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V\u00e9rit\u00e9 \u2013Action: Les coulisses de la mort lente – Rapport sur l\u2019isolement dans les prisons tunisiennes<\/font><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
Nejib Hosni: Appel a tous les avocats de la liberte . <\/p>\n
Emission consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 Zouhair Yahyaoui sur BEUR FM – Lundi 18h30<\/font><\/h2>\n
Appel : \u00ab le 20 mars 2003 \u2026 la marche du dernier espoir.. \u00bb !?<\/font> <\/div>\n
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Tahar Ben Hassine: Le juge Yahyaoui est aussi capable du meilleur….<\/font><\/p>\n
<\/font>The Observer: The forbidden fruit of Middle East democracy<\/font> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
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\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a:\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 3 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a 1984<\/font> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 : \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 : \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u00ab\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f<\/font> \u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062f\u064a : \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u061f \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 : \u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0642\u0632\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/font> <\/font><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
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Les coulisses de la mort lente<\/font><\/h2>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
Rapport sur l\u2019isolement dans les prisons tunisiennes<\/font>\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n
V\u00e9rit\u00e9 \u2013Action (D\u00e9cembre 2000)<\/font> <\/o:p> <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
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\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/p>\n
V\u00e9rit\u00e9-Action<\/span><\/i><\/b> est une organisation non gouvernementale fond\u00e9e en 1997 et bas\u00e9e dans le canton de Fribourg en Suisse. Elle a pour but d\u2019observer et d\u2019agir pour d\u00e9fendre les droits de l\u2019homme en Tunisie contre toute violation <\/o:p> <\/span><\/i><\/font><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n
En ce d\u00e9but\u00a0 <\/span>d\u2019ann\u00e9e,\u00a0 <\/span>nous avons voulu au sein de V\u00e9rit\u00e9-Action <\/i><\/b>rendre public notre rapport \u00e9dit\u00e9 en d\u00e9cembre 2001 et r\u00e9\u00e9dit\u00e9 en 2001 sur l\u2019isolement dans les prisons tunisiennes. Ce document consid\u00e9r\u00e9, par quelques grandes ONG mondiales comme un document r\u00e9f\u00e9rence sur ce sujet oubli\u00e9, est divis\u00e9 en deux grandes parties.<\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/p>\n
La premi\u00e8re est un r\u00e9cit de faits collect\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s d\u2019anciens d\u00e9tenus et des familles des d\u00e9tenus en plus des divers rapports portant sur quelques aspects de cette souffrance.<\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/p>\n
La deuxi\u00e8me, la plus importante, est une analyse juridique qui vise \u00e0 prouver le caract\u00e8re syst\u00e9matique de cette politique et la possibilit\u00e9 de consid\u00e9rer l\u2019isolement comme une torture au sens des textes internationaux de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence en la mati\u00e8re.<\/p>\n
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Nous voulons par cette publicaton attirer de nouveau l\u2019attention sur le calvaire de ces citoyens tunisiens priv\u00e9s de tout droit et r\u00e9duits \u00e0 un \u00e9tat de pr\u00e9carit\u00e9 extr\u00eame pour se venger de leur engagement politique. Un devoir citoyen et humain exige de tous les tunisiens et leurs amis de donner \u00e0 la d\u00e9fense de ces citoyens toute l\u2019importance exig\u00e9e par la long\u00e9vit\u00e9 de leur emprisonnement les effets n\u00e9fastes qu\u2019il a engendr\u00e9 pour eux et leurs familles.<\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/p>\n
A noter enfin, que sur la base des informations fournies dans ce rapport et d\u2019autres recueillies par la suite, des communications ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9pos\u00e9es aupr\u00e8s du rapporteur sp\u00e9cial contre la torture, ce qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 rendu possible par une collaboration entre V\u00e9rit\u00e9-Action et quelques proches de ces d\u00e9tenus tenus en isolement.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/p>\n
Fribourg le 05 janvier 2003<\/p>\n
Pour v\u00e9rit\u00e9-Action <\/o:p> <\/b><\/p>\n
Service juridique et des recherches<\/b><\/p>\n
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Les coulisses de la mort lente<\/font><\/h2>\n<\/h2>\n
Rapport sur l\u2019isolement dans les prisons tunisiennes<\/font><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/p>\n
V\u00e9rit\u00e9 \u2013Action (D\u00e9cembre 2000)<\/font><\/span><\/h3>\n
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\u00a0Sommaire<\/font>\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Introduction <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
