques de Washington. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Les Fr\u00e8res musulmans ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9branl\u00e9s par les informations sur\u00a0 une profanation du Coran par les enqu\u00eateurs am\u00e9ricains \u00e0\u00a0 Guantanamo\u00a0\u00bb, affirme le guide supr\u00eame du mouvement, Mohamed Mahdi\u00a0 Akef, dans un communiqu\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Le mouvement \u00ab\u00a0exprime son extr\u00eame col\u00e8re, condamne et d\u00e9plore\u00a0 fermement cet acte odieux et humiliant et demande au gouvernement\u00a0 am\u00e9ricain de pr\u00e9senter publiquement ses excuses\u00a0\u00bb aux musulmans. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Il exige \u00e9galement que soit inflig\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0le plus dur des ch\u00e2timents\u00a0 \u00e0 ces enqu\u00eateurs criminels\u00a0\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Les Fr\u00e8res musulmans demandent aux gouvernements arabes et\u00a0 islamiques d’\u00eatre fermes et de prendre les mesures strictes qui\u00a0 conviennent \u00e0 l’horreur de ce crime\u00a0\u00bb, ajoute le communiqu\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selon un article de l’hebdomadaire am\u00e9ricain Newsweek, des\u00a0 interrogateurs \u00e0 Guantanamo ont jet\u00e9 des exemplaires du Coran dans\u00a0 les toilettes de la base pour irriter les prisonniers musulmans,\u00a0 captur\u00e9s par les Etats-Unis dans le cadre de leur \u00ab\u00a0guerre contre le\u00a0 terrorisme\u00a0\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mouvement islamiste fond\u00e9 en Egypte en 1928, les Fr\u00e8res\u00a0 musulmans militent pour la cr\u00e9ation d’un Etat islamique. S’ils ont\u00a0 essaim\u00e9 dans plusieurs pays, c’est en Egypte qu’ils sont le plus\u00a0 fortement implant\u00e9s: interdits mais tol\u00e9r\u00e9s par les autorit\u00e9s, ils\u00a0 constituent la premi\u00e8re force d’opposition au r\u00e9gime du pr\u00e9sident\u00a0 Hosni Moubarak <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Les Fr\u00e8res musulmans mettent le gouvernement am\u00e9ricain en garde\u00a0 contre la col\u00e8re des peuples \u00e0 la suite de l’atteinte port\u00e9e au\u00a0 Livre de Dieu et les avertissent que les retomb\u00e9es de la poursuite\u00a0 des agressions contre les valeurs sacr\u00e9es islamiques et arabes\u00a0 seront d\u00e9sastreuses\u00a0\u00bb, indique la confr\u00e9rie dans son communiqu\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0A la suite de la publication des informations de Newsweek, qui\u00a0 ont provoqu\u00e9 des \u00e9meutes meurtri\u00e8res en Afghanistan, la secr\u00e9taire\u00a0 d’Etat am\u00e9ricaine, Condoleezza Rice a affirm\u00e9 que Washington\u00a0 prendrait \u00ab\u00a0des mesures ad\u00e9quates\u00a0\u00bb si les faits \u00e9taient prouv\u00e9s. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Profanation pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e du Coran: manifestations \u00e0 Gaza et en Cisjordanie<\/span><\/h3>\n

AFP, le 13.05.2005 \u00e0 12h55<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 JABALIYA (bande de Gaza), 13 mai (AFP) – Des milliers de\u00a0 Palestiniens scandant des slogans anti-am\u00e9ricains ont manifest\u00e9\u00a0 vendredi dans la bande de Gaza et en Cisjordanie \u00e0 la suite de la\u00a0 publication d’informations sur une possible profanation du Coran par\u00a0 des Am\u00e9ricains dans le camp de Guantanamo. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dans le camp de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s de Jabaliya, dans le nord de la bande\u00a0 de Gaza, quelque 2.000 manifestants brandissant des exemplaires du\u00a0 Coran et des drapeaux du Hamas ont march\u00e9 dans les rues apr\u00e8s la\u00a0 grande pri\u00e8re du vendredi, \u00e0 l’appel de ce mouvement islamiste, a\u00a0 constat\u00e9 un journaliste de l’AFP. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Un drapeau am\u00e9ricain et un autre isra\u00e9lien ont \u00e9t\u00e9 br\u00fbl\u00e9s lors\u00a0 de la manifestation. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Ces manifestants expriment leur col\u00e8re apr\u00e8s la profanation du\u00a0 Coran par les ennemis de Dieu \u00e0 Guantanamo comme le font les ennemis\u00a0 sionistes dans les prison de l’occupation\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 \u00e0 la presse\u00a0 Nizar Rayan, un des chefs politiques du Hamas. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A H\u00e9bron, dans le sud de la Cisjordanie, environ 400 fid\u00e8les\u00a0 musulmans ont protest\u00e9 contre la profanation pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e du Coran apr\u00e8s\u00a0 la pri\u00e8re du vendredi au Caveau des Patriarches. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les Etats-Unis cherchent \u00e0 apaiser le monde musulman apr\u00e8s les\u00a0 all\u00e9gations de profanations du Coran sur leur base de Guantanamo\u00a0 (Cuba), qui ont suscit\u00e9 de vives r\u00e9actions dans plusieurs pays\u00a0 alli\u00e9s comme l’Afghanistan, le Pakistan et l’Arabie saoudite. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selon des informations de la presse am\u00e9ricaine des\u00a0 interrogateurs \u00e0 Guantanamo ont plac\u00e9 des exemplaires du Coran dans\u00a0 les toilettes de la base pour irriter les prisonniers musulmans. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 La base de Guantanamo abrite un centre de d\u00e9tention pour des\u00a0 personnes arr\u00eat\u00e9es par les forces am\u00e9ricaines, principalement en\u00a0 Afghanistan, dans le cadre de la \u00ab\u00a0guerre contre le terrorisme\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 d\u00e9cr\u00e9t\u00e9e par les Etats-Unis apr\u00e8s les attentats du 11 septembre\u00a0 2001. <\/span> <\/p>\n

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Profanation pr\u00e9sum\u00e9e du Coran: des manifestants \u00e0 Jakarta exigent des excuses<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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AFP, le 13.05.2005 \u00e0 11h48<\/span><\/em><\/h6>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 JAKARTA, 13 mai (AFP) – Plusieurs centaines de musulmans ont\u00a0 exig\u00e9 vendredi \u00e0 Jakarta des excuses de Washington, apr\u00e8s avoir\u00a0 entendu les all\u00e9gations de profanation du Coran par des Am\u00e9ricains\u00a0 dans le camp de Guantanamo, a annonc\u00e9\u00a0 l’agence officielle Antara. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les manifestants se sont rassembl\u00e9s dans le calme dans une\u00a0 mosqu\u00e9e de la capitale du plus grand pays musulman du monde. Ils ont\u00a0 lu un communiqu\u00e9 critiquant les faits pr\u00e9sum\u00e9s et soumis \u00e0 enqu\u00eate. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Nous exigeons du gouvernement am\u00e9ricain des excuses aux\u00a0 musulmans du monde entier et qu’il punisse les auteurs\u00a0\u00bb, indiquait\u00a0 le texte cit\u00e9 par Antara. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Une autre manifestation similaire a eu lieu dans la ville de\u00a0 Makassar, un bastion musulman de l’\u00eele de C\u00e9l\u00e8bes. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Le minist\u00e8re des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res indon\u00e9sien a de son c\u00f4t\u00e9\u00a0 demand\u00e9 \u00e0 Washington de mener \u00e0 terme l’enqu\u00eate, en estimant que si\u00a0 les faits \u00e9taient av\u00e9r\u00e9s ils seraient immoraux. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les Etats-Unis cherchent \u00e0 apaiser le monde musulman apr\u00e8s les\u00a0 all\u00e9gations de profanations du Coran sur leur base de Guantanamo\u00a0 (Cuba), qui ont suscit\u00e9 de vives r\u00e9actions dans plusieurs pays\u00a0 alli\u00e9s comme l’Afghanistan, le Pakistan et l’Arabie saoudite. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Une bonne partie de la population de l’Indon\u00e9sie, dont pr\u00e8s de\u00a0 90% des 220 millions d’habitants sont musulmans, pense que les\u00a0 Etats-Unis oppriment l’islam. L’archipel a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 oppos\u00e9 \u00e0\u00a0 l’op\u00e9ration militaire des Etats-Unis et de leurs alli\u00e9s contre\u00a0 l’Irak. <\/span> <\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

Coran pr\u00e9sum\u00e9 profan\u00e9: Washington cherche \u00e0 apaiser le monde musulman<\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

Par Christophe de ROQUEFEUIL<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

AFP, le 12.05.2005 \u00e0 23h34<\/span><\/em>\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 WASHINGTON, 12 mai 2005 (AFP) – Les Etats-Unis ont cherch\u00e9 jeudi\u00a0 \u00e0 apaiser le monde musulman apr\u00e8s les all\u00e9gations de profanations du\u00a0 Coran sur leur base de Guantanamo (Cuba), qui ont suscit\u00e9 de vives\u00a0 r\u00e9actions dans plusieurs pays alli\u00e9s comme l’Afghanistan, le\u00a0 Pakistan et l’Arabie saoudite. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Le Pentagone a assur\u00e9 que les premiers r\u00e9sultats d’enqu\u00eate ne\u00a0 permettaient pas de confirmer les faits, tandis que la secr\u00e9taire\u00a0 d’Etat, Condoleezza Rice, s’adressait \u00ab\u00a0aux musulmans en Am\u00e9rique et\u00a0 partout dans le monde\u00a0\u00bb pour tenter de calmer le jeu. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mme Rice a tenu \u00e0 donner une forme solennelle \u00e0 ses propos sur\u00a0 cette affaire, qui a notamment provoqu\u00e9 des manifestations\u00a0 meurtri\u00e8res en Afghanistan, en faisant une d\u00e9claration d\u00e8s\u00a0 l’ouverture d’une audition devant une commission du S\u00e9nat. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Nous honorons les livres sacr\u00e9s de toutes les grandes religions\u00a0 du monde. Un manque de respect pour le Coran est pour nous tous\u00a0 quelque chose d’odieux (…) La libert\u00e9 de religion pour tous est un\u00a0 des principes fondateurs des Etats-Unis\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-elle d\u00e9clar\u00e9. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Si les faits sont prouv\u00e9s, nous prendrons des mesures\u00a0 ad\u00e9quates\u00a0\u00bb, a ajout\u00e9 la chef de la diplomatie am\u00e9ricaine, en\u00a0 assurant \u00ab\u00a0partager et comprendre\u00a0\u00bb l’\u00e9motion dans le monde musulman. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mme Rice a accus\u00e9 \u00e0 mots couverts des \u00e9l\u00e9ments radicaux de\u00a0 chercher \u00e0 utiliser cette affaire pour attiser des sentiments\u00a0 anti-am\u00e9ricains, et a appel\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0nos amis \u00e0 travers le monde \u00e0 rejeter\u00a0 toute incitation \u00e0 la violence de la part de ceux qui d\u00e9forment nos\u00a0 intentions\u00a0\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Des informations de presse sur le fait que des exemplaires du\u00a0 Coran auraient \u00e9t\u00e9 jet\u00e9s dans des toilettes \u00e0 Guantanamo ont\u00a0 provoqu\u00e9 une vague de protestation au Pakistan, un alli\u00e9 cl\u00e9 des\u00a0 Etats-Unis. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 En Afghanistan elles ont d\u00e9clench\u00e9 le plus grand mouvement\u00a0 anti-am\u00e9ricain depuis la chute des talibans fin 2001, avec des\u00a0 manifestations mercredi et jeudi qui ont fait sept morts et au moins\u00a0 76 bless\u00e9s. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L’Arabie saoudite, autre alli\u00e9-cl\u00e9 des Etats-Unis dans le monde\u00a0 musulman, a de son c\u00f4t\u00e9 demand\u00e9 une enqu\u00eate \u00ab\u00a0rapide\u00a0\u00bb et des \u00ab\u00a0mesures\u00a0 de dissuasion\u00a0\u00bb si les faits sont confirm\u00e9s. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Un premier examen des compte-rendus d’interrogatoires n’apporte\u00a0 toutefois aucune preuve permettant de corroborer ces all\u00e9gations, a\u00a0 indiqu\u00e9 le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Richard Myers, chef d’\u00e9tat major interarm\u00e9es\u00a0 am\u00e9ricain. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ces compte-rendus \u00ab\u00a0ne peuvent m\u00eame pas confirmer qu’il y ait eu\u00a0 un quelconque incident dans les toilettes sauf un cas, encore \u00e0\u00a0 confirmer, rapport\u00e9 par un gardien qui aurait vu un d\u00e9tenu d\u00e9chirer\u00a0 des pages du Coran pour les mettre dans la cuvette des toilettes\u00a0 comme signe de protestation\u00a0\u00bb, a indiqu\u00e9 le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral Myers. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 La base de Guantanamo abrite un centre de d\u00e9tention pour des\u00a0 personnes arr\u00eat\u00e9es par les forces am\u00e9ricaines, principalement en\u00a0 Afghanistan, dans le cadre d’op\u00e9rations antiterroristes. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Les conditions de captivit\u00e9 sur la base, l’absence d’application\u00a0 de la convention de Gen\u00e8ve sur les prisonniers de guerre ou encore\u00a0 l’absence de proc\u00e8s r\u00e9guliers ont provoqu\u00e9 de multiples\u00a0 protestations dans la communaut\u00e9 internationale et parmi les\u00a0 organisations de d\u00e9fense des droits de l’Homme. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L’affaire des profanations complique \u00e9galement les efforts des\u00a0 Etats-Unis pour redresser leur image dans le monde musulman,\u00a0 gravement d\u00e9grad\u00e9e par la guerre en Irak et les s\u00e9vices pratiqu\u00e9 par\u00a0 des soldats am\u00e9ricains contre des prisonniers irakiens dans la\u00a0 prison d’Abou Ghra\u00efb, pr\u00e8s de Bagdad. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Washington a engag\u00e9 un important effort diplomatique et de\u00a0 communication pour se pr\u00e9senter comme un h\u00e9raut de la\u00a0 d\u00e9mocratisation et des droits de l’Homme dans cette partie du monde,\u00a0 et rompre avec une image de soutien \u00e0 des r\u00e9gimes autoritaires ou\u00a0 corrompus pourvu qu’ils soient pro-am\u00e9ricains. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n

Coran: sept morts dans des manifestations en Afghanistan<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

AFP, le\u00a013.05.2005 \u00e0 15h12<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

KABOUL, 13 mai (AFP) – Au moins sept personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es vendredi en Afghanistan lors de manifestations contre de possibles profanations du Coran par des soldats am\u00e9ricains, a-t-on appris aupr\u00e8s des autorit\u00e9s et des services de sant\u00e9 locaux. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Trois personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es \u00e0 Ghazni (120 km au sud-ouest de Kaboul), a affirm\u00e9 \u00e0 l’AFP le docteur Shafaqullah Shafaq de l’h\u00f4pital de la ville. Une vingtaine de personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 bless\u00e9es, dont le chef de la police locale. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0C’est un des premiers bless\u00e9s qui nous sont arriv\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb, a indiqu\u00e9 le directeur de l’h\u00f4pital Ismail Ebrahimzai, en pr\u00e9cisant qu’apr\u00e8s avoir re\u00e7u des premiers soins il avait \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9vacu\u00e9 vers Kaboul par un h\u00e9licopt\u00e8re am\u00e9ricain. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Non loin de Ghazni, \u00e0 Gardez (100 km au sud de Kaboul), un manifestant est d\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 de ses blessures \u00e0 la suite d’affrontements avec la police lors d’une manifestation qui rassemblait quelque 300 personnes, a indiqu\u00e9 \u00e0 l’AFP le directeur de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la ville, Ghulam Nabi Saleh. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

La victime faisait partie de quatre personnes bless\u00e9es par des coups de feu tir\u00e9s contre la foule par des soldats afghans, a pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 \u00e0 l’AFP un m\u00e9decin de l’h\u00f4pital de Gardez. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Trois autres personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es et une vingtaine bless\u00e9es lors d’une manifestation \u00e0 Faizabad, capitale de la province du Badakshan (nord-est du pays), a indiqu\u00e9 le gouverneur provincial, Abdul Majid. <\/font> <\/span><\/p>\n

Les manifestants ont \u00e9galement attaqu\u00e9 et incendi\u00e9 les locaux de plusieurs ONG travaillant \u00e0 Faizabad, dont l’Aga Khan Foundation et Mission East. <\/font><\/span> <\/p>\n

Dans la capitale Kaboul, une cinquantaine de personnes ont \u00e9galement manifest\u00e9, sans incident, a constat\u00e9 un journaliste de l’AFP. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Ces victimes portent \u00e0 14 morts et une centaine de bless\u00e9s le bilan des manifestations anti-am\u00e9ricaines organis\u00e9es depuis mardi en Afghanistan, apr\u00e8s la publication d’informations de presse affirmant que des soldats am\u00e9ricains de Guantanamo (Cuba) avaient profan\u00e9 le Coran en le pla\u00e7ant dans les toilettes du camp. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648<\/font><\/span><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/font><\/span><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

\n<\/div>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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Ph.D. EZZAT ASSAYED AHMAD<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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Literary\u00a0 and\u00a0 Philosophical Writer<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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12 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 2005\u0645<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/font> <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
\n<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
Pour une Tunisie sans Prisonniers Politiques<\/font><\/h6>\n

<\/strong> \u00a0<\/font><\/font><\/div>\n

Pour la 5e<\/strong> ann\u00e9e cons\u00e9cutive, la Journ\u00e9e Internationale de Solidarit\u00e9 avec les Prisonniers Politiques en Tunisie<\/font><\/strong> sera c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9e le Samedi 21 Mai 2005 \u00e0 Paris<\/font><\/strong> (la date du 14, annoc\u00e9e dans un premier temps, \u00e9tant \u00e9cart\u00e9e en raison de la tenue de l’assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des avocats) .<\/font><\/div>\n
Plac\u00e9e cette ann\u00e9e sous le signe de : \u00ab <\/p>\n
Pour une Tunisie sans Prisonniers Politiques<\/font><\/h6>\n

<\/strong> \u00bb, elle se tiendra dans un contexte marqu\u00e9 par une vive et inqui\u00e9tante d\u00e9gradation de la situation des droits de l\u2019Homme.<\/font><\/div>\n

Cette rencontre misera encore une fois sur le consensus qui s\u2019est install\u00e9 au sein de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile Tunisienne sur la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de faire de la lib\u00e9ration des Prisonniers Politiques une priorit\u00e9 Nationale afin de mettre terme \u00e0 un drame qui a trop dur\u00e9. <\/font> <\/div>\n
C\u2019est avec votre pr\u00e9sence et votre soutien, vous Tunisiens et amis de la Tunisie, que nous souhaitions all\u00e9ger la souffrance de ceux qui croupissent depuis maintenant quinze ans derri\u00e8re les barreaux du pays de la censure et des proc\u00e8s politiques, o\u00f9 paradoxalement, compte se tenir, dans quelques mois (Novembre 2005), le Sommet Mondial sur la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019Information (SMSI)<\/font><\/div>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 La Coordination Adresse: Salle AGECA 177, Rue Charonne 75011 Paris – M\u00e9tro: Alexandre Dumas Ligne 2<\/font><\/strong><\/font><\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n\n

<\/font><\/span> <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/font> \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0643\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0646\u0637\u0645\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 15 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629(\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2005) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (<\/span>SMSI). <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0640\u0639\u0640\u0640\u0646\u0640\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/font><\/span>: <\/span>Salle AGECA 177 rue Charonne <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

75011 Paris M\u00e9tro: Alexandre Dumas Ligne 2 <\/font><\/span> <\/p>\n

\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 <\/font><\/span> <\/span><\/font><\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u00a0 <\/p>\n
\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/font><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/font><\/div>\n

\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0645\u062c\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0634\u062f \u063a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.<\/div>\n
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1-\u00a0 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u0636\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644.<\/div>\n
2-\u00a0 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0621.<\/div>\n
3-\u00a0\u062a\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/font><\/div>\n
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(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629.\u0646\u062a\u00a0\u00a0 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13 \u0645\u0627\u064a2005) <\/font> <\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/font><\/h6>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0647\u0631.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

<\/font> –<\/font>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/font><\/span> \u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/span> <\/font> <\/p>\n

\n

<\/font> –<\/font>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/font><\/span><\/font> \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0633\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0648 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0651\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631. \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u0651 <\/b>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/span> <\/font> <\/p>\n

\n

<\/font> –<\/font>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/font><\/span> \u0641\u062a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/span> <\/font> <\/p>\n

\n

<\/font> –<\/font>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/font><\/span> \u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span> <\/font> <\/p>\n

\n

<\/font> –<\/font>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/font><\/span> \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0651\u064a\u00a0 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629. <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n

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<\/font><\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0641\u064a 13-05-2005 <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0628\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

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–<\/font><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/font><\/span> \u064a\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

–<\/font><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/font><\/span> \u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0648 \u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0631\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

–<\/font><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/font><\/span> \u064a\u0646\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a<\/font>\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u00a0\u00bb \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a 21 \u0645\u0627\u064a 2005 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0633<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f : …………………………………………………<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 : <\/span> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/span><\/b><\/font> \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f : <\/span> \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/b><\/font>.<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u062a 21 \u0645\u0627\u064a 2005 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 .<\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u062c\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/font><\/div>\n

<\/font><\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c<\/font><\/h6>\n

<\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/div>\n
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<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0648\u0645 13 \u0645\u0627\u064a 2005)<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Comit\u00e9 international Pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou<\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

Mohamed Abbou\u00a0: encore une le\u00e7on de dignit\u00e9<\/span><\/b><\/font><\/h6>\n<\/p>\n

<\/font> <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Le Comit\u00e9 international Pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou informe l\u2019opinion publique nationale et internationale que Ma\u00eetre Abbou a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de mettre fin \u00e0 sa gr\u00e8ve de la faim.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Il a annonc\u00e9 cette d\u00e9cision \u00e0 sa femme qui est all\u00e9e lui rendre visite hier \u00e0 la prison du Kef. L\u2019avocat kidnapp\u00e9 et ill\u00e9galement emprisonn\u00e9 depuis le premier mars dernier, a pris cette d\u00e9cision apr\u00e8s que ses avocats lui aient recommand\u00e9 de le faire. Mohamed Abbou a par ailleurs confirm\u00e9 \u00e0 son \u00e9pouse et son avocate Leila Ben Mahmoud que la revendication principale de sa gr\u00e8ve de la faim \u00e9tait d\u2019am\u00e9liorer la situation de ses co-d\u00e9tenus et de leur permettre l\u2019acc\u00e8s au soin.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Admir\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur de la prison, Mohamed Abbou l\u2019est aussi \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur. Ses co-d\u00e9tenus et ses ge\u00f4liers lui vouent respect et admiration.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Toutefois, les autorit\u00e9s carc\u00e9rales continuent de le priver de ses correspondances. Toutes les lettres, qu\u2019il doit recevoir de sa femme ou qu\u2019il lui envoie, ne parviennent jamais \u00e0 leur destination.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Il est inadmissible que le r\u00e9gime tunisien continue ses basses besognes \u00e0 l\u2019encontre de Mohamed Abbou en le privant lui et sa famille des seuls droits qui lui restent\u00a0: maintenir des liens avec sa famille. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Le Comit\u00e9 international pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou d\u00e9nonce ses pratiques d\u2019un autre temps, il condamne par ailleurs fermement la r\u00e9pression polici\u00e8re de la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation qui a voulu rendre une visite de sympathie et de solidarit\u00e9 \u00e0 la famille de l\u2019autre avocat ill\u00e9galement emprisonn\u00e9\u00a0: Faouzi Ben Mrad.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Le Comit\u00e9 Intenational pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou r\u00e9clame la lib\u00e9ration imm\u00e9diate et inconditionnelle des deux avocats et la fin du harc\u00e8lement de Ma\u00eetre Sonia Ben Amor, et au-del\u00e0, l\u2019arr\u00eat de la campagne de d\u00e9nigrement qui vise \u00e0 discr\u00e9diter les avocats libres.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

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Paris, le 13 mai 2004<\/span><\/p>\n

Imad Da\u00efmi, Vincent Geisser, Chokri Hamrouni<\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

Comit\u00e9 international Pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Comit\u00e9 international Pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou<\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

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Le CILMA chez les Socialistes<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Le comit\u00e9 International pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou continue sa campagne pour la lib\u00e9ration de l\u2019avocat kidnapp\u00e9 et incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 depuis le premier mars dernier.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Apr\u00e8s l\u2019UMP, c\u2019est autour du Parti Socialiste par le biais de Nicolas Marandon\u00a0 Charg\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9tudes au Secr\u00e9tariat aux Droits de l\u2019Homme et aux Libert\u00e9, de recevoir un repr\u00e9sentant du Comit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Le responsable socialiste, en charge du dossier tunisien, tr\u00e8s au courant de ce qui se passe en Tunisie a rappel\u00e9 au repr\u00e9sentant du Comit\u00e9 l\u2019attachement des socialistes fran\u00e7ais au respect des Droits de l\u2019Homme et de la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression en Tunisie.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Il a rappel\u00e9 par ailleurs que depuis la publication de leur communiqu\u00e9 du 27 avril 2005 (Respect de la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression en Tunisie), les socialistes suivent avec attention l\u2019\u00e9volution de la situation tunisienne, notamment apr\u00e8s la condamnation de l\u2019avocat Faouzi Ben Mrad. <\/span><\/p>\n

Il a \u00e9galement confirm\u00e9 que son parti \u00e9tait pr\u00e9occup\u00e9 par le cas de l\u2019avocate Sonia Ben Amor qui risque de conna\u00eetre le triste sort de ses coll\u00e8gues. Il a promis une action en cas d\u2019arrestation. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Il \u00e9tait question \u00e9galement dans cet entretien de la r\u00e9pression des journalistes tunisiens ind\u00e9pendants \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de \u00ab\u00a0la journ\u00e9e internationale de la libert\u00e9 de la presse\u00a0!!!\u00bb Triste c\u00e9l\u00e9bration\u00a0!!!<\/span><\/p>\n

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Nicolas Marandon a confirm\u00e9 par ailleurs l\u2019intention des socialistes de saisir l\u2019occasion, qu\u2019offre l\u2019organisation de la deuxi\u00e8me phase du Sommet Mondial sur la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019Information en Tunisie au mois de novembre prochain, pour rappeler aux autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de faire \u00e9voluer la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Paris, le 13 mai 2004<\/span><\/p>\n

Imad Da\u00efmi, Vincent Geisser, Chokri Hamrouni<\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

Comit\u00e9 international Pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Comit\u00e9 international Pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou<\/strong><\/font><\/div>\n
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Avocats tunisiens : une journ\u00e9e d\u00e9cisive !<\/font><\/h6>\n

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L\u2019assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale exceptionnelle des avocats qui aura lieu demain rev\u00eat une importance capitale pour la survie d\u2019une profession qui subit depuis quelques mois une campagne de d\u00e9nigrement sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent. \u00a0 Plac\u00e9e sous le signe de la d\u00e9fense de la profession face aux agressions syst\u00e9matiques des derni\u00e8res semaines, cette r\u00e9union devra confirmer l\u2019unit\u00e9 d\u2019un corps qui a su retrouver ses valeurs dans l\u2019une des p\u00e9riodes les plus graves de son histoire. \u00a0 Projet\u00e9s au devant de la sc\u00e8ne apr\u00e8s l\u2019arrestation de leur coll\u00e8gue Mohamed Abbou dans des conditions qui font fi de l\u2019honneur de la profession, atterr\u00e9s par l\u2019agression de leur b\u00e2tonnier et de nombre de leurs consoeurs et confr\u00e8res, scandalis\u00e9s par l\u2019emprisonnement de Me Faouzi Ben Mrad et l\u2019harc\u00e8lement de Me Sonia ben Amor, offusqu\u00e9s par un scandale judiciaire pass\u00e9 sous haute observation, menac\u00e9s de voir leur conseil de l\u2019ordre dissout et nombre de leurs coll\u00e8gues radi\u00e9s (Abderraouf Ayadi notamment); les avocats tunisiens s\u2019appr\u00eatent \u00e0 vivre une journ\u00e9e historique. \u00a0 Bien que nous nous sentions fortement impliqu\u00e9s dans la grande \u00e9pop\u00e9e de ces avocats tunisiens qui nous ont fait vibrer ces derniers temps, et qui ont redonn\u00e9 \u00e0 leur profession sa dignit\u00e9 et \u00e0 la Tunisie sa fiert\u00e9\u2026Nous devons nous garder de nous immiscer dans leurs affaires internes\u2026Eux qui ont su sauvegarder leur ind\u00e9pendance malgr\u00e9 toute les tentatives d’ali\u00e9nation. \u00a0 Toutefois, il nous est permis de leur souhaiter un avenir plus radieux, et une souverainet\u00e9 affirm\u00e9e ! Qu\u2019ils soient nombreux demain \u00e0 le vouloir ! Qu\u2019ils soient r\u00e9compens\u00e9s de leur courage et de leur dignit\u00e9. Que leurs coll\u00e8gues soient lib\u00e9r\u00e9s et que leur profession soit \u00e9mancip\u00e9e. \u00a0 \u00a0 Paris, le 13 mai 2005 Chokri Hamrouni.<\/font><\/strong> Comit\u00e9 international Pour la Lib\u00e9ration de Mohamed Abbou<\/strong> \u00a0 <\/p>\n\n