L\u2019isolement\u00a0 <\/span>durable\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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L\u2019isolement prolong\u00e9 par alternance\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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L\u2019isolement \u00absanitaire\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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L\u2019isolement punitif\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Donn\u00e9es sur les lieux d\u2019isolement <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Approche juridique\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Conclusions\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Annexes\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Partie I\u00a0: <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
Approche descriptive<\/font><\/span><\/h3>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
Introduction<\/font><\/h3>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
Nous voulons par le pr\u00e9sent rapport attirer l\u2019attention de tous les d\u00e9fenseurs des droits de l\u2019homme et de toutes les personnes de bonne volont\u00e9\u00a0 <\/span>sur la situation extr\u00eamement dramatique des prisonniers d\u2019opinion tunisiens qui croupissent injustement depuis plusieurs ann\u00e9es dans les prisons tunisiennes, le plus souvent dans des conditions \u00e9pouvantables. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
La d\u00e9gradation accentu\u00e9e de la situation des droits de l\u2019homme et des libert\u00e9s individuelles et publiques prouve qu\u2019il existe une dissonance croissante entre le discours officiel des responsables tunisiens en faveur des droits de l\u2019homme et la cruelle r\u00e9alit\u00e9. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Il est aujourd\u2019hui unanimement admis (journaux, organisations humanitaires, observateurs internationaux) que la Tunisie dissimule malheureusement, derri\u00e8re son image touristique pleinement joyeuse, les cris\u00a0 <\/span>des condamn\u00e9s et supplici\u00e9s peuplant les prisons et ge\u00f4les tunisiennes. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Dans ce cadre, l\u2019isolement dans lequel vivent depuis des ann\u00e9es plusieurs prisonniers politiques en Tunisie est un crime non d\u00e9clar\u00e9, une mort latente, une violation extr\u00eame des droits de l\u2019homme. Le pr\u00e9texte s\u00e9curitaire des autorit\u00e9s est inacceptable, car rien ne l\u00e9gitime une telle d\u00e9tention. Rien\u00a0 <\/span>ne peut expliquer que l\u2019on interdise \u00e0 un condamn\u00e9 de communiquer avec les autres, de lire les journaux, d\u2019utiliser la radio ou la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision; bref de passer de longues ann\u00e9es dans un petit\u00a0 <\/span>tombeau sombre, inadapt\u00e9, coup\u00e9 presque totalement de la vie ordinaire des gens. La souffrance est aussi\u00a0 <\/span>partag\u00e9e par les familles qui ne jouissent d\u2019un droit de visite que pour quelques minutes apr\u00e8s avoir \u00e9t\u00e9 contraintes \u00e0 attendre de longues heures. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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L\u2019image du d\u00e9tenu, amen\u00e9 \u00e0 cette visite; entour\u00e9 par les commandos de la terreur p\u00e9nitentiaire, est un choc pour ses enfants et sa famille. Le droit \u00e0 la \u00abpromenade quotidienne\u00a0\u00bb est viol\u00e9 soit par l\u2019exigu\u00eft\u00e9 des lieux; les couloirs sont tr\u00e8s \u00e9troits, soit par la limitation du temps, surtout lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de plusieurs prisonniers d\u00e9tenus dans l\u2019isolement,\u00a0 <\/span>puisqu\u2019ils n\u2019ont pas le droit de se voir entre eux. En faisant la gr\u00e8ve de la\u00a0 <\/span>faim certains de\u00a0 <\/span>ces d\u00e9tenus arrivent toutefois \u00e0 sortir et \u00e0 \u00eatre seuls dans la cour principale pendant les heures de la sieste des autres d\u00e9tenus. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Dans la plupart des prisons (Sousse, Messadine, Monastir, Mednine, Elkef, Gafsa, Borjerroumi, etc.), aucun signe ne mentionne l\u2019existence de tels endroits. Des chambres am\u00e9nag\u00e9es comme des infirmeries sont aussi utilis\u00e9es pour s\u00e9parer cette frange de d\u00e9tenus du reste des\u00a0 <\/span>prisonniers, mais seulement apr\u00e8s l\u2019aggravation de leur \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9. Toutefois le principe de s\u00e9paration prime sur le droit au suivi m\u00e9dical. Il faut attendre que le pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent d\u00e9tenu quitte l\u2019endroit\u00a0 <\/span>pour qu\u2019un autre y soit admis, quelle que soit la gravit\u00e9 de la maladie. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Ce rapport suit en d\u00e9tail cette souffrance oubli\u00e9e. Il est le fruit de t\u00e9moignages des ex- prisonniers tunisiens d\u2019opinion qui ont trouv\u00e9 le chemin de l\u2019exil apr\u00e8s de longues ann\u00e9es pass\u00e9es dans les prisons tunisiennes, ainsi que ceux des familles des d\u00e9tenus. Il a pour but d\u2019informer, de sensibiliser sur ce sujet et de briser le silence qui l\u2019entoure, vu les efforts d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s par les autorit\u00e9s\u00a0 <\/span>pour le garder au secret et leur refus de toute mission d\u2019enqu\u00eate ind\u00e9pendante. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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L\u2019isolement n\u2019est pas une exception qui s\u2019applique \u00e0 quelques leaders du mouvement \u00ab\u00a0En-Nahdha\u00a0\u00bb mais une politique de plus en plus g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e dont les victimes sont nombreuses et diverses. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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On peut distinguer quatre cat\u00e9gories d\u2019isolement p\u00e9nitentiaire en Tunisie\u00a0: <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