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LIBERTE DE LA PRESSE\/ PRESS FREEDOM<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

COMMUNIQUE DE PRESSE\/ PRESS RELEASE<\/span><\/p>\n

Version fran\u00e7aise uniquement, la version anglaise suivra.<\/span><\/p>\n

French version only, English version will follow later.<\/span><\/p>\n

TUNISIE<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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<\/font> Les autorit\u00e9s continuent de harceler Hamadi Jebali<\/span><\/font> \u00a0<\/font><\/span><\/font><\/b> <\/p>\n

Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res proteste contre le harc\u00e8lement continu subi par Hamadi Jebali<\/b>, incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 depuis 1991. \u00ab\u00a0Il semble que les autorit\u00e9s aient d’abord voulu calmer les esprits, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res. Le journaliste avait, en effet, \u00e9t\u00e9 sorti de son isolement cellulaire, le 22 avril, apr\u00e8s son transfert non loin de sa ville d’origine. Les autorit\u00e9s avaient \u00e9galement annonc\u00e9 un accord autorisant le Comit\u00e9 International de la Croix-Rouge (CICR) \u00e0 visiter les prisons. Mais finalement, le traitement r\u00e9serv\u00e9 \u00e0 Hamadi Jebali ne s’est pas am\u00e9lior\u00e9. Nous demandons aux autorit\u00e9s d’autoriser son \u00e9pouse, Wahida Jebali \u00e0 lui rendre visite librement, sans surveillance, et \u00e0 lui remettre la nourriture que son r\u00e9gime m\u00e9dical n\u00e9cessite, a conclu l’organisation.<\/span><\/p>\n

Wahida Jebali a rendu visite \u00e0 son mari le 3 mai en pr\u00e9sence de trois policiers. L’un d’eux, post\u00e9 juste derri\u00e8re le journaliste, a pris des notes durant toute leur conversation. Quand les \u00e9poux ont tent\u00e9 de dialoguer plus discr\u00e8tement, l’officier a r\u00e9agi brusquement en criant qu’ils n’avaient pas le droit de parler \u00e0 voix basse. Quelques jours apr\u00e8s, deux officiers se sont rendus deux fois de suite \u00e0 Sousse, au domicile de Mme Jebali qui ne les a pas re\u00e7us. Le 11 mai, les gardiens de la prison ont refus\u00e9 son droit de visite, pr\u00e9textant que son mari \u00ab\u00a0ne voulait pas sortir\u00a0\u00bb. Malgr\u00e9 les r\u00e9centes promesses des autorit\u00e9s, les deux derniers paniers de nourriture destin\u00e9s au r\u00e9gime sp\u00e9cial du journaliste lui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 rendus, invoquant \u00ab\u00a0les ordres\u00a0\u00bb. Le directeur de la prison n’a pas r\u00e9pondu \u00e0 Mme Jebali qui souhaitait obtenir un rendez-vous.<\/span><\/p>\n

27 avril 2005 – Hamadi Jebali met un terme \u00e0 sa gr\u00e8ve de la faim <\/span><\/b> Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res prend acte du transfert, le 22 avril 2005, d’Hamadi Jebali \u00e0 la prison de Mahdia et exprime son soulagement apr\u00e8s l’arr\u00eat de sa gr\u00e8ve de la faim trois jours plus tard. \u00ab\u00a0Nous avons pris connaissance du transfert d’Hamadi Jebali et de l’am\u00e9lioration de ses conditions d’incarc\u00e9ration, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res. Cependant, la seule issue r\u00e9ellement satisfaisante serait, comme nous l’avons toujours demand\u00e9e, la lib\u00e9ration sans condition du journaliste.\u00a0\u00bb Jointe au t\u00e9l\u00e9phone par l’organisation, l’\u00e9pouse d’Hamadi Jebali a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 que lors de sa derni\u00e8re visite \u00e0 la prison de Sfax, le 23 avril, les gardes lui avaient signifi\u00e9 le transfert de son mari \u00e0 Mahdia la veille. Mme Jebali s’est dite rassur\u00e9e de ce changement. <\/span> En effet, le journaliste qui a d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de mettre un terme \u00e0 sa gr\u00e8ve de la faim le 25 avril, n’est plus d\u00e9tenu \u00e0 l’isolement. Mahdia est situ\u00e9e \u00e0 60 km de Sousse o\u00f9 r\u00e9side la famille du journaliste. 14 avril 2005 – Hamadi Jebali a entam\u00e9 une nouvelle gr\u00e8ve de la faim en prison <\/b>Hamadi Jebali, directeur de l’hebdomadaire Al Fajr<\/i>, incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 depuis 1991, a entam\u00e9 une nouvelle gr\u00e8ve de la faim, le 9 avril 2005. \u00ab\u00a0Nous sommes inquiets pour l’\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 de Hamadi Jebali qui s’affaiblit un peu plus \u00e0 chaque gr\u00e8ve de la faim, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res. Il est anormal qu’il n’ait pas acc\u00e8s \u00e0 la nourriture que sa femme lui apporte. Nous r\u00e9it\u00e9rons notre demande au pr\u00e9sident Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali : la lib\u00e9ration inconditionnelle et imm\u00e9diate de ce journaliste.\u00a0\u00bb Son \u00e9pouse, Wahida Jebali, habitant \u00e0 250 km de Sfax, ne peut se rendre \u00e0 la prison qu’une fois par mois. <\/span> Etant donn\u00e9 les probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 du journaliste, le m\u00e9decin avait recommand\u00e9 un r\u00e9gime alimentaire sp\u00e9cial qu’il arrivait \u00e0 suivre approximativement gr\u00e2ce aux visites de Mme Jebali. <\/span> Le mois dernier, les gardiens ont refus\u00e9 de transmettre \u00e0 son mari la nourriture qu’elle lui avait apport\u00e9e. <\/span> Mme Jebali, tr\u00e8s inqui\u00e8te, revendique le droit \u00e0 une visite m\u00e9dicale. <\/span> Elle r\u00e9it\u00e9rera sa demande lors de sa prochaine visite, le 16 avril.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> Hamadi Jebali, directeur de l’hebdomadaire Al Fajr<\/i>, organe du mouvement islamiste An Nahda, est d\u00e9tenu, depuis 1991, dans une cellule individuelle. Incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00e0 la prison de Sfax o\u00f9 il avait \u00e9t\u00e9 transf\u00e9r\u00e9 en 2000, il devrait \u00eatre lib\u00e9r\u00e9 en 2007. Rappel des faits <\/b>Arr\u00eat\u00e9 le 31 janvier 1991, Hamadi Jebali a \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9, le m\u00eame jour, \u00e0 un an de prison pour \u00ab\u00a0diffamation\u00a0\u00bb apr\u00e8s la publication d’un article de l’avocat Mohammed Nouri demandant la suppression des tribunaux militaires.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le 28 ao\u00fbt 1992, Hamadi Jebali a \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 seize ans de prison pour \u00ab\u00a0appartenance \u00e0 une organisation ill\u00e9gale\u00a0\u00bb et \u00ab\u00a0volont\u00e9 de changer la nature de l’Etat\u00a0\u00bb. Le proc\u00e8s s’est d\u00e9roul\u00e9 dans des conditions d\u00e9plorables au regard des standards internationaux.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Maghreb & Middle-East Desk <\/span> Reporters Without Borders <\/b><\/span><\/font> 5 rue Geoffroy-Marie\u00a0 F – 75009 Paris 33 1 44 83 84 84 33 1 45 23 11 51 (fax) middle-east@rsf.org www.rsf.org<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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ACTION COMMUNE : Des membres de l’IFEX appellent les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes \u00e0 mettre un terme au harc\u00e8lement de Lotfi Hajji<\/font><\/p>\n

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Pays\/Sujet: Tunisie Date: 13 mai 2005 Source: IFEX Personne(s): Lotfi Hajji Cible(s): d\u00e9fenseur(s) des droits de la personne , journaliste(s) Type(s) d’infraction(s): harc\u00e8lement , interrogatoire , menace Niveau de priorit\u00e9: Bulletin (IFEX-TMG) – Ci-dessous, une d\u00e9claration commune des membres de l’IFEX-TMG : <\/strong> <\/div>\n
Des membres de l’IFEX appellent les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes \u00e0 mettre un terme au harc\u00e8lement de Lotfi Hajji <\/font><\/strong> <\/div>\n
Des organisations d\u00e9di\u00e9es \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 d’expression appellent les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes \u00e0 mettre un terme au harc\u00e8lement de Lotfi Hajji, Pr\u00e9sident du Syndicat ind\u00e9pendant des journalistes tunisiens (SJT). Il a de nouveau \u00e9t\u00e9 convoqu\u00e9 par la Police le 9 mai 2005, \u00e0 nouveau sans raison apparente. <\/div>\n
Dans les jours qui ont pr\u00e9c\u00e9d\u00e9 et qui ont suivi la journ\u00e9e mondiale de la libert\u00e9 de la presse (3 mai 2005), Lotfi Hajji a \u00e9t\u00e9 convoqu\u00e9 par la Police \u00e0 plusieurs reprises, bri\u00e8vement d\u00e9tenu, s’est vu confisquer ses livres \u00e0 l’a\u00e9roport de Tunis et a \u00e9t\u00e9 menac\u00e9 de poursuite en justice quand les autorit\u00e9s se sont rendues compte qu’il comptait rendre public le rapport de son syndicat sur la r\u00e9pression des m\u00e9dias en Tunisie. <\/div>\n
Alexis Krikorian, directeur libert\u00e9 de publier de l’Union Internationale des Editeurs (UIE), a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 : \u00ab\u00a0Il est ironique de constater que les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes ont sciemment fait le choix de c\u00e9l\u00e9brer la journ\u00e9e mondiale de la libert\u00e9 de la presse de cette mani\u00e8re-l\u00e0. Il est encore plus ironique de constater que pendant que se d\u00e9ploie le harc\u00e8lement de Hajji, les autorit\u00e9s maintiennent que les m\u00e9dias sont libres en Tunisie\u00a0\u00bb. Il parlait au nom du groupe d’observation de la Tunisie (TMG), un ensemble regroupant 13 organisations non-gouvernementales nationales, r\u00e9gionales et internationales ayant pour but commun la d\u00e9fense et la promotion de la libert\u00e9 d’expression (voir la liste compl\u00e8te \u00e0 la fin du communiqu\u00e9). Son organisation et d’autres membres du TMG, au sein de l’International Freedom of Expression Exchange (IFEX), \u00e9taient \u00e0 Tunis du 5 au 8 mai 2005 pour lancer la version arabe du rapport du TMG intitul\u00e9 : \u00ab\u00a0Tunisie : libert\u00e9 d’expression assi\u00e9g\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb lors d’une rencontre marquant la journ\u00e9e mondiale de la libert\u00e9 de la presse. <\/div>\n
\u00ab\u00a0Les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes rejettent ce rapport cat\u00e9goriquement\u00a0\u00bb, a d\u00e9clare Rohan Jayasekera d’Index on Censorship, un autre membre du TMG. \u00ab\u00a0Elles maintiennent que l’expression est libre en Tunisie, alors que tout prouve le contraire\u00a0\u00bb. <\/div>\n
Le harc\u00e8lement contre Hajji a d\u00e9but\u00e9 le 25 avril dernier \u00e0 l’a\u00e9roport de Tunis-Carthage lorsque 15 de ses livres, qu’il avait achet\u00e9s \u00e0 Marrakech o\u00f9 il \u00e9tait pour un s\u00e9minaire r\u00e9gional sur la libert\u00e9 de la presse, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 confisqu\u00e9s par les autorit\u00e9s \u00e0 son arriv\u00e9e. Parmi les livres confisqu\u00e9s, on comptait un livre du philosophe marocain Mohamed Abed Al-Jabri et un livre de l’auteur fran\u00e7ais Rachid Benzine. Ces livres sont en vente libre au Maroc. Tous les livres, sauf un, ont depuis \u00e9t\u00e9 rendus \u00e0 Hajji. Le livre manquant est une collection des m\u00e9moires d’un ancien chef de la policie marocaine. <\/div>\n
Il a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 convoqu\u00e9 par la Police de Bizerte le 4 mai 2005. D’apr\u00e8s l’un de ses coll\u00e8gues, la police lui aurait signifi\u00e9 que son syndicat ne disposait pas du statut l\u00e9gal lui permettant de publier un rapport sur les droits des m\u00e9dias. Il avait pr\u00e9vu de rendre public ce rapport aupr\u00e8s d’autres organisations en faveur de la libert\u00e9 d’expression lors d’une r\u00e9union la journ\u00e9e mondiale de la libert\u00e9 de la presse \u00e0 Tunis le 6 mai 2005. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 rel\u00e2ch\u00e9 apr\u00e8s 4 heures de d\u00e9tention. Il a par ailleurs \u00e9t\u00e9 convoqu\u00e9 par la police le 7 mai 2005. <\/div>\n
Le rapport du SJT, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendu public comme convenu, souligne que les m\u00e9dias tunisiens n’ont jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 aussi musel\u00e9s depuis que le Pr\u00e9sident Ben Ali a pris le pouvoir en 1987. <\/div>\n
La cr\u00e9ation du SJT en mai 2004 n’a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 bien acceuillie par les autorit\u00e9s. Hajji est un ancien collaborateur de l’hebdomadaire \u00ab\u00a0R\u00e9alit\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb. Il est connu pour l’ind\u00e9pendance de ses vues. Son accr\u00e9ditation en tant que correspondant local d’Al-Jazzera, la chaine toute info bas\u00e9e au Quatar, lui a par ailleurs \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 refus\u00e9e en 2004. Al-Jazeera est autoris\u00e9e dans l’ensemble du monde arabe, \u00e0 l’exception de la Tunisie, de l’Iraq et de l’Arabie Saoudite. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 convoqu\u00e9 par la Police le 7 mai 2005. Une autre convocation est venue deux jours plus tard. <\/div>\n
L’interrogatoire du 9 mai a dur\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de 3 heures d’apr\u00e8s Hajji. On lui a \u00e0 nouveau dit que le SJT \u00e9tait ill\u00e9gal. On lui a fermement conseill\u00e9 de ne plus diffuser de communiqu\u00e9s de presse ou de rapports au nom du syndicate. On l’a par ailleurs inform\u00e9 qu’il sera peut-\u00eatre \u00e0 nouveau convoqu\u00e9 \u00e0 l’avenir pour un autre interrogatoire. La police lui a de plus demand\u00e9 la liste des 160 membres du syndicate, mais il a refus\u00e9. Hajji a r\u00e9pondu au chef de la police que le syndicate \u00e9tait l\u00e9gal et que la loi autorise les Tunisiens \u00e0 \u00e9tablir des syndicats sans autorisation pr\u00e9alable des autorit\u00e9s. Il a \u00e9galement d\u00e9plor\u00e9 que les probl\u00e8mes professionels soulev\u00e9s par le SJT dans son dernier rapport entrainent des convocations plut\u00f4t qu’un dialogue constructif avec le gourvernment sur la protection des journalistes et sur la libert\u00e9 de la presse et d’expression. <\/div>\n
Alors qu’Hajji a \u00e9t\u00e9 contraint de se pr\u00e9senter \u00e0 la police le 9 mai 2005, \u00e0 nouveau sans raison apparente, il est \u00e0 craindre qu’il ne soit accus\u00e9 et jug\u00e9 par un syst\u00e8me judiciaire dont on sait qu’il n’est pas ind\u00e9pendant du pouvoir ex\u00e9cutif. Les avocats Mohammed Abbou et Faouzi Moural ont d’ailleurs \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment incarc\u00e9r\u00e9s suite \u00e0 leur critique publique du gouvernement. <\/div>\n
Le groupe d’observation de la Tunisie demande solennellement \u00e0 la communaut\u00e9 internationale, en particulier ses repr\u00e9sentants pr\u00e9sents \u00e0 Tunis, de faire tout ce qui est en leur pouvoir pour qu’Hajji soit trait\u00e9 avec \u00e9quit\u00e9 et pour mettre un terme au harc\u00e9lement qu’il est en train de subir. <\/div>\n
Les membres du groupe d’observation de la Tunisie sont : <\/u><\/strong> <\/div>\n
ARTICLE 19, Royaume-Uni Journalistes canadiens pour la libert\u00e9 d’expression (CJFE) Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Studies (CEHURDES), N\u00e9pal L’Organisation \u00e9gyptienne des droits de l’homme (EOHR) Index on Censorship, Royaume-Uni L’Union internationale des \u00e9diteurs (UIE), Suisse Journalistes en danger (JED), R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo Media Institute of Southern Africa (MISA), Namibie Le centre PEN norv\u00e9gien Comit\u00e9 des \u00e9crivains en prison du PEN international (WiPC), Royaume-Uni L’Association mondiale des journaux (AMJ), France World Press Freedom Committee (WPFC), \u00c9tats-Unis L’Association mondiale des radiodiffuseurs communautaires (AMARC)<\/font><\/strong><\/div>\n
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http:\/\/www.ifex.org\/fr\/content\/view\/full\/66603<\/a><\/div>\n

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Say to the whole world….\u00a0 Official statement of the prisoner Adel Ben Mohammed Ben Tahar Rahali <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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\u00ab\u00a0<\/span>Say to the whole world….\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 Adel Rahali, prisoner of opinion for one year in Tunisia, has been condemned on last 5 March to ten years of imprisonment and ten years of administrative control under the terms of the new law relating to the support of the international efforts of fight against terrorism and to the repression of the money bleaching, promulgated with cynicism on December 10, 2003, date commemorative of the universal declaration of the humans right and of the citizen.\u00a0 It is one of the first victims of this new law and made call of its judgement.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Prison of April 9, where it is imprisoned far as of his, and initially of Mervat, his wife of Jordanian nationality which lives in Amman, it sent a call which echoes the vibrating call launched recently by Hamadi Jebali:\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Say to the whole world to make us <\/span>leave this tomb\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

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\"photo<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

photograph of Adel Rahali<\/font>, taken before his arrest <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Adel Ben Mohammad Ben Al-Taher Al-Rahali No:\u00a0 3997 <\/b> <\/p>\n

Address of Prison:\u00a0 Civil prison of Tunis Boulevard of the 9 April, Tunis.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Tunisia Prison of April 9, Tunis<\/span><\/p>\n

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April 14, 2004, I was returned by Irish Republic to Tunisia, and my wife, Mervat Yaghi, was deported to Jordan.\u00a0 That followed upon my arrest on December 10, 2003, for infringement with the laws on immigration and irregular stay, and with a four months detention.\u00a0 April 14, therefore, on my arrival, I was stopped at the airport of Tunis-Carthage by agents of the Safety of the State, and I spent four days at the ministry for the Interior where I tasted the worst kinds of physical and moral torture.\u00a0 The goal was to tear off me unacceptable consents based on erroneous reports\/ratios on my subject.<\/span><\/p>\n

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At the time of my first interrogation, I had to acknowledge that I was well the sought person, called Abou Rahil.\u00a0 When it proved that it was not the case, and, therefore, that the reports\/ratios and information in their possession were erroneous, they invented other very serious charges, namely my bonds with symbols of the Tunisian opposition abroad, in particular Seyyid Ferjani, movement of Nahdha, and Mohammed Ali Harrath, Tunisian Islamic Face (they reside with complete freedom in Great Britain), and other people residing in Europe where they obtained the political asylum.<\/span><\/p>\n

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I was shown to belong to a terrorist organization apart from Tunisia, using terrorism to carry out its intentions and to use a pseudonym to defend this organization.<\/span><\/p>\n

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March 5, 2005, my lawsuit proceeded in Tunis, under the presidency of judge Ben Hamidane, the fourth department, and under the terms of the new law anti terrorist, promulgated 10 December 2003.\u00a0 This law is frightening and appalling.\u00a0 The lawsuit lasted five hours, in the presence of lawyers:\u00a0 Masters Samir Ben Amor, Semir Dilou, Noureddine Behiri and Farida Obeidi, who did not spare any effort to warn the judge against this inequitable lawsuit.\u00a0 Because one judged me under the terms of an extraordinary law in front of an ordinary court, which is unconstitutional.\u00a0 I should have been judged in front of an emergency court, which was repealed since beautiful lurette.\u00a0 This lawsuit was thus ent\u00e2ch\u00e9 of nullity.\u00a0 In addition, I was judged under the terms of a promulgated law on December 10, 2003, but, at that time, I was arrested and imprisoned in Ireland.\u00a0 How could one apply this law, if not in a retroactive way, and judge for facts made before its promulgation?\u00a0 It is illegal and unconstitutional and that constitutes a precedent in the history of Tunisian justice.\u00a0 It is an index of the transgression of the laws and personal freedoms.\u00a0 Then, I do not have anything clerk which can harm my country, that it is before the date of the promulgation of this law, nor even afterwards.\u00a0 I am only one emigrant in the search of a place which gives me the means of living, following the example all emigrants.<\/span><\/p>\n

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I have nothing to do with X or Y and I do not hear large thing in policy there.\u00a0 These charges were assembled to imply me in a labyrinth of which I am unaware of all.\u00a0 If I had made anything, Ireland would not have delivered to me and would have judged me.<\/span>\u00a0 <\/span>I am innocent and wrongfully victim of this new law, and these reports\/ratios and information erroneous.\u00a0 I pay the full price of them:\u00a0 my freedom.\u00a0 Who am I to be related to the symbols of the opposition and that they were not judged in my places and places?\u00a0 What does one have to reproach me and which I made against my country to be condemned for terrorism and to be regarded as a terrorist?<\/span><\/p>\n

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Which crime did I make so that one carries against me of the charges worthy of the lawsuit of a leader of a significant and dangerous organization?\u00a0 Where is equity, where are the human rights, where is freedom, where is the justice returned by the magistrates?<\/span><\/p>\n

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I am innocent of all these charges stripped of the least base.\u00a0 I was only one simple emigrant.\u00a0 When I left my country, I was only fourteen years old.\u00a0 I left to join my father, then I studied and I worked.\u00a0 When I became a man, my reward was the prison, as well as the completely broken future and the existence!<\/span><\/p>\n

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I wonder well which crime I made towards my country.\u00a0 This is to have fortuitously met a person here or there, with whom I do not have a report\/ratio, which one shows to me to be with it.\u00a0 Which is this dangerous organization to which I would adhere?\u00a0 And what did I make?\u00a0 Knowing that even Nahdha and the FIT are not regarded as terrorist movements and that their members enjoy a total freedom in Europe.\u00a0 If they were terrorists, they there would have been considered and delivered to Tunisia.\u00a0 That shows well the falseness and the nullity of the charges in my opposition.\u00a0 I am only the victim of this new law.\u00a0 And, I repeat it, I do not have a bond with any person or organization.\u00a0 I made only one thing, to seek work and to assume my responsibilities and to provide the needs of my family.<\/span><\/p>\n

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I agreed to return in my country.\u00a0 I could not there not have returned, but I did not have there antecedents, and my rack is virgin there.\u00a0 And punished here me is worse manner which is for acts than I made, and did not judge by an illegitimate and unconstitutional court.\u00a0 Where are the justice and the probity of the magistrature?\u00a0 Can one speak about justice when I am condemned to five years of imprisonment for adhesion to a terrorist organization without the least proof and under the terms of an unconstitutional law and without I ever making anything against my country, abroad or inside?<\/span><\/p>\n

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Can one speak about justice when I am condemned to five years of imprisonment for a nickname carried at the request of my wife, who is Jordanian and it is a practice on their premises, and an obligation impossible to circumvent?\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

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Can one speak about justice when one shows me to have used this pseudonym to indicate the supposed organization?\u00a0 It is not a question there of a characterized injustice and a violation of the personal freedom?\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

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What did I make to be condemned for this nickname? <\/span><\/p>\n

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Which habits or laws condemn for a nickname? And one takes some for five years?\u00a0 And even let us suppose that I used this name of loan:\u00a0 do I deserve such a severe verdict?\u00a0 Where are the human rights so that I would be private of my wife and my sick mother during all these years?<\/span><\/p>\n

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Why am I condemned for other people?\u00a0 All these charges are forged of all parts, null and without bases.\u00a0 I am the victim of erroneous reports\/ratios and an appalling law who does not forgive.\u00a0 I shout in the world and I call some with all the consciences sharp, with all the persons in charge in Tunisia:\u00a0 that me am released and that me have been restored my freedom lost for one year!\u00a0 Will I find ears attentive?<\/span><\/p>\n

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I launch a call to all the international organizations.\u00a0 Who they get informed of what arrived to me and my case!\u00a0 I call some with all those which take care on the human right, his right to a worthy life, free and protected from any oppression:\u00a0 you inform on this business!\u00a0 I call the Irish government so that it repairs its error which consisted in transmitting erroneous reports\/ratios on me.\u00a0 I call the Arab and international media so that they report my case.\u00a0 I want <\/span>the world to know the fact and that he is the witness.Am I an innocent oppressed terrorist or one and a victim of these laws which do not have any consideration for freedom and dignity human being?\u00a0 I call and I launch a cry so that I be released and that I be restored my rights to the life and freedom.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

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Adel Rahali Prison of April 9 Tunis<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Raouf Najar \u00e0 Paris ?<\/span><\/b> <\/span> Selon des sources bien inform\u00e9es, c\u2019est M. Raouf Najar qui pourrait occuper le poste d\u2019ambassadeur de Tunisie \u00e0 Paris. On note par ailleurs qu\u2019une r\u00e9ception a \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9e la semaine derni\u00e8re \u00e0 Paris en l\u2019honneur de M. Moncer Rouissi \u00e0 l\u2019occasion de la fin de sa mission. Une r\u00e9ception \u00e0 laquelle ont pris part plusieurs personnalit\u00e9s diplomatiques.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(Source\u00a0: R\u00e9alit\u00e9s N\u00b0 1003 du 12 mai 2005)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Mohamed Jegham rejoint le priv\u00e9<\/span><\/b> <\/span> Apr\u00e8s une brillante carri\u00e8re au gouvernement, M. Mohamed Jegham, ancien ministre directeur du Cabinet pr\u00e9sidentiel, ancien ministre du Tourisme, de la D\u00e9fense, de l\u2019Int\u00e9rieur et ancien ambassadeur de Tunisie \u00e0 Rome (son dernier poste) vient d\u2019int\u00e9grer le secteur priv\u00e9, apprend-on. En effet, M. Jegham a accept\u00e9 d\u2019\u00eatre le responsable du d\u00e9veloppement au sein du groupe d\u2019investissement General Mediterranean Holding (GMH) appartenant \u00e0 l\u2019homme d\u2019affaires britannique d\u2019origine irakienne M.Nadhmi Auchi. Ce groupe op\u00e8re dans plusieurs secteurs, dont le tourisme (o\u00f9 il a plusieurs affaires en Tunisie), l\u2019immobilier, la finance et l\u2019aviation un peu partout dans le monde. Notons que M. Jegham si\u00e8gera dans la capitale jordanienne Amman.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(Source\u00a0: R\u00e9alit\u00e9s N\u00b0 1003 du 12 mai 2005)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Coop\u00e9ration Tunisie \u2013 OTAN<\/span><\/b> <\/span> M. Jean-Pierre Juneau, Ambassadeur et repr\u00e9sentant permanent du Canada aupr\u00e8s de l\u2019OTAN \u00e0 Bruxelles, a effectu\u00e9 une visite de travail en Tunisie durant deux jours les 9 et 10 mai 2005. Au cours de son s\u00e9jour, M. Juneau s\u2019est entretenu avec des autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes du minist\u00e8re des Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res et a eu un entretien avec le ministre de la D\u00e9fense Nationale. L\u2019ambassadeur canadien a \u00e9galement donn\u00e9 une conf\u00e9rence \u00e0 l\u2019Institut Diplomatique. Apr\u00e8s sa visite \u00e0 Alger et en vertu de l\u2019accord de Partenariat politique qui lie la Tunisie au Canada depuis janvier 2005, le diplomate canadien a \u00e9tudi\u00e9 avec les autorit\u00e9s tunisiennes les possibilit\u00e9s et les projets de coop\u00e9ration dans un esprit de dialogue et de transparence.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(Source\u00a0: R\u00e9alit\u00e9s N\u00b0 1003 du 12 mai 2005)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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Programme europ\u00e9en d\u2019appui aux m\u00e9dias en Tunisie<\/span><\/b> <\/span> Le Centre africain de perfectionnement des journalistes et communicateurs (CAPJC), la D\u00e9l\u00e9gation de la Communaut\u00e9 europ\u00e9enne \u00e0 Tunis et le Centre europ\u00e9en de journalisme ont organis\u00e9 le mercredi 11 mai, \u00e0 Tunis, une journ\u00e9e de lancement pour le d\u00e9marrage du programme \u201cd\u2019appui aux m\u00e9dias en Tunisie \u201d. Visant essentiellement la mise \u00e0 niveau des ressources humaines dans le secteur des m\u00e9dias en Tunisie, ce programme entend contribuer au renforcement du r\u00f4le de l\u2019information dans un contexte d\u2019approfondissement des liens entre les m\u00e9dias et la Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile. Le montant allou\u00e9 par l\u2019UE \u00e0 ce projet, dont la mise en \u0153uvre est assur\u00e9e par le CAPJC, est de 2,15 millions d\u2019euros.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(Source\u00a0: R\u00e9alit\u00e9s N\u00b0 1003 du 12 mai 2005)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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EN BREF<\/font><\/span><\/h6>\n