L\u2019isolement durable <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
L\u2019isolement prolong\u00e9 par alternance <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
L\u2019isolement dit \u00absanitaire\u00bb <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
L\u2019isolement punitif <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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I.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>L\u2019isolement durable<\/font><\/h3>\n<\/h3>\n
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Les mesures prises pour cacher ce crime rendent tr\u00e8s difficile toute collecte d\u2019informations \u00e0 ce propos. Les d\u00e9tenus sont mis \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9cart, coup\u00e9s de tout contact par tous les moyens y compris les mauvais traitements et l\u2019humiliation. Les autorit\u00e9s all\u00e8guent des raisons s\u00e9curitaires et laissent entendre qu\u2019ils sont dangereux.\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Un tel argument non-fond\u00e9 ne justifie gu\u00e8re\u00a0 <\/span>leur d\u00e9tention\u00a0 <\/span>depuis des ann\u00e9es dans des coulisses de mort lente, dans des cellules, sans eau ni toilettes le plus souvent o\u00f9 ils sont priv\u00e9s de toute information et de tout\u00a0 <\/span>contact. L\u2019impact de cet isolement sur leur sant\u00e9 est cruellement d\u00e9sastreux. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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1.2 Des cas pour illustrer\u00a0: <\/o:p> <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
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M. Ali Larayedh<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0: n\u00e9 en 1955 \u00e0 Medenine, mari\u00e9 et p\u00e8re de trois enfants. Leader et porte-parole\u00a0 <\/span>du mouvement politique\u00a0 \u00abEnnahdha\u00a0\u00bb jusqu’\u00e0 son arrestation en 1990. Depuis 1981, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 sous la pression et le harc\u00e8lement policier. Le 23\/12\/1990 Ali Larayedh a \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9 et soumis \u00e0 de tr\u00e8s fortes pers\u00e9cutions psychologiques, notamment\u00a0: <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Trucage par les services sp\u00e9ciaux d\u2019une cassette vid\u00e9o portant atteinte \u00e0 son honneur. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Des menaces de mort par injection de produits toxiques. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Des menaces de contamination au sida par transfusion sanguine. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Enl\u00e8vement de sa femme Ouided Lagha le 02\/06\/92 harcel\u00e9e et abus\u00e9e sexuellement dans les locaux du minist\u00e8re de l\u2019int\u00e9rieur, o\u00f9 elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 film\u00e9e toute nue, ce qui lui a caus\u00e9 une d\u00e9pression nerveuse(voir rapport annuel de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale des Droits de l\u2019Homme (FIDH), 1999) <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 15 ans de prison ferme par un tribunal militaire et\u00a0 <\/span>\u00e0 d\u2019autres peines diverses, Ali Larayedh vit depuis son arrestation en d\u00e9cembre 1990 sous le r\u00e9gime de l\u2019isolement total, essentiellement dans la prison civile du \u00ab9 avril\u00bb \u00e0 Tunis. Asthmatique et allergique \u00e0 l\u2019humidit\u00e9, son \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 est pr\u00e9occupant et s\u2019est aggrav\u00e9\u00a0 <\/span>par le manque, voire l\u2019absence de soins. <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
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Dr Sadok\u00a0 <\/span>Chourou<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0: Docteur professeur \u00e0 la facult\u00e9 de m\u00e9decine de Tunis et un des leaders du mouvement \u00abEn-Nahdha\u00a0\u00bb. Dr Chourou a \u00e9t\u00e9 atrocement tortur\u00e9,\u00a0 <\/span>lors de son arrestation en 1991, dans les locaux du minist\u00e8re de l\u2019int\u00e9rieur et dans les villas sp\u00e9cialement am\u00e9nag\u00e9es pour la torture (r\u00e9gion de N\u00e2asen\u00a0 <\/span>Gouvernerat de Ben Arous ). D\u2019anciens prisonniers d\u00e9clarant l\u2019avoir vu en 1998 racontent\u00a0 <\/span>que les s\u00e9quelles de torture\u00a0 <\/span>sont toujours visibles sur lui, ce qui explique selon eux sa d\u00e9tention en isolement total. Il souffre d\u2019un \u0153d\u00e8me \u00e0 sympt\u00f4mes rares et de grandes difficult\u00e9s de mouvement. Malgr\u00e9 son \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 pr\u00e9caire,\u00a0 <\/span>il a subi des tortures en 1998 dans la prison d\u2019El\u00a0 <\/span>Houareb (rapport de la F\u00e9d\u00e9ration internationale des Droits de l\u2019Homme (FIDH)\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>en novembre 1998). <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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M. Ali Zaroui<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0: Bien qu\u2019il ait pass\u00e9 en 1997 quelques semaines sous le r\u00e9gime de l\u2019isolement \u00abcollectif\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 la prison d\u2019El Kef,\u00a0 <\/span>sa d\u00e9tention a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 en forme d\u2019isolement total ; longtemps au secret. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Pendant deux ans sa famille a \u00e9t\u00e9 interdite de le visiter, car il faisait encore l\u2019objet d\u2019interrogatoires m\u00eame apr\u00e8s sa condamnation. En juin 1997, M. Zaroui a \u00e9t\u00e9 tortur\u00e9 au si\u00e8ge du Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019Int\u00e9rieur pour des faits remontant \u00e0 1987. On lui a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 durant ces interrogatoires des enregistrements vid\u00e9o sur un entretien avec l\u2019un de ses avocats\u00a0 <\/span>lui demandant\u00a0 <\/span>d\u2019expliquer\u00a0 <\/span>le contenu de cet entretien. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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M. Mohamed El Akrout<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0: est depuis 1991 sous le r\u00e9gime de l\u2019isolement total, except\u00e9es quelques petites p\u00e9riodes pass\u00e9es en isolement avec d\u2019autres prisonniers d\u2019opinion (Sahbi Attig, et Abdelkarim Al Harouni) et quelques brefs passages dans les chambres communes o\u00f9 on lui interdisait tout contact avec les autres prisonniers comme s\u2019\u00e9tait le cas en 1993, \u00e0 la\u00a0 <\/span>prison civile de Gafsa, o\u00f9 il a pass\u00e9 dans ses ge\u00f4les des longs mois de souffrance extr\u00eame. En vue de porter atteinte \u00e0 son honneur et son \u00e0 image de leader politique, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 incarc\u00e9r\u00e9 contre son gr\u00e9 dans la chambre n\u00b0 7 de la prison du 9 avril \u00e0 Tunis r\u00e9serv\u00e9e aux homosexuels. Cette atteinte\u00a0 <\/span>a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9nonc\u00e9e par le Conseil National des Libert\u00e9s en Tunisie (CNLT) comme \u00e9tant une pratique qui vise \u00e0 ternir l\u2019image des opposants. Elle tombe ainsi selon le\u00a0 <\/span>CNLT sous la d\u00e9finition de la torture. Sa\u00a0 <\/span>famille contr\u00f4l\u00e9e\u00a0 <\/span>et coup\u00e9e de son entourage n\u2019a pas pu faute de moyens le visiter pendant au moins deux ans. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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M. Habib Ellouz<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0: De Borj Erroumi \u00e0 El Kef puis Borj Erroumi tout en passant par la prison\u00a0 <\/span>du 9 avril, les cellules d\u2019isolement ont toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 le meilleur moyen de se venger de cet homme politique. La cellule n\u00b012 de Borj Erroumi \u00e0 Bizerte l\u2019a accueilli pendant plus de deux ans. Cette cellule, sans eau ni WC, est tellement \u00e9troite qu\u2019on ne peut m\u00eame pas y placer un lit. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 rejoint par l\u2019ex-prisonnier politique Bouabdallah Bouabdallah. La pr\u00e9sence obligatoire de quatre gardes durant les visites faisait d\u2019elles des s\u00e9ances d\u2019intimidation et d\u2019angoisse pour sa famille. Il souffre de plusieurs maladies dont une forte baisse de l\u2019acuit\u00e9 visuelle et une sensibilit\u00e9 aigu\u00eb aux rayons solaires \u00e0 cause de sa longue d\u00e9tention au cachot n\u00b012. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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M. Abdallah Zouari<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/b>: Les traces de la torture sur son corps, surtout au niveau de ses mains, sont toujours visibles, t\u00e9moignant de la torture qu\u2019il a subie dans les locaux de la s\u00fbret\u00e9 de l\u2019Etat et des renseignements g\u00e9n\u00e9raux. Il souffre d\u2019amn\u00e9sie et d\u2019une baisse de l\u2019acuit\u00e9 visuelle. Sur ordre du directeur de la prison de Borj Erroumi, M. Zouari a \u00e9t\u00e9 aussi victime d\u2019une tentative d\u2019abus sexuel et a subi de cruelles punitions pour avoir voulu se d\u00e9fendre. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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M. Hedi El Ghali<\/span><\/i><\/b> : est soumis r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement\u00a0 <\/span>\u00e0 une s\u00e9ance de torture \u00e0 chaque convoi vers une nouvelle prison. Les longs r\u00e9cits sur la torture incroyable qu\u2019il a subie lors de son arrestation en 1991 ne sont pas de la fiction car les s\u00e9quelles sont toujours pr\u00e9sentes et \u00e0 jamais sur son corps (difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 marcher et faiblesse physique apparente). Il souffre en plus d\u2019amn\u00e9sie et d\u2019alop\u00e9cie.\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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M. Ajmi Lourimi<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0: N\u00e9 en 1962 \u00e0 Sousse, \u00e9tudiant en troisi\u00e8me cycle de philosophie. Un des leaders\u00a0 <\/span>estudiantins et politiques les plus respect\u00e9s en Tunisie. D\u00e9j\u00e0 emprisonn\u00e9 en 1987, il a retrouv\u00e9 le chemin de la prison en mai 1991 suite \u00e0 une condamnation \u00e0 perp\u00e9tuit\u00e9. Lors de son arrestation, la torture atroce qu\u2019il a subi, a eu beaucoup d\u2019\u00e9cho en raison de sa dur\u00e9e et de son caract\u00e8re ininterrompu (on lui a fait croire en utilisant des substances pharmaceutiques\u00a0 <\/span>qu\u2019il a perdu la vue\u00a0 <\/span>afin de le pousser \u00e0 d\u00e9noncer ses amis). Malgr\u00e9 son \u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 tr\u00e8s fragile, il est soumis depuis 1991 except\u00e9es quelques courtes p\u00e9riodes au r\u00e9gime de l\u2019isolement individuel\u00a0 <\/span>total. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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M. Abdel Karim Al Harouni<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0:\u00a0 <\/span>a \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 perp\u00e9tuit\u00e9 en 1991, il \u00e9tait depuis cette date totalement isol\u00e9\u00a0 <\/span>notamment au secteur \u00abE\u00bb \u00e0 la prison de \u00ab9 avril\u00bb jusqu\u2019\u00e0 1996 puis \u00e0\u00a0 <\/span>la prison de \u00abMessadine\u00bb en 1997. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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M. Bouraoui Makhlouf<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0: N\u00e9 en 1960 \u00e0 Sousse,\u00a0 <\/span>\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 perp\u00e9tuit\u00e9\u00a0 <\/span>en 1991. La torture l\u2019a rendu h\u00e9mipl\u00e9gique. Son maintien en \u00e9tat d\u2019isolement individuel le rend plus souffrant du fait de son handicap. Son cas prouve que la politique p\u00e9nitentiaire concernant les d\u00e9tenus politiques ne vise en fait que leur an\u00e9antissement lent et inaper\u00e7u par toutes sortes de supplices. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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La liste est longue et comprend\u00a0 <\/span>notamment (M. Lamine Zidi, M. Abdelhamid<\/i> Jelassi, M. Sahbi Attig,\u00a0 <\/span>Docteur Ahmed Labyedh<\/i><\/b>, etc.). <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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1.3 Effets de l\u2019isolement durable<\/font><\/strong> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Ce type de d\u00e9tention a certes des cons\u00e9quences n\u00e9fastes\u00a0: <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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La malnutrition<\/span><\/i> <\/span><\/b>: les familles priv\u00e9es de ressources (interdiction de travail et p\u00e9nalisation de tout aide ou assistance), sont incapables de subvenir aux besoins de leurs membres. Les repas donn\u00e9s sont d\u2019une qualit\u00e9 m\u00e9diocre <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/font><\/span>ce qui est \u00e0 l\u2019origine de plusieurs maladies de l\u2019appareil digestif largement r\u00e9pandues parmi les d\u00e9tenus, telles que l\u2019ulc\u00e8re et les maladies du colon irritable. <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
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L\u2019asthme et les maladies respiratoires<\/span><\/i><\/b>\u00a0: notamment, la dyspn\u00e9e en raison de l\u2019enfermement tout au long de la journ\u00e9e dans ces cachots priv\u00e9s de tout ou presque.\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Douleurs dorsales et rhumatismales<\/span><\/i><\/b> : en raison d\u2019un manque de mobilit\u00e9.\u00a0 <\/span>Le d\u00e9tenu est oblig\u00e9 d\u2019\u00eatre allong\u00e9 toute la journ\u00e9e dans un\u00a0 <\/span>espace de quelques m\u00e8tres avec des sensations de fatigue et de vertiges. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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Des cas d\u2019amn\u00e9sie sont enregistr\u00e9s parmi ces d\u00e9tenus, selon des\u00a0 <\/span>informations concordantes. Sans \u00e9change avec les autres, ni informations, le monologue forc\u00e9 auxquels sont astreints ces prisonniers laisse des traces psychiques (le cas de M. Sahbi Attig<\/i><\/b>) et physiques apparentes, qui tombent en fait sous la d\u00e9finition de la torture, selon l\u2019article premier de\u00a0 \u00abla convention contre la torture et autres peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou d\u00e9gradants\u00bb. On entend m\u00eame parler que certains d\u00e9tenus n\u2019arrivent pas \u00e0 se souvenir des pr\u00e9noms des membres de leur propre famille. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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La chute des cheveux due \u00e0 l\u2019humidit\u00e9 et au manque de lumi\u00e8re solaire. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Plus g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, les prisonniers souffrent de faiblesse physique qui se traduit\u00a0 <\/span>par l\u2019incapacit\u00e9 de se tenir longtemps debout et d\u2019exc\u00e8s de sommeil. En outre, ils connaissent l\u2019angoisse permanente qu\u2019occasionnent les fouilles minutieuses,\u00a0 <\/span>les convois arbitraires, l\u2019intimidation des familles et le contr\u00f4le des proches pour qu\u2019ils s\u2019abstiennent de venir en aide aux familles des prisonniers. Tout cela affecte le bien \u00eatre de ces d\u00e9tenus.\u00a0 <\/span>Les r\u00e9cits recueillis aupr\u00e8s de leurs familles prouvent que leur sort est accablant et t\u00e9moigne de l\u2019extr\u00eame l\u00e2chet\u00e9 des autorit\u00e9s. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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\u00c0 SUIVRE<\/span><\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n
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A TOUS LES AVOCATS DE LA LIBERTE .<\/font><\/h3>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
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Le Barreau tunisien , vieux de plus de cent ans , s\u2019est toujours attach\u00e9 \u00e0 assumer ses obligations de d\u00e9fense du droit et de la libert\u00e9 , avec un certain c\u00f4t\u00e9 patriotique et humaniste . Au lendemain de l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance, il s\u2019est consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 la consolidation de l\u2019instauration de la r\u00e9publique , \u00e0 la d\u00e9fense de ses valeurs et de ses institutions… Pour la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 une citadelle de d\u00e9fense des droits et des libert\u00e9s publiques et individuelles . <\/div>\n
Depuis que le pouvoir actuel a commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9truire\u00a0 l\u2019\u00e9tat de droit en Tunisie , les valeurs de libert\u00e9 et de tol\u00e9rance qui furent la fiert\u00e9 de ce pays . La confrontation entre le barreau et le pouvoir \u00e9tait\u00a0 in\u00e9vitable,\u2026 surtout que beaucoup d\u2019avocats sont des dirigeants d\u2019associations de d\u00e9fense des droits de l\u2019homme\u2026 <\/div>\n