* Le pool des agences maghr\u00e9bines de presse ont d\u00e9sormais un site Internet sur le lien www.pooluma.org<\/font><\/a> <\/span> . <\/span> Ce site regroupe des d\u00e9p\u00eaches des cinq agences de presse du Maghreb. <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/span>* <\/span> La capitale malienne Bamako verra bient\u00f4t une place \u00e9rig\u00e9e au nom du Pr\u00e9sident Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. C\u2019est une entreprise tunisienne priv\u00e9e qui assurera le chantier de la place ainsi que de quelques b\u00e2timents avoisinants. <\/span> <\/p>\n

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* M. Mohamed Missaoui<\/b> a \u00e9t\u00e9 nomm\u00e9 officiellement la semaine derni\u00e8re au poste de r\u00e9dacteur en chef du quotidien \u00ab\u00a0La Presse\u00a0\u00bb, en remplacement de M. Moncef Ben Amor<\/b>. <\/span><\/p>\n

M. Manoubi Marouki<\/span><\/b> a regagn\u00e9, par ailleurs, son poste de r\u00e9dacteur en chef nation du \u00ab\u00a0Quotidien\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

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* Nous apprenons que M. Karim Barnoussi, directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de Microsoft Afrique du Nord, a d\u00e9missionn\u00e9 de ses fonctions. <\/span><\/p>\n

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* Notre confr\u00e8re Abdelhamid Gmati<\/b> a publi\u00e9 r\u00e9cemment un recueil de ses chroniques \u201cPoint de Mire\u201d dans un ouvrage intitul\u00e9 \u201cPoint de rep\u00e8res\u201d. Publi\u00e9 aux \u00e9ditions Sahar, ce recueil, pr\u00e9fac\u00e9 par M. Ridha Najar, reprend les chroniques de l\u2019ancien r\u00e9dacteur en chef de La Presse, publi\u00e9es entre 1985 et 1989 et de 1999 \u00e0 2002. Il compte \u00e9galement quelques chroniques in\u00e9dites. <\/span><\/p>\n

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(Source\u00a0: R\u00e9alit\u00e9s N\u00b0 1003 du 12 mai 2005)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Textile- Devedjian demande \u00e0 la Chine une concurrence loyale<\/font><\/h6>\n

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Reuters, le 12.05.2005 \u00e0 10<\/span>h<\/span>47<\/span><\/p>\n

PARIS, 12 mai (Reuters) – A la veille d’un voyage de huit jours en Chine, le ministre fran\u00e7ais d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 \u00e0 l’Industrie a estim\u00e9 jeudi sur RTL que la concurrence des produits textiles chinois \u00e9tait \u00ab\u00a0anormale\u00a0\u00bb et qu’il esp\u00e9rait convaincre ses interlocuteurs de corriger cette anomalie.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Patrick Devedjian a \u00e9galement jug\u00e9 que la r\u00e9action de la Commission europ\u00e9enne au d\u00e9ferlement de ces produits en Europe n’\u00e9tait \u00ab\u00a0pas assez rapide\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu’il avait l’intention de dire aux dirigeants chinois que la situation, concernant les produits textiles, \u00e9tait \u00ab\u00a0devenue anormale\u00a0\u00bb depuis la suppression des quotas au d\u00e9but de l’ann\u00e9e en vertu d’accords conclus en 1994.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00ab\u00a0Naturellement depuis 10 ans on pouvait se pr\u00e9parer et on l’a fait\u00a0\u00bb, a fait valoir le ministre. \u00ab\u00a0La France, notamment, s’est tr\u00e8s bien pr\u00e9par\u00e9e \u00e0 cette \u00e9ch\u00e9ance mais elle s’est pr\u00e9par\u00e9e \u00e0 une concurrence normale. Et l\u00e0 nous sommes souvent dans une concurrence anormale.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00ab\u00a0Anormale d\u00e9j\u00e0 par les quantit\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il poursuivi. \u00ab\u00a0D’un seul coup vous avez sur certains produits des augmentations de 500%, brutalement, du jour au lendemain, des baisses de prix de 50 % sur certains produits.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00ab\u00a0D’autre part, si je regarde les saisies de contrefa\u00e7ons qui ont eu lieu l’ann\u00e9e derni\u00e8re en mati\u00e8re textile, sur 550.000 objets saisis (…) 70% sont d’origine chinoise\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il ajout\u00e9. \u00ab\u00a0La contrefa\u00e7on, ce n’est pas normal non plus.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

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Il a \u00e9galement fait valoir que les entreprises chinoises du textile sont \u00ab\u00a0tr\u00e8s souvent (…) des entreprises qui vivent dans une sorte d’\u00e9conomie mixte, avec des aides d’Etat qui nous sont interdites en Eruope et en particulier en France.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00ab\u00a0Donc tout ceci fait que les conditions de la concurrence ne sont pas \u00e9quitables\u00a0\u00bb, a insist\u00e9 Patrick Devedjian, qui a dit attendre des dirigeants chinois \u00ab\u00a0une concurrence loyale\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Il a ainsi pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 qu’il comptait \u00e9voquer avec eux le probl\u00e8mes des contrefa\u00e7ons.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Les chinois sont d’accord l\u00e0-dessus. Ils sont aussi ouverts, ils sont parfois aussi d\u00e9pass\u00e9s, m\u00eame, par leur succ\u00e8s\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il soulign\u00e9. \u00ab\u00a0Donc j’attends de ce point de vue-l\u00e0 un v\u00e9ritable effort, m\u00eame si les choses sont bien engag\u00e9es.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

L’UE \u00ab\u00a0SOLIDAIRE\u00a0\u00bb DU MAGHREB<\/font><\/span><\/h6>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Il a \u00e9galement d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu’il entendait \u00e9voquer la question des aides d’Etat et estim\u00e9 que la Chine \u00e9tait, l\u00e0 encore, \u00ab\u00a0dispos\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 \u00e9voluer sur ce sujet.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0Par exemple, je sais que la Chine a l’intention de privatiser ce qui repr\u00e9sente encore de grands conglom\u00e9rats textiles dans lesquels la notion de co\u00fbt de revient n’a absolument pas le m\u00eame sens qu’elle peut avoir en Europe\u00a0\u00bb, a expliqu\u00e9 le ministre d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 \u00e0 l’Industrie.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

La France, appuy\u00e9e par d’autres pays de l’Union, a obtenu de la Commission europ\u00e9enne qu’elle ouvre une enqu\u00eate sur neuf cat\u00e9gories d’articles textiles pour examiner la mise en oeuvre \u00e9ventuelle de clauses de sauvegarde pr\u00e9vues par l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Patrick Devedjian juge cependant cette action insuffisante.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

La Commission europ\u00e9enne \u00ab\u00a0n’est pas assez rapide, de mon point de vue\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il d\u00e9clar\u00e9. \u00ab\u00a0La Commission europ\u00e9enne a lanc\u00e9 la proc\u00e9dure de sauvegarde sur neuf produits. Il y en a 16 qui rentrent en fait dans les seuils d’alerte\u00a0\u00bb (c’est-\u00e0-dire dont les exportations ont augment\u00e9 de plus de 100%).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0La Commission s’est born\u00e9e \u00e0 lancer la proc\u00e9dure sur neuf. \u0627a je le regrette\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il ajout\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Patrick Devedjian a insist\u00e9 sur le fait que les produits chinois se substituaient \u00e0 des articles produits par des partenaires plus traditionnels de l’Union europ\u00e9enne, dont le Maghreb, o\u00f9 les exportations chinoises provoquent selon lui de v\u00e9ritables \u00ab\u00a0drames\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

<\/span>\u00ab\u00a0Par exemple l’industrie tunisienne, pour 50%, repose sur le textile. Elle est touch\u00e9e de plein fouet et on n’aura bient\u00f4t plus d’importations de textiles tunisiens, remplac\u00e9s par des textiles chinois\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il expliqu\u00e9. \u00ab\u00a0C’est un drame pour eux (les Tunisiens) et \u00e7a nous touche, naturellement.\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/b> <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Il a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 qu’il \u00e9voquerait aussi cette question avec ses interlocuteurs chinois.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0L’Union europ\u00e9enne a constitu\u00e9 un vaste march\u00e9 qui est la zone Euro-Med en mati\u00e8re textile, qui comprend 45 pays – les 25 pays de l’UE et 20 pays du pourtour m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en. Et donc nous sommes solidaires\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-il soulign\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

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<\/span><\/font> <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n
L’Italienne Emma Bonino n’est plus dans la course \u00e0 la direction du HCR<\/font><\/h6>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/strong> AFP, le 13.05.2005 \u00e0 08h36<\/font><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ROME, 13 mai 2005 (AFP) – L’Italienne Emma Bonino n’est plus en\u00a0 course pour diriger le Haut commissariat de l’Onu pour les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s\u00a0 (HCR), a-t-elle d\u00e9clar\u00e9 vendredi, cit\u00e9e vendredi par le Corriere\u00a0 della Sera. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Le quotidien italien a obtenu aupr\u00e8s de Mme Bonino la\u00a0 confirmation de cette information, donn\u00e9e la veille par un quotidien\u00a0 australien. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Je le savais depuis des jours et je suis vraiment en col\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb, a\u00a0 d\u00e9clar\u00e9 au journal Mme Bonino, parlementaire europ\u00e9enne et ancien\u00a0 commissaire europ\u00e9en \u00e0 la p\u00eache, \u00e0 la consommation et \u00e0 l’aide\u00a0 humanitaire d’urgence. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Elle a reproch\u00e9 au gouvernement italien de ne pas avoir\u00a0 suffisamment soutenu sa candidature. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Pourquoi cela s’est-il termin\u00e9 comme \u00e7a. Demandez le \u00e0 notre\u00a0 gouvernement qui s’est endormi et a continu\u00e9 \u00e0 dormir et m’a laiss\u00e9\u00a0 tomber\u00a0\u00bb, a-t-elle ajout\u00e9. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L’Onu avait demand\u00e9 aux pays membres du HCR de proposer des\u00a0 candidats pour succ\u00e9der au n\u00e9erlandais Ruud Lubbers qui avait\u00a0 d\u00e9missionn\u00e9 \u00e0 la suite d’all\u00e9gations de harc\u00e8lement sexuel port\u00e9es\u00a0 contre lui. Fin mars l’organisation internationale avait rendu\u00a0 publique une liste r\u00e9duite de huit candidats, parmi lesquels\u00a0 figurait Mme Bonino. <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Selon le journal italien, restent en lice, l’ancien Premier\u00a0 ministre portugais Antonio Gutterres, le Fran\u00e7ais Bernard Kouchner,\u00a0 ancien ministre de la sant\u00e9 et repr\u00e9sentant sp\u00e9cial de l’Onu au\u00a0 Kosovo, <\/span> le Tunisien Kamel Morjane, Haut-Commissaire adjoint pour les\u00a0 r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s<\/font><\/span>, le Danois Soeren Jenssen-Petersen, repr\u00e9sentant sp\u00e9cial de\u00a0 l’Onu au Kosovo et l’Australien Gareth Evans, ancien ministre des\u00a0 Affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res et pr\u00e9sident de l’International Crisis Group \u00e0\u00a0 Bruxelles. <\/span><\/font> <\/span><\/font><\/span><\/strong> <\/span><\/span><\/font><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/font><\/h6>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 : \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0645 .<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/p>\n

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1 \u0640 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 . <\/font> <\/span><\/p>\n

2 \u0640 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 .<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

3 \u0640 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 . <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

4 \u0640 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0641\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0634\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0634\u064a .<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a :<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

1 \u0640 \u0625\u0647\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a . 2 \u0640 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 . 3 \u0640 \u0625\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0629 . <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

4 \u0640 \u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 : \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

5 \u0640 \u0625\u0647\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0636\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0636\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062d\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 . 6 \u0640 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0644 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 : <\/font> <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0627 . \u0644\u0626\u0646 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 . \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0637\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0642 . \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u064a \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627 . \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0646 .<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643<\/font> \/ \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/font><\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/font><\/p>\n

<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627<\/p>\n

<\/font><\/h6>\n

<\/p>\n

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<\/font> <\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n
  1. \n

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    <\/font> <\/p>\n

  2. \n

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    <\/font>\u00a0 <\/font><\/font> <\/p>\n

  3. \n

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    <\/font> <\/p>\n

  4. \n

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    <\/font>\u00a0 <\/p>\n

  5. \n

    \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0638\u0647 \u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631. <\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    <\/font> <\/font><\/font><\/font><\/ol>\n

    <\/p>\n

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    <\/font> <\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n
    1. \n

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      <\/font>\u00a0 <\/p>\n

    2. \n

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      <\/font> <\/p>\n

    3. \n

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      <\/font> <\/font><\/font><\/ol>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n

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      <\/font><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n\n

      \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/div>\n
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      \u00a0<\/p>\n\n

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      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

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      \u00a0<\/p>\n

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      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      <\/font> <\/p>\n

      \n

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      Email\u00a0: <\/font> yfethi@yahoo.fr<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/font> <\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

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      \u00a0<\/p>\n

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      \u00a0<\/p>\n

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      <\/font> <\/p>\n

      \n

      <\/font> \u00a0<\/font><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font>)<\/font><\/span>http:\/\/www.tunisnews.net\/26octobre04.htm<\/font><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/b> <\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

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      <\/font> <\/p>\n

      Email\u00a0: <\/font> yfethi@yahoo.fr<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/font><\/font> <\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n\n

      <\/p>\n

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      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      \u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      \u0634\u0647\u0627\u0628<\/font> \/\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

      chiheb@swissinfo.org<\/a><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

      <\/font> <\/p>\n\n

      <\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n
      \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0649<\/font><\/h6>\n

      <\/span><\/h6>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647<\/font><\/span><\/h6>\n

      \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0651\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0648\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0649 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0649\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0649<\/font><\/span>\u0650<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062b\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0631<\/font><\/span>,<\/font><\/span> \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0632 \u0648 \u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0649\u0651 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0649 .\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0627 \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u064a\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0638\u064a\u0639 .<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0648 \u0638\u0628\u0649 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b\u0651.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635, \u0628\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621, \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633, \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629, \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0651\u0629,\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647, \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621, \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629,\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0639\u0645\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0628, \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647, \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a, \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0629, \u0639\u0632\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633, \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644, \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0629 , \u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0629 .<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647 .<\/font><\/span><\/h6>\n
      \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0636\u0649.<\/font><\/span><\/h6>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0631 <\/strong> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/strong><\/p>\n\n

      <\/p>\n

      \u0628\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      \u00a0\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629:\u0645\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

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      \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

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      \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627:<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

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      \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627:<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

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      \u00a0\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627:<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

      <\/font> <\/span> <\/p>\n

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      \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627:<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

      \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u00a0\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/u> ,\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629.(\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0648 \u0648\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633.)<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627:<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

      \u0623\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0636\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627:<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

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      \u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627:<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

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      \u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0627:<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

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      <\/font> ,\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 : \u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0627<\/u> \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0632\u063a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f !\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span> <\/p>\n

      \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627:<\/span><\/u><\/p>\n

      \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a ,\u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 .<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0633\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<\/u> \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0634\u062f \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0633\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0649 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0646\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0645\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0623\u062e\u0648\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 5 \u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1426 \u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u064413 \u0645\u0627\u064a 2005<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631: 00496112054989<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644: 00491785466311<\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/font> <\/p>\n

      reporteur2005@yahoo.de<\/font><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

      <\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font> <\/p>\n\n

      <\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n
      Stifled Tunisia gets a UN reward<\/strong><\/font><\/h6>\n

      \u00a0<\/font><\/div>\n

      By Kamel Labidi<\/font><\/strong> Commentary by Saturday, May 14, 2005 <\/div>\n

      <\/p>\n

      No Arab ruler pays more lip service to democracy and press freedom, while simultaneously silencing critics and independent journalists, than Tunisian President Zein al-Abedin ben Ali. Addressing the state-run Tunisian Association of Newspapers Editors (TANE) and the Association of Journalists (AJ) recently on the eve of World Press Freedom Day, Ben Ali claimed that under his rule, press freedom and free __expression were gaining ground and that journalists were \u00ab\u00a0performing their mission\u00a0\u00bb through outlets \u00ab\u00a0free and committed to democracy.\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 The president was hardly speaking to a credible audience. TANE was expelled in 1997 from the World Association of Newspapers for its failure to defend press freedom, while AJ saw its membership suspended in 2004 by the International Federation of Journalists for awarding Ben Ali its \u00ab\u00a0Golden Quill\u00a0\u00bb award.\u00a0 The president’s statements came as delegates representing several international groups committed to the protection of freedom of __expression were heading to Tunisia to release two alarming reports on the regime’s attacks against the rights of free __expression, association and assembly. Paradoxically, Tunisia will host the United Nation’s World Summit on Information Society (WSIS) in November. Attacks on freedom of __expression and police harassment of independent journalists like Lotfi Hajji, the head of the Syndicate of Tunisian Journalists, continued unabated even on World Press Freedom Day. Hajji was summoned twice in less than a week by police for making public a report holding the government responsible for turning the Tunisian media into a lifeless tool of misinformation. Alexis Krikorian of the Geneva-based International Publishers Association declared afterward: \u00ab\u00a0It is ironic that the Tunisian authorities are choosing to mark World Press Freedom Day in this way. But it is even more ironic that while the authorities are harassing Hajji, they are telling us that there is no harassment of the media in Tunisia.\u00a0\u00bb Krikorian and his colleagues in the 13-member Tunisia Monitoring Group, established in 2004 under the umbrella of the International Freedom of __Expression Exchange (IFEX), just launched the Arabic edition of a report titled, \u00ab\u00a0Tunisia: Freedom of __Expression under Siege.\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 The report documents cases of individuals imprisoned for \u00ab\u00a0__expression of their opinions or media activities\u00a0\u00bb and the importation and distribution of books. It mentioned that the authorities had also obstructed Web sites and prevented peaceful public assembly. The report also shed light on police surveillance and harassment of political dissidents and human rights defenders. Mark Bench of the World Press Freedom Committee, one of the members of IFEX Tunisia Monitoring Group, told Tunisian officials that \u00ab\u00a0he had traveled nearly 200 times in recent years in different parts of the world, but has never experienced so much police surveillance.\u00a0\u00bb The group’s recommendations seem to have fallen on deaf ears, like those made nearly five years ago by the UN Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of the Right to Freedom of Opinion and __Expression, Abid Hussain. The UN official was struck by the \u00ab\u00a0uniformity of tone\u00a0\u00bb of the Tunisian media and the absence of criticism of the government. His recommendations to \u00ab\u00a0remove all obstacles to intellectual and artistic creativity\u00a0\u00bb and to stop harassing \u00ab\u00a0persons seeking to exercise their right to freedom of opinion and __expression\u00a0\u00bb provoked anger and denial from official sources. The second report on Tunisia launched recently was the work of the Paris-based International Federation for Human Rights, the World Organization against Torture and a Canadian group called Rights and Democracy. It repeated the familiar accusations leveled against Tunisia’s regime and urged the government to make \u00ab\u00a0substantive progress\u00a0\u00bb toward freedom of __expression. Both the latter report and the one by the IFEX Tunisia Monitoring Group warned that the failure of the Tunisian government to end attacks on human rights and free __expression \u00ab\u00a0may compromise the effectiveness and the credibility\u00a0\u00bb of the WSIS. Indeed, many Tunisians are wondering why their government was allowed to host the UN summit in the first place. \u00ab\u00a0This meeting is going to be rather negative because there is no guarantee that the voices of Tunisians striving to be free and peacefully opposing dictatorship will be heard,\u00a0\u00bb said Mohammad Talbi, a former university dean and prominent advocate of freedom of __expression. Meanwhile, the arrests continue. On April 28, Mohammad Abbou, a prominent human rights lawyer, was sentenced to three and a half years in prison for, among other things, an Internet article in which he compared the inhumane conditions in Tunisian prisons to those of the U.S.-run Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq. In early May another human rights lawyer, Fawzi ben Mrad, was sentenced to four months in prison after criticizing the government. How did Ben Ali assert his autocracy? In 1992, he opportunistically used the outbreak of violence in neighboring Algeria following the cancellation of the results of the first round of legislative elections (which the Islamic Salvation Front was poised to win) to crack down on dissent in Tunisia. President George W. Bush’s \u00ab\u00a0war on terror\u00a0\u00bb provided him with another precious opportunity to tighten the screws on what was once the most vibrant society in the region. Indeed, Tunisia, 145 years ago, was the first entity in the Middle East and North Africa to have a Constitution, and in 1956 it was the first to grant women their rights. It is unlikely that the government will do anything but introduce cosmetic changes before the WSIS summit. Indeed, little can be expected from Ben Ali when it comes to freedom of __expression. The regime prefers sycophants who write propaganda pieces about the president, the same man who claims he is paving the way for greater democracy in Tunisia.<\/div>\n
      Kamel Labidi is a freelance journalist in Cairo. He wrote this commentary for THE DAILY STAR.<\/div>\n
      \u00a0<\/div>\n
      (Source: The Daily Star Saturday, May 14, 2005)<\/div>\n

      <\/font><\/p>\n\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      Appel \u00e0 la solidarit\u00e9 : <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n

      Les robes noires libres sont notre s\u00e9rieuse chance pour vaincre la dictature<\/font> <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      <\/font> <\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Les robes noires libres sont notre s\u00e9rieuse chance pour en finir avec la dictature. Il faut les soutenir et les relayer.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Que nous soyons tous solidaires des robes noires libres et courageux, que nous soyons tous solidaires les uns des autres car rester spectateur et passif en temps de dictature est un crime contre la patrie. C’est notre chance la plus s\u00e9rieuse (le dictateur a s\u00e9rieusement peur du combat des avocats pour la libert\u00e9 et la justice) pour reprendre le flambeau des avocats libres et faire chuter la dictature. Rappelons-nous, l’avocat Bourguiba a gagn\u00e9 contre le colonialisme car il a \u00e9t\u00e9 soutenu par ses compatriotes.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Je sugg\u00e8re aux avocats tunisiens dignes et courageux une action symbolique : faire gr\u00e8ve une journ\u00e9e par semaine en mettant du scotch sous forme de X sur la bouche (dans les enceintes des palais de justice) en guise de protestation contre la r\u00e9pression du r\u00e9gime et ce tant que leurs confr\u00e8res n’ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 lib\u00e9r\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Les avocats tunisiens m\u00e9ritent la solidarit\u00e9 de toute la population et en particulier estudiantine qui doit se mobiliser pour d\u00e9fendre avec les avocats le droit \u00e0 une justice ind\u00e9pendante et de faire bouger la rue pour enfin faire chuter cette dictature haineuse et retranch\u00e9e sous terre en mettant sur le front et pour les basses besognes des \u00ab\u00a0juges\u00a0\u00bb et des \u00ab\u00a0journalistes\u00a0\u00bb mercenaires.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Les avocats tunisiens sont aujourd’hui le dernier bastion capable de r\u00e9sister \u00e0 la dictature et pourquoi pas allumer la flamme qui la br\u00fblera \u00e0 jamais.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Dans un autre pays, devenu d\u00e9mocratique, ce sont les colonels patriotes (la r\u00e9volution des oeillets au Portugal) qui ont fait la r\u00e9volution, pourquoi pas les avocats patriotes tunisiens qui balayeront la dictature du pouvoir. Le pouvoir est tr\u00e8s conscient de l’importance et de la dangerosit\u00e9 du mouvement des avocats, c’est pour cela qu’il frappe fort et c’est pour cela qu’il faut que les \u00e9tudiants, les lyc\u00e9ens, les enseignants, les fonctionnaires, les cadres, les syndicalistes et par la suite la masse populaire les soutiennent par tous les moyens afin de faire chuter le r\u00e9gime dictatorial en Tunisie.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Les ingr\u00e9dients d’une insurrection populaire en Tunisie sont l\u00e0 : l’affaire de Me Aabou, ses suites et la solidarit\u00e9 de ses confr\u00e8res, le SMSI, la visite de Sharon, les visites du CICR aux prisons tunisiennes… ne demandent qu’un catalyseur pour faire tomber la dictature.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      De tous les avis (diplomates et connaisseurs de la Tunisie), il ne faut que quelques milliers de manifestants dans chaque grande ville tunisienne pour que le premier usurpateur et grand tra\u00eetre disparaisse du paysage tunisien !<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Soyons courageux pour notre pays, c’est un honneur et un DEVOIR que de lib\u00e9rer sa patrie du colonialisme de la dictature mafieuse. A nous de passer \u00e0 l’action si on ne veut pas que la dictature s’\u00e9ternise.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Je termine mon plaidoyer en lan\u00e7ant un d\u00e9fi au premier ministre Mohamed Ghanouchi : Monsieur le 1er ministre, si vous \u00eates un homme libre, si vous \u00eates innocent de la r\u00e9pression exerc\u00e9e quotidiennement et syst\u00e9matiquement contre les voies libres en Tunisie, si vous \u00eates innocent des crimes et d\u00e9lits commis contre des prisonniers d’opinion et des militants de d\u00e9fense des DDH, si vous \u00eates innocent de la d\u00e9linquance organis\u00e9e et commandit\u00e9e au plus haut niveau de ce qui reste de l’\u00e9tat tunisien, si vous \u00eates innocent des \u00e9lections mascarades, si vous croyez en l’\u00e9tat de droit, la libert\u00e9 d’opinion et d’information, la libert\u00e9 d’association et de r\u00e9union, des \u00e9lections transparentes et si vous \u00eates patriote alors je vous d\u00e9fie de cesser d’\u00eatre caution d’une dictature en fin de vie en d\u00e9missionnant de toutes vos fonctions (1er ministre, et autres fonctions au RCD). Le peuple appr\u00e9ciera votre geste. Sinon l’histoire vous rattrapera.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Salutations citoyennes.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Citoyen sans dignit\u00e9 dans son pays.<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n\n

      \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Les immigrants Tunisiens peuvent participer \u00e0 la vie civile Tunisienne.<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Sadreddine Sarray<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      L’id\u00e9e principale de cette r\u00e9flexion est de trouver une id\u00e9e, permettant \u00e0 la population Tunisienne \u00e0 l’\u00e9tranger de participer \u00e0 la vie civile et scientifique de leur pays d’origine.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      En effet avec le geste tr\u00e8s simple d’envoyer chaque ann\u00e9e un livre scientifique \u00e0 l’occasion de la f\u00eate de l’Aid \u00e0 son \u00e9cole ou bien \u00e0 son universit\u00e9 d’origine, va influencer les jeunes positivement et sera un geste consid\u00e9rable pour aider le transfert technologique vers les jeunes Tunisiens.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Il faut savoir que le progr\u00e8s de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Tunisienne est bas\u00e9 sur le d\u00e9veloppement des ressources humaines, vu que la Tunisie ne poss\u00e8de pas des ressources naturelles consid\u00e9rables, et participer de loin au d\u00e9veloppement de ce potentiel , permettra \u00e0 la population d’avoir un support suppl\u00e9mentaire pour\u00a0 se prendre en main .<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      <\/font> <\/p>\n

      Le miracle Sud Am\u00e9ricain<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      <\/font> <\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Sadreddine Sarray<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      J’ai eu la chance de conna\u00eetre les sud am\u00e9ricains depuis que je suis \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al pour des \u00e9tudes sup\u00e9rieures en ing\u00e9nierie. Les sud am\u00e9ricains m’ont impressionn\u00e9 par une seule chose que les arabes n’ont pas, c’est l’esprit communautaire.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      On peut regarder dans l’histoire des latino, et on peut bien voir que ces gens ont souffert sous des dictatures pire que celles des peuples arabes, et malgr\u00e9 \u00e7a, ils sont aujourd’hui entrain de construire une \u00e9conomie impressionnante. <\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Il n’y a aucun doute que l’esprit communautaire et l’esprit de l’entraide sont \u00e0 la base de ce succ\u00e8s, en effet les sud am\u00e9ricains ont appris \u00e0 travers leurs malheurs qu’il faudrait bien vivre avec les moyens du bord, et utiliser au maximum leurs ressources humaines pour am\u00e9liorer leurs situation.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Les sud am\u00e9ricains ont con\u00e7u des mouvement politiques sociaux qui visent tout simplement l’am\u00e9lioration de la situation du citoyen normal et modeste, par des programmes de b\u00e9n\u00e9volat et par des programmes de d\u00e9veloppement local.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      L’id\u00e9e principale derri\u00e8re ces programmes est d’am\u00e9liorer le civisme chez la population, et de faire participer toutes les couches de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 dans des projets communs, dans le but de diminuer la souffrance de la population.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Je donne un exemple simple pour un projet communautaire et social : <\/span><\/p>\n

      La cr\u00e9ation d’un comit\u00e9 d’infirmi\u00e8res qui de temps en temps participe b\u00e9n\u00e9volement pour donner de la formation aux femmes dans des centres communautaires et sociaux .<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Cette initiative politique socialiste, n’a pas eu un impact n\u00e9gatif direct sur les pouvoirs dictateurs, et en m\u00eame temps elle a initi\u00e9 la population au civisme, au nationalisme, et \u00e0 l’entraide, ce qui a automatiquement g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 apr\u00e8s une g\u00e9n\u00e9ration une classe politique ayant un sens d’entrepreneurship\u00a0 tr\u00e8s d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 qui fait que la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l’Am\u00e9rique du sud est devenue une puissance \u00e9mergeante capable d’imposer ses points de vue \u00e0 ses propres dirigeants et au monde entier.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Je me demande, pourquoi les partis de l’opposition dans les pays arabes ne se manifestent que lorsqu’il est question de partager le pouvoir ?<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      Pourquoi ne mobilisent ils, pour au moins une fois, les jeunes pour planter des arbres dans leurs cartiers et les initier \u00e0 la maintenance de leurs nouveau jardin communautaire.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n