21 textes de lois ont \u00e9t\u00e9 promulgu\u00e9s pour limiter le champ d\u2019action des avocats , un projet de loi de division du barreau ,emprisonnement des avocats , saccages des bureaux, interdiction de voyager , coupures de t\u00e9l\u00e9phones , filatures constantes et rapproch\u00e9es, vols de voitures \u2026 <\/div>\n
Pour r\u00e9ponse ; les avocats ont choisi un des leurs , ancien prisonnier politique, comme b\u00e2tonnier . Ces derniers temps, des avocats furent tabass\u00e9s en plein centre ville de la capitale par des agents des polices politiques \u2026 rien que parce que quelques uns ont cr\u00e9e avec le juge yahyaoui une association de d\u00e9fense des prisonniers politiques ! le 29. 12 .2002 des bandes des polices politiques , avec des gestes et des menaces de bandits plut\u00f4t que de police ; ont barricad\u00e9 l\u2019entr\u00e9e du bureau de Me Kilani , o\u00f9 allait se tenir la r\u00e9union du centre pour l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance de la magistrature et des avocats ! <\/div>\n
\u00a0 <\/div>\n
Avec un petit nombre d\u2019associations de d\u00e9fense des droits de l\u2019homme ; les avocats restent aujourd\u2019hui le dernier carr\u00e9 de r\u00e9sistance en Tunisie.\u00a0 Nous appelons tous nos Confr\u00e8res , tous les Avocats de la libert\u00e9, \u00e0 nous \u00e9pauler dans notre lutte pour la libert\u00e9 . LES CONFRERES PROPOSENT LA JOURNNEE DU 16 . 1 . 2003 COMME JOURNEE DE SOLIDARITE . CAR LE 19.1.2003 LES AVOCATS DE TOUTE LA TUNISIE TIENNENT UNE A.G. EXTRAORDINAIRE.<\/font> <\/div>\n
\u00a0Les signataires : ME NEJIB HOSNI<\/strong><\/font><\/font> <\/div>\n
<\/o:p> <\/font> <\/font><\/div>\n
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\u00a0<\/p>\n
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\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0640\u0643 \u0644\u0640\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0640\u0627\u0634 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0648\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0646\u062c\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0640\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0642\u0646\u0640\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0640\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0640\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0640\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0640\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0640\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0640\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0640\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0640\u0648\u0631.<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n
\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631\u064a\u00a0\u00bb \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0640\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0640\u0640\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0651\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0640\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0640\u0640\u0647.<\/span> <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n
\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/b><\/font><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631\u064a<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/font><\/b><\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0640\u0640\u0630\u0631\u00a0 \u062b\u0640\u0640\u0627\u0628\u0640\u0640\u062a<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0640\u0640\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0640\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0640\u064a<\/span><\/font><\/b><\/p>\n
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\u00a0<\/font><\/strong> <\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/font> <\/p>\n
Ce Lundi 6 Janvier 2003 \u00e0 18h30 (Heure Fran\u00e7aise),<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
Une \u00e9mission sera consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 Zouhayer Yahyaoui<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
sur <\/span>BEUR FM<\/span> \u2013 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
Message de Sophie El Warda<\/font><\/span><\/b> <\/div>\n
\u00a0 <\/div>\n
Bonsoir, et mes meilleurs voeux \u00e0 tous pour 2003, L’\u00e9mission \u00a0\u00bb L’invit\u00e9 de Beur FM\u00a0\u00bb sur BEUR FM, le lundi 6 janvier \u00e0 18h30 heure fran\u00e7aise, sera consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 Zouhair Yahyaoui. Voici les diff\u00e9rentes mani\u00e8res d’\u00e9couter Beur FM. Sur internet <\/b>: http:\/\/www.beurfm.net\/index.php<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 – cliquer sur l’ic\u00f4ne Windows Media en haut \u00e0 gauche.\u00a0 Par les ondes radio classiques <\/b>: FREQUENCES BANDE FM (France . Paris 106.7<\/b> ) sur ce lien : http:\/\/www.beurfm.net\/frequences.php <\/a>Par TPS <\/b>\u00a0– BEUR FM sur TPS : CANAL 63 \u00a0 POUR LES AUDITEURS DU MAGHREB<\/b>: Vous pouvez d\u00e9sormais \u00e9couter BEUR FM sur EUTELSAT HOTBIRD, 13\u00b0 – EST . Donn\u00e9es techniques : Fr\u00e9quence 10,796 Gigahertz Polarisation Verticale S.R. 27 500 FEC 2\/3 – SATELLITE ASTRA 1F : (bouquet radio CANALSATELLITE) sous Radio Multi 3. – Sur NUMERICABLE – Sur NOOS<\/font> <\/div>\n
\u00a0 <\/div>\n
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\u00a0<\/font><\/strong> <\/div>\n
\u00ab\u00a0LE 20 MARS 2003 \u2026 LA MARCHE DU DERNIER ESPOIR..\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0!? <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span> <\/font><\/div>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