      A mon avis b\u00e2tir un avenir politique pour un pays commence par b\u00e2tir tout d’abord des r\u00e9flexes de civisme chez la population, c’est ce que les partis de l’opposition oublient, et c’est ce que g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement le parti au pouvoir ne peut pas faire vu que ce genre de partis manque g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement de cr\u00e9dibilit\u00e9 sociale et manque de temps.<\/span><\/p>\n\n

      <\/font><\/font> <\/p>\n

      Foreign Policy Research Institute<\/span><\/strong> A Catalyst for Ideas<\/span><\/strong> www.fpri.org<\/span><\/strong> E-Notes<\/span><\/strong> Distributed Exclusively via Fax & Email<\/span><\/strong> <\/span><\/b> THE IMPACT OF ARAB SATELLITE TELEVISION ON THE PROSPECTS FOR DEMOCRACY IN THE ARAB WORLD<\/font><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

      <\/font> <\/p>\n

      <\/span><\/b> by S. Abdallah Schleifer<\/span><\/strong> May 12, 2005 <\/u><\/b> <\/span> S. Abdallah\u00a0 Schleifer, an\u00a0 Associate Scholar\u00a0 of\u00a0 FPRI,\u00a0 is director of\u00a0 the Adham\u00a0 Center (for training and research in broadcast journalism)\u00a0 at the\u00a0 American University in Cairo, and publisher\u00a0 of Transnational\u00a0 Broadcasting Studies, an E-journal that\u00a0 the Center\u00a0 publishes in\u00a0 partnership with the Middle East Centre, St. Antony’s College, Oxford.\u00a0 Schleifer is former\u00a0 NBC News\u00a0 bureau chief\u00a0 in Cairo\u00a0 and covered the Middle East\u00a0 for two\u00a0 decades for\u00a0 American and\u00a0 Arab media. This essay\u00a0 is based\u00a0 on a\u00a0 presentation at the FPRI Sponsor Forum, hosted by Pepper Hamilton LLP on April 19, 2005.\u00a0The views expressed are those of the author alone.<\/span> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 THE IMPACT OF ARAB SATELLITE TELEVISION<\/span><\/strong> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ON THE PROSPECTS FOR DEMOCRACY IN THE ARAB WORLD<\/span><\/strong> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 by S. Abdallah Schleifer<\/span><\/strong><\/b> Has Arab\u00a0 satellite television\u00a0 had a positive impact on the prospects for democracy in the Arab world?\u00a0 Yes, and in more ways than one might imagine. <\/span> NEWS IN THE ARAB WORLD BEFORE THE AGE OF SATELLITE TV<\/span><\/strong> Little more\u00a0 than a\u00a0 decade ago\u00a0 there was\u00a0 no such thing as television\u00a0 journalism\u00a0 in\u00a0 the\u00a0 Arab\u00a0 world. State-owned national television\u00a0 channels had news bulletins, but in the sense of\u00a0 news value\u00a0 —\u00a0 stories\u00a0 covered\u00a0 and\u00a0 transmitted because of\u00a0 some intangible\u00a0 but intrinsic\u00a0 news value about which professionals are almost always in a rough consensus — there was no such thing as \u00ab\u00a0TV journalism.\u00a0\u00bb News bulletins were dominated by footage covering ceremonial occasions of\u00a0 state, and\u00a0 this held true whether the country was a\u00a0 republic or\u00a0 a monarchy:\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0 ruler receiving newly accredited diplomats;\u00a0 the ruler\u00a0 hosting\u00a0 another\u00a0 head\u00a0 of state and,\u00a0 more recently,\u00a0 with his\u00a0 guest\u00a0 addressing\u00a0 the press; the\u00a0 ruler received\u00a0 at the\u00a0 airport\u00a0 upon\u00a0 returning home; the\u00a0 ruler\u00a0 addressing\u00a0 parliament\u00a0 on\u00a0 a\u00a0 significant occasion; the\u00a0 ruler inaugurating\u00a0 a new\u00a0 dam or\u00a0 some other massive facility.\u00a0\u00a0 But do not imagine that state television was devoted solely to recording ceremonial activities of the ruler; there\u00a0 was also\u00a0 the\u00a0 prime\u00a0 minister\u00a0 —\u00a0 the\u00a0 prime minister convening\u00a0 a meeting\u00a0 of\u00a0 the\u00a0 cabinet;\u00a0 the\u00a0 prime minister or other ministers opening factories. In this sealed universe, there were no television reporters, just a\u00a0 cameraman who\u00a0 recorded the event, editing-in-camera so to\u00a0 speak, in order that his film or tape could be played directly that\u00a0 evening on\u00a0 the news,\u00a0 while a presenter read wire copy\u00a0 from the\u00a0 state or semi-official news agency that had covered\u00a0 the same\u00a0 event.\u00a0\u00a0 Since\u00a0 the\u00a0 wire\u00a0 copy\u00a0 only approximated the\u00a0 footage being\u00a0 shown — the same event but with nothing\u00a0 written to\u00a0 picture, nor any picture edited to fit the copy — there was always a desultory, oddly detached quality, aside\u00a0 from the\u00a0 basic banality\u00a0 of the events that were covered. Unlike radio\u00a0 there was\u00a0 no comparison\u00a0 effect.\u00a0 Terrestrial television had\u00a0 a range\u00a0 of 50\u00a0 miles.\u00a0With\u00a0 boosters\u00a0 the signal could\u00a0 be relayed\u00a0 the length\u00a0 of a\u00a0 country but\u00a0 not beyond its\u00a0 borders. Unlike\u00a0 BBC Arabic Radio Service, which anyone could listen to in the Arab world, no one in the Arab world\u00a0 could\u00a0\u00a0 see\u00a0 BBC\u00a0\u00a0 television\u00a0 news,\u00a0\u00a0 or\u00a0 any\u00a0 other broadcaster (be\u00a0 they American, French, or Italian) covering the news according to international standards. Global television\u00a0 news agencies\u00a0 supplied videos\u00a0 of\u00a0 major international news,\u00a0 which at times included regional events like the\u00a0 civil war in Lebanon.\u00a0 But again, this was footage from the\u00a0 field, not\u00a0 a field\u00a0 report.\u00a0\u00a0 The television news agencies provided\u00a0 pictures and a written description of the shots, the\u00a0 location, and names of personalities, but it did not include a script which could be translated and read. The national television\u00a0 channels would\u00a0 again\u00a0 take\u00a0 copy\u00a0 from their own\u00a0 state news\u00a0 agency, or even an international news agency —\u00a0 the copy carefully vetted so as not to contradict the official\u00a0 take on\u00a0 the event.\u00a0\u00a0 But again, this wasn’t a news report,\u00a0 and the\u00a0 copy the anchor read rarely amplified the significance of the picture shown. If it did, the result was purely\u00a0 accidental since\u00a0 the idea of writing to picture was part\u00a0 of the\u00a0 art of a television journalism that simply wasn’t practiced. Regional news\u00a0 — a\u00a0 coup, a\u00a0 civil war, a massacre — might never be\u00a0 broadcast if\u00a0 deemed embarrassing\u00a0 to\u00a0 a\u00a0 friendly fellow Arab state.\u00a0 Or perhaps a report would finally appear a few\u00a0 days late\u00a0 because the\u00a0 channel had\u00a0 waited\u00a0 for\u00a0 the political leadership\u00a0 to decide\u00a0 what its\u00a0 response\u00a0 to\u00a0 the event in\u00a0 a neighboring\u00a0 country might\u00a0 be. Of\u00a0 course\u00a0 this could be\u00a0 ludicrous since\u00a0 short-wave radio\u00a0 —\u00a0 BBC\u00a0 Arabic service, VOA\u00a0 and Monte\u00a0 Carlo Arabic radio — would already be reporting\u00a0 on these\u00a0 events. So\u00a0 at the\u00a0 very least,\u00a0 the \u00ab\u00a0educated classes\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 — a linguistic flourish I’ve gotten use to, living\u00a0 as I\u00a0 do in the Arab world —\u00a0 were aware of the event. Most notoriously in that vein, was the failure of the Saudi official media to mention the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait for more than 48 hours after the event. <\/span> PRESIDENT SADAT AND ME<\/span><\/strong> I must\u00a0 confess that\u00a0 once one understood the system, it had its extra-journalistic\u00a0 uses. Let’s\u00a0 say our\u00a0 bureau (at the time, the\u00a0 NBC News\u00a0 Bureau) was\u00a0 in\u00a0 desperate\u00a0 need\u00a0 of\u00a0 a difficult-to-secure international telephone line. There were very few\u00a0 available in\u00a0 Cairo in\u00a0 the mid-seventies.\u00a0 I knew President Sadat\u00a0 was to inaugurate a new cultural center, so that morning\u00a0 I would show up with my camera crew. Of course NBC News\u00a0 wouldn’t have\u00a0 had the\u00a0 slightest interest\u00a0 in the event, and\u00a0 I had no intention of shipping the film we would shoot.\u00a0\u00a0 Needless to\u00a0 say,\u00a0 my\u00a0 competition,\u00a0 CBS\u00a0 and\u00a0 ABC, weren’t covering;\u00a0 only an\u00a0 Egypt\u00a0 TV\u00a0 cameraman\u00a0 who\u00a0 would always accompany\u00a0 the President would be doing so. Which was just\u00a0 fine.\u00a0 At\u00a0 the\u00a0 right\u00a0 moment\u00a0 I\u00a0 would\u00a0 approach\u00a0 the President and\u00a0 ask him\u00a0 for his\u00a0 reaction to\u00a0 any\u00a0 seemingly relevant question\u00a0 or two\u00a0 — a\u00a0 rumor\u00a0 from\u00a0 Washington,\u00a0 a report from\u00a0 Tel Aviv.\u00a0 Needless to\u00a0 say, my crew would film the stand-up\u00a0 interview. But more importantly, Egypt TV, not having its own correspondent, would film every second of the interview.\u00a0\u00a0 Now in\u00a0 those days\u00a0 there was\u00a0 no television to watch outside\u00a0 Egypt TV, and that night 50 million Egyptians would watch\u00a0 the President\u00a0 and me\u00a0 chatting together\u00a0 about reports from Washington and Tel Aviv, just like old friends. The next\u00a0 morning I\u00a0 would rush\u00a0 over\u00a0 to\u00a0 the\u00a0 Ministry\u00a0 of Telecommunications where\u00a0 everybody would recognize me — it was the\u00a0 foreign correspondent\u00a0 friend of\u00a0 the President!! I would be ushered into the office of the minister, and within minutes, the phone line was ours. <\/span> THE CNN EFFECT<\/span><\/strong> <\/span><\/b> What changed\u00a0 all of\u00a0 this — and here is a pertinent lesson of how\u00a0 benign foreign\u00a0 intervention by force of example can be a\u00a0 motor for change in the Arab world — was CNN coverage of\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 build-up\u00a0 and\u00a0 the\u00a0 eventual\u00a0 combat\u00a0 between\u00a0 the American-led Alliance\u00a0 and Iraq in 1991. There were very few dishes in\u00a0 the Arab world at the time, but given the need to dispel\u00a0 outrageous\u00a0 Iraqi\u00a0 radio\u00a0 propaganda,\u00a0 Egypt,\u00a0 Saudi Arabia,\u00a0 and\u00a0\u00a0 other\u00a0 Arab\u00a0 countries\u00a0 in\u00a0 the\u00a0 American-led Alliance pulled\u00a0 down CNN\u00a0 24\/7 coverage of the build-up and then\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 war,\u00a0 subsequently\u00a0\u00a0 re-transmitting\u00a0 them\u00a0\u00a0 via terrestrial television.\u00a0 Suddenly, Arabs could see events in the Arab world significantly covered — CNN reporters out in the field\u00a0 coming back\u00a0 with\u00a0 finished\u00a0 reports.\u00a0 Since\u00a0 the reports were\u00a0 in English,\u00a0 English speakers were suddenly in great demand\u00a0 in millions\u00a0 of\u00a0 Arab\u00a0 households\u00a0 and\u00a0 coffee shops. In\u00a0 Egypt, a\u00a0 new pay\u00a0 TV company,\u00a0 CNE, continued to retransmit CNN terrestrially after the war had ended. Saudi\u00a0 private interests with very close ties to the\u00a0 palace sensed the\u00a0 importance of\u00a0 satellite news\u00a0 and the potential for mischief\u00a0 if placed\u00a0 in the\u00a0 wrong hands.\u00a0 They\u00a0 quickly moved after\u00a0 the war\u00a0 ended to establish a satellite channel with morning\u00a0 and evening\u00a0 news bulletins\u00a0 transmitting real reports —\u00a0 footage from\u00a0 the field\u00a0 edited into\u00a0 meaningful news stories\u00a0 by Arab correspondents in the field with their cameramen. That\u00a0 channel, MBC, was logically based in London where\u00a0 there\u00a0\u00a0 was\u00a0 already\u00a0\u00a0 a\u00a0 cadre\u00a0 of\u00a0 expatriate\u00a0 Arab journalists trained to international standards, or trainable by executives\u00a0 brought in\u00a0 from the\u00a0 BBC and\u00a0 ITN. There the ambience in\u00a0 no\u00a0 way\u00a0 resembled\u00a0 that\u00a0 of\u00a0 state\u00a0 television channels, which\u00a0 were literally extensions of the ministries of information, invariably occupying the same building. Again one\u00a0 must acknowledge\u00a0 outside influence, in this case at work\u00a0 as ambience\u00a0 (the ambience\u00a0 of London),\u00a0 where\u00a0 the coverage of\u00a0 political\u00a0 life\u00a0 could\u00a0 be\u00a0 simplified\u00a0 into\u00a0 a schematic which\u00a0 goes, \u00ab\u00a0Here\u00a0 is a\u00a0 problem;\u00a0 here\u00a0 are\u00a0 the contending\u00a0 solutions\u00a0\u00a0 to\u00a0 that\u00a0 problem.\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 This\u00a0 contrasts vividly with\u00a0 what had\u00a0 become, after\u00a0 the\u00a0 1948\u00a0 defeat\u00a0 in Palestine and\u00a0 the waves of coup d’etats and revolution that followed, the\u00a0 prevailing mode\u00a0 of thought and _expression in Arab media.\u00a0 This\u00a0 mode\u00a0 was\u00a0 reflected\u00a0 above\u00a0 all\u00a0 in\u00a0 the commentaries of\u00a0 the state-owned\u00a0 or directed printed press, which were\u00a0 always long\u00a0 on commentaries\u00a0 and short on news. And that\u00a0 mode of\u00a0 thought\u00a0 and\u00a0 _expression\u00a0 is\u00a0 that\u00a0 every problem has\u00a0 its roots\u00a0 in a\u00a0 conspiracy, and the contending issues were,\u00a0 or in\u00a0 some cases\u00a0 still are, between rival or shifting\u00a0 conspiracy\u00a0\u00a0 theories\u00a0\u00a0 —\u00a0\u00a0 a\u00a0\u00a0 political\u00a0\u00a0 media environment that has been described so well by our colleague Saad ad-Din\u00a0 Ibrahim at\u00a0 a media\u00a0 conference\u00a0 last\u00a0 year\u00a0 in Cambridge. His\u00a0 paper, entitled\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0Thoughts in Arab Satellite Television, Pan\u00a0 Arabism, and\u00a0 Freedom of _Expression\u00a0\u00bb can be found in the Fall\/Winter issue of Transnational Broadcasting Studies at www.tbsjournal.com <\/span> THE RISE OF AL JAZEERA AND OTHER SATELLITE CHANNELS<\/span><\/strong> In such\u00a0 an environment,\u00a0 real news\u00a0 reports from the field, narrated in\u00a0 Arabic\u00a0 and\u00a0 available\u00a0 on\u00a0 television,\u00a0 was\u00a0 a stunning experience.\u00a0 MBC quickly\u00a0 acquired a large audience particularly in\u00a0 the Gulf\u00a0 and eastern\u00a0 Saudi Arabia because the\u00a0 satellite\u00a0\u00a0 signal\u00a0 was\u00a0\u00a0 downloaded\u00a0 in\u00a0\u00a0 Bahrain\u00a0 and retransmitted terrestrially.\u00a0 In those\u00a0 parts of\u00a0 Arabia and the Gulf, MBC took major audience share. Other channels\u00a0 followed, and\u00a0 after an\u00a0 aborted attempt\u00a0 at 24\/7 Arab\u00a0 language TV\u00a0 news coverage produced by BBC in the service of\u00a0 another Saudi group, the newly installed Emir of \\Qatar provided\u00a0 funds and\u00a0 facility to launch Al Jazeera in 1996, approximating\u00a0 the BBC\u00a0 model of\u00a0 public owned but not state controlled\u00a0 television. The\u00a0 core staff\u00a0 at Al Jazeera had all been trained, and served as broadcasters at BBC. By now,\u00a0 dishes and\u00a0 a number\u00a0 of\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 entertainment satellite channels were\u00a0 proliferating across\u00a0 most of the Arab world. That proliferation\u00a0 of dishes\u00a0 provided Al\u00a0 Jazeera\u00a0 with\u00a0 a rapidly growing mass audience, now estimated at more than 50 million\u00a0 viewers.\u00a0\u00a0 Because\u00a0 Al\u00a0\u00a0 Jazeera\u00a0 is\u00a0 a\u00a0 24\/7\u00a0 news operation, it quickly seized the leadership position in Arab satellite\u00a0 broadcasting;\u00a0\u00a0 a\u00a0 position\u00a0 that\u00a0 would\u00a0 not\u00a0 be significantly challenged\u00a0 until just\u00a0 before the invasion of Iraq, when\u00a0 the MBC\u00a0 group which\u00a0 had first launched TV news coverage in\u00a0 a limited\u00a0 news bulletin\u00a0\u00a0 format back in 1992, now gathered together a group of Arab journalists, including the first\u00a0 news director\u00a0 at Al\u00a0 Jazeera and\u00a0 a number of Al Jazeera reporters,\u00a0 and launched Al Arabiya. The competition has\u00a0 had\u00a0\u00a0 a\u00a0 positive\u00a0 effect.\u00a0 Arab\u00a0 satellite\u00a0 television journalists\u00a0 are\u00a0 less\u00a0 likely\u00a0 to\u00a0 indulge\u00a0 their\u00a0 personal ideological\u00a0 takes\u00a0 on\u00a0 the\u00a0 news\u00a0 when\u00a0 they\u00a0 know\u00a0 a\u00a0 more detached, and thus a more reliable version of the same event is available\u00a0 on the\u00a0 TV\u00a0 screen\u00a0 just\u00a0 one\u00a0 click\u00a0 away\u00a0 on everybody’s remote control. So here we have one of those amazing historic reverses:\u00a0 The most\u00a0 servile,\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0 most\u00a0\u00a0 state\u00a0 controlled,\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0 least professional of\u00a0 all media\u00a0 in the\u00a0 Arab world,\u00a0 is suddenly refashioned in\u00a0 a satellite\u00a0 format, providing\u00a0 news reports more in\u00a0 accord with\u00a0 international\u00a0 professional\u00a0 standards than any\u00a0 other form\u00a0 of media\u00a0 in the\u00a0 region. And\u00a0 because those reports\u00a0 can be\u00a0 uplinked from\u00a0 Europe to\u00a0 a satellite which can\u00a0 download these\u00a0 reports to dishes anywhere in the Arab world,\u00a0 this becomes an uncensorable format due to\u00a0 the transmission technology and satellite links. For many\u00a0 Arabs, however, the great joy in Al Jazeera was to watch the several \u00ab\u00a0Cross-fire\u00a0\u00bb types of political talk shows that\u00a0 would\u00a0 pit\u00a0 critics\u00a0 of\u00a0 Arab\u00a0 regimes\u00a0 against\u00a0 their defenders: Islamists\u00a0 against either\u00a0 liberal secularists or Arab nationalists.\u00a0 While debates\u00a0 that were unimaginable on the state\u00a0 national\u00a0 television\u00a0 channels\u00a0 flowed\u00a0 back\u00a0 and forth, the\u00a0 audience\u00a0 could\u00a0 join\u00a0 in\u00a0 by\u00a0 telephone,\u00a0 again expressing their own opinions, and doing so in a manner also unimaginable only\u00a0 a decade\u00a0 ago.\u00a0\u00a0 But\u00a0 as\u00a0 Ibrahim\u00a0 Helal, former chief editor at Al Jazeera, acknowledged at that same Cambridge conference\u00a0 on Arab\u00a0 media last\u00a0 winter,\u00a0 all\u00a0 too often\u00a0 these\u00a0\u00a0 talk\u00a0 shows\u00a0\u00a0 degenerated\u00a0 into\u00a0 unproductive shouting\u00a0 matches\u00a0 in\u00a0 which\u00a0 abuse\u00a0 replaced\u00a0 dialogue\u00a0 and analysis.\u00a0\u00a0 One senses that these talk shows are too often a vehicle for\u00a0 the collective\u00a0 venting of\u00a0 emotion rather than exercises in critical thinking. I would argue that it is informed opinion that is of value — not\u00a0 opinion for\u00a0 its own sake. The Arab world has for too long\u00a0 suffered\u00a0 from\u00a0 the\u00a0 conspiracy\u00a0 mania\u00a0 and\u00a0 political hysteria fostered by uninformed opinion.\u00a0 Reporting from the field, and\u00a0 reporting the\u00a0 facts as\u00a0 they are\u00a0 in the field, informs opinion. When Saad\u00a0 ad-Din Ibrahim\u00a0 was finally released from prison, during which\u00a0 time he had been vilified by nearly the entire Egyptian press,\u00a0 it was Al Jazeera that interviewed Saad ad-Din and\u00a0 allowed him\u00a0 to again\u00a0 raise the\u00a0 very issue — the possibility of\u00a0 hereditary succession\u00a0 to power\u00a0 in Egypt — which had resulted in his imprisonment in the first place. A critical issue\u00a0 for the democratic process had been put into play by\u00a0 a news\u00a0 report; by\u00a0 an\u00a0 interview.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This\u00a0 novelty offered\u00a0 great\u00a0 improvement\u00a0 over\u00a0 the\u00a0 previously\u00a0 dominant confrontational talk shows, which at best function after the facts are\u00a0 established, but\u00a0 all too often are oblivious, if not indifferent to facts. <\/span> NEWS AND THE CULTIVATION OF A DEMOCRATIC CONSCIOUSNESS<\/span><\/strong> Both Al\u00a0 Jazeera and\u00a0 Al\u00a0 Arabiya\u00a0 responded\u00a0 to\u00a0 widespread concern and anger in the Arab world with America’s deepening involvement in\u00a0 the region — in particular the invasion and occupation of\u00a0\u00a0 Iraq and what has appeared as continued U.S. support\u00a0 for\u00a0 the\u00a0 Israeli\u00a0 occupation\u00a0 of\u00a0 the\u00a0 Palestinian territories —\u00a0 by increasing coverage of American political life.\u00a0\u00a0 This involved\u00a0 providing intensive\u00a0 coverage of\u00a0 the 2004 U.S.\u00a0 presidential election\u00a0 campaign.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Even\u00a0 if\u00a0 the interest in\u00a0 the campaign was stimulated in part by the fact that several\u00a0 of the\u00a0 contenders for\u00a0 the\u00a0 Democratic\u00a0 Party nomination challenged the wisdom and conduct of the invasion of Iraq,\u00a0 the result\u00a0 was nonetheless extraordinary coverage of the\u00a0 democratic process\u00a0 starting from\u00a0 the time\u00a0 of\u00a0 the primaries. Indeed, Hugh\u00a0 Miles, the\u00a0 author of\u00a0 a recent\u00a0 book about Al Jazeera, observed at a recent media workshop in Doha that Al Jazeera has\u00a0 done more to educate Arabs about democracy than any other\u00a0 broadcaster.\u00a0\u00a0 He was\u00a0 alluding to\u00a0 Al\u00a0 Jazeera’s regular weekly\u00a0 program, \u00ab\u00a0From Washington,\u00a0\u00bb with guests from both the\u00a0 administration and\u00a0 the opposition, as well as the special\u00a0\u00a0 weekly show, \u00ab\u00a0US Presidential Race,\u00a0\u00bb which started in January\u00a0 2004. The\u00a0 latter program\u00a0 took great\u00a0 pains\u00a0 to educate Arab viewers on the American political and electoral process, how\u00a0 delegates to\u00a0 the conventions\u00a0 are chosen, how the modern\u00a0 primary system\u00a0 evolved, and\u00a0 how the\u00a0 Electoral College functions.\u00a0 This show\u00a0 was supplemented\u00a0 by\u00a0 special reports, documentaries,\u00a0 and live\u00a0 coverage of\u00a0 many of\u00a0 the highlights in\u00a0 the primary\u00a0 campaigns, the conventions (with four reporters\u00a0 covering\u00a0 both\u00a0 conventions)\u00a0 and\u00a0 then\u00a0 the election campaign itself. In contrast\u00a0 to the\u00a0 usual confrontational\u00a0 talk\u00a0 shows,\u00a0 Al Jazeera’s programs,\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0From\u00a0 Washington\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 and\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0the\u00a0 American Presidential Face,\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0 produced by\u00a0 the Washington bureau\u00a0 and hosted by\u00a0 Al\u00a0 Jazeera’s\u00a0 veteran\u00a0 correspondent,\u00a0 Hafez\u00a0 Al Mirazi, had\u00a0 a distinctly\u00a0\u00a0 informative style.\u00a0 These shows, and in particular the latter one, were obviously designed to help viewers newly interested in American politics to easily understand what\u00a0 was happening\u00a0 during the\u00a0 campaign, and to grasp the\u00a0 basic workings of the American democratic system. The coverage\u00a0 deepened the Arab world’s factual, rather than imaginatively preconceived, understanding of America.\u00a0 As an additional side effect, it provided a familiarization course in the\u00a0 operations of\u00a0 a functioning\u00a0 democracy.\u00a0\u00a0 A similar effect\u00a0 has\u00a0 been\u00a0 underway\u00a0 in\u00a0 the\u00a0 intense\u00a0 reporting\u00a0 on political life\u00a0 in England\u00a0 by the Al Jazeera and Al Arabiya bureaus in\u00a0 London. Again,\u00a0 the stimulus\u00a0 may be\u00a0 issues\u00a0 of particular interest to an Arab audience, such as the debates in parliament\u00a0 related to\u00a0 the Iraqi invasion, but the side-effect has\u00a0 been a\u00a0 protracted education\u00a0 in the\u00a0 democratic process. The importance\u00a0 of this\u00a0 development cannot\u00a0 be exaggerated. Until a\u00a0 few years\u00a0 ago, there\u00a0 was not\u00a0 a single Center for American studies\u00a0 at any Arab university. Now there are two: one is\u00a0 at Cairo\u00a0 university, and the other has just started at the\u00a0 American University\u00a0 in Cairo,\u00a0 funded interestingly enough by\u00a0 the Saudi Prince and global investor, Alwalid bin Talal (who is deeply involved in Arab satellite television). Additionally, the\u00a0 RAND Corporation\u00a0 has launched a regional research center in Qatar, the host country for Al Jazeera. Two\u00a0 other\u00a0\u00a0 elections\u00a0 have\u00a0\u00a0 had\u00a0 a\u00a0\u00a0 profound\u00a0 effect\u00a0 on stimulating the\u00a0 democratic process in the Arab world.\u00a0 I am referring to\u00a0 the Palestinian\u00a0 election for President (which was a\u00a0 contested election),\u00a0 and also the local elections in which Hamas\u00a0 entered the\u00a0 political process\u00a0 and\u00a0 did\u00a0 quite well, suggesting to Fatah’s leadership that there is a price to\u00a0 be\u00a0\u00a0 paid\u00a0 for\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0 sort\u00a0 of\u00a0 casual\u00a0 corruption\u00a0 that characterized\u00a0\u00a0 Palestinian\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Authority’s\u00a0\u00a0 rule\u00a0\u00a0 in\u00a0\u00a0 the territories since Oslo. But the election with the greatest impact of all was the one in Iraq,\u00a0 in which\u00a0 millions of\u00a0 Arabs watched\u00a0 millions\u00a0 of Iraqis\u00a0 braving\u00a0 terrorist\u00a0 threats\u00a0 to\u00a0 vote\u00a0 in\u00a0 a\u00a0 highly competitive election. And the great question those elections pose in\u00a0 the consciousness\u00a0 of every\u00a0 Arab,\u00a0 in\u00a0 every\u00a0 Arab country, is:\u00a0 If free,\u00a0 competitive elections can be held in Iraq, despite a violent insurgency and a foreign occupation, then why not here? <\/span> (Source\u00a0: FPRI, 1528 Walnut Street, Suite 610, Philadelphia, PA 19102-3684. For information, contact Alan Luxenberg at 215-732-3774, ext. 105 or email fpri@fpri.org<\/span><\/a> or visit us at www.fpri.org<\/span><\/a> )<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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