A tous ceux qui militent pour les droits de l’homme en Tunisie… <\/font><\/span> A tous ceux qui en ont Assez de la situation qui empire de jour en jour et ce \u00e0 tous les niveaux \u2026 Aux tunisiens de l’int\u00e9rieur comme \u00e0 ceux de l’ext\u00e9rieur\u2026 Aux familles qui ont souffert et qui souffrent encore parce que l’un de leurs enfants ou de leurs parents est en prison pour avoir os\u00e9 dire NON aux tyrans\u2026 A monsieur et madame \u00ab\u00a0tout le monde\u00a0\u00bb qui accumulent en leur for int\u00e9rieur un m\u00e9pris qu’ils n’ osent exprimer\u2026 A toutes les victimes de la mis\u00e8re forc\u00e9s \u00e0 vendre leurs ames, \u00e0 vendre leurs concitoyens pour pourvoir survivre… A tous ceux qui croient que vivre dignement c’est tout ce qui leur reste a d\u00e9fendre…….la dignit\u00e9 dans le tort ,ne pas \u00eatre oblig\u00e9 de se rabaisser devant un juge ou un policier simplement par ce qu’on ne sait pas \u00e0 quel moment l’\u00e9p\u00e9e de l’arbitraire peut tomber la dignit\u00e9 dans la raison ,ne pas \u00eatre oblig\u00e9 de corrompre pour obtenir un droit l\u00e9gitime\u2026 A tous ceux qui croient au droit a la diff\u00e9rence\u2026 A tous ceux qui croient qu’on doit d\u00e9fendre la Tunisie contre l’arbitraire et l’injustice pour nos enfants\u2026 Je vous propose quelque soit vos convictions ,votre couleur politique , riche ou pauvre\u2026 UNE MARCHE PACIFIQUE DEFIANTE D’UN MILLION DE MANIFESTANTS POUR UNE TUNISIE MEILLEURE A LAQUELLE NOUS PARTICIPERONS LA MAIN DANS LA MAIN, UNE MARCHE DU DERNIER ESPOIR LE 20 MARS 2003. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/b><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
(Appel publi\u00e9 sur le Forum Tunezine par \u201cje_te_balance\u201d le 04-01-2003 \u00e0 21h18 ) <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
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\u00a0<\/font><\/strong> <\/div>\n
\u00a0\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0646\u062f\u064a\u0645\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062c\u0648\u0628\u00a0 \u0640 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0640 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/font> <\/font><\/div>\n
\u00a0 <\/font><\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 3 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a 1984 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a 3 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0641\u064a 1984 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u00a0 <\/span>\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627. <\/o:p> <\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0627\u00a0 <\/span>\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0 <\/span>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. <\/o:p> <\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0646. <\/o:p> <\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629\u00a0 <\/span>\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631. <\/o:p> <\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 – \u0641\u064a \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/font>. <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062a <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0645\u062d\u0643 \u064a\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u064a\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0629 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0647\u00a0 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/div>\n
\u00a0 <\/div>\n
(www.worldalternative.org<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a )<\/strong><\/font> <\/div>\n
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FLASH INFOS<\/font> <\/font><\/font><\/font><\/font><\/div>\n
\u00a0 <\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
Affichage du num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone du correspondant<\/font><\/h3>\n
<\/strong> Parmi les nouveaux services qui seront propos\u00e9s aux abonn\u00e9s du t\u00e9l\u00e9phone fixe, il sera possible apr\u00e8s la fin des am\u00e9nagements en cours de reconna\u00eetre le num\u00e9ro de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone de son correspondant. \u00a0 Le num\u00e9ro s’affichera sur le t\u00e9l\u00e9phone fixe comme il s’affiche actuellement sur le portable. Ce serait un grand service pour les abonn\u00e9s souvent victimes de communications malveillantes. \u00a0 (Source : Le Quotidien du 5 janvier 2002, d\u2019apr\u00e8s le portail Babelweb)<\/font> \u00a0 <\/p>\n
Syndicat-Enseignement de base : Les 2 parties r\u00e9solues \u00e0 tourner la page<\/font><\/h3>\n
<\/font><\/strong>Les n\u00e9gociations ont repris entre le minist\u00e8re de l’\u00c9ducation et de la Formation et le syndicat de l’Enseignement de base. Mieux, le dialogue entre ces deux parties, qui se sont r\u00e9solues \u00e0 tourner la page du pass\u00e9, s’annonce prometteur. \u00a0 La rencontre qui a r\u00e9uni, vendredi soir, M. Moncer Rouissi, ministre de l’\u00c9ducation et de la Formation avec les membres du Bureau ex\u00e9cutif du syndicat de l’Enseignement de base a dur\u00e9 plus de quatre heures. \u00a0 (Source : Le Quotidien du 5 janvier 2002, d\u2019apr\u00e8s le portail Babelweb)<\/font> \u00a0 <\/p>\n
Logement universitaire : 20 nouveaux foyers<\/font><\/h3>\n
<\/strong> Le minist\u00e8re de l’Enseignement sup\u00e9rieur, de la Recherche scientifique et de la Technologie a, d’or\u00e9s et d\u00e9j\u00e0, entam\u00e9 les pr\u00e9paratifs en vue d’accueillir les nouveaux bacheliers au cours de la prochaine ann\u00e9e universitaire 2003-2004. \u00a0 De nouvelles opportunit\u00e9s de logement ainsi que de nouveaux espaces d’enseignement, seront, \u00e0 cet effet, cr\u00e9es afin d’assurer les meilleures conditions de r\u00e9ussite \u00e0 tous les \u00e9tudiants dans les diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gions du pays. \u00a0 Le directeur de l’enseignement sup\u00e9rieur priv\u00e9, confie, \u00e0 ce sujet que pr\u00e8s de 123 foyers priv\u00e9s op\u00e8rent actuellement, dans les diff\u00e9rentes r\u00e9gions du pays, \u00e0 savoir 57 foyers au nord, 16 au centre et 50 autres au sud, dont la capacit\u00e9 totale d’h\u00e9bergement est de pr\u00e8s de 8.000 lits. \u00a0 Il ajoute que pr\u00e8s de 20 nouveaux foyers seront ouverts pour la prochaine ann\u00e9e universitaire 2003-2004, au centre et au sud, dont la capacit\u00e9 est de pr\u00e8s de 3.000 lits. \u00a0 Concernant le Nord, M. Sa\u00efd Bhira, directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l’office des oeuvres universitaires du nord, pr\u00e9cise que quelque 131 foyers d’une capacit\u00e9 de 12.884 lits sont, d’ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0, en cours de construction. \u00a0 (Source : Le Quotidien du 5 janvier 2002, d\u2019apr\u00e8s le portail Babelweb)<\/font> \u00a0 \u00a0 <\/p>\n
Une question \u00e0 Ta\u00efeb Baccouche<\/font><\/h4>\n
<\/strong> \u00a0 Question :Quels sont, d’apr\u00e8s vous, les \u00e9v\u00e9nements les plus marquants de l’ann\u00e9e 2002? M. Ta\u00efeb Baccouche : Je crois que l’\u00e9v\u00e9nement le plus marquant n’est pas, \u00e0 proprement parler, un \u00e9v\u00e9nement dans le sens le plus actuel du terme, mais une dominante dans la politique men\u00e9e \u00e0 l’\u00e9chelle mondiale par la puissance am\u00e9ricaine. II s’agit de la d\u00e9claration de guerre au \u00abterrorisme\u00bb. Il en est r\u00e9sult\u00e9 : -Un changement de gouvernement en Afghanistan -Un soutien sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent de l’Administration Bush \u00e0 l’occupation de ce qui reste de la Palestine et \u00e0 la r\u00e9pression sanglante de la r\u00e9sistance palestinienne. -Une volont\u00e9 manifeste d’occuper l’Irak et de changer son r\u00e9gime par la force arm\u00e9e -Un d\u00e9sir, explicite de changer la carte du Monde arabe, pour mieux exploiter ses richesses -Un v\u00e9ritable terrorisme d’Etat visant \u00e0 mettre la main sur les richesses du monde et neutraliser toutes les forces jug\u00e9es hostiles. \u00a0 (Source : Le Quotidien du 5 janvier 2002, d\u2019apr\u00e8s le portail Babelweb)<\/font> \u00a0 <\/p>\n
Cin\u00e9ma : Khorma dans les salles le 6 F\u00e9vrier<\/font><\/h4>\n
<\/strong> Avec son premier long m\u00e9trage \u00ab\u00a0Khorma\u00a0\u00bb ; Jilani Sa\u00e2di a attir\u00e9 l’attention des cin\u00e9philes et des critiques gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 son originalit\u00e9. \u00a0 Projet\u00e9 en marge de la comp\u00e9tition officielle des Journ\u00e9es Cin\u00e9matographiques de Carthage dans le cadre de la section \u00ab\u00a0Panorama\u00a0\u00bb; \u00ab\u00a0Khorma\u00a0\u00bbfut le sujet d’un grand d\u00e9bat entre les cin\u00e9philes qui ont admir\u00e9 la nouvelle approche cin\u00e9matographique pr\u00e9sent\u00e9e par ce jeune r\u00e9alisateur. \u00a0 Install\u00e9 en France depuis 1982, Jilani Sa\u00e2di a d\u00e9j\u00e0 r\u00e9alis\u00e9 un premier court-m\u00e9trage en 1994, intitul\u00e9 \u00ab\u00a0Marchandage nocturne\u00a0\u00bb puis son moyen m\u00e9trage \u00ab\u00a0Caf\u00e9-H\u00f4tel de l’avenir\u00a0\u00bb en 1997. \u00a0 Apr\u00e8s les JCC, le jeune r\u00e9alisateur s’est envol\u00e9 avec son film \u00ab\u00a0Khorma\u00a0\u00bb pour participer \u00e0 d’autres manifestations cin\u00e9matographiques. Mais, le voil\u00e0, maintenant, parmi nous pour fignoler le programme de la sortie de son film, dans deux salles de la capitale, pr\u00e9vue le 6 f\u00e9vrier. \u00a0 (Source : Le Quotidien du 5 janvier 2002, d\u2019apr\u00e8s le portail Babelweb)<\/font> \u00a0<\/font> <\/div>\n
<\/font> <\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/div>\n
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Nouveaux tarifs des communications t\u00e9l\u00e9phoniques internationales<\/font><\/h4>\n
<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n
04\/01\/2003–<\/span><\/i><\/b> Tunisie T\u00e9l\u00e9com annonce dans un communiqu\u00e9 rendu public, samedi, que, suite \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision du Chef de l’Etat de r\u00e9duire les tarifs des communications internationales allant de 25 \u00e0 40%, selon le type d’abonnement, la r\u00e9duction entrera en vigueur \u00e0 partir du lundi 6 janvier 2003. Tunisie T\u00e9l\u00e9com pr\u00e9cise que la nouvelle tarification concerne toutes les communications internationales sur la t\u00e9l\u00e9phonie fixe et mobile pr\u00e9-pay\u00e9e et post-pay\u00e9e. Les nouveaux tarifs sont fix\u00e9s comme suit : <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Pays<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Ancien Tarif TTC<\/span><\/b> <\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Nouveau Tarif TTC hors taxe <\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Nouveau Tarif <\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/font><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Millime\/mn<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Millime\/mn <\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Millime\/mn <\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Pays du Maghreb Arabe<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
540<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
323<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
400 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Pays arabes et europ\u00e9ens<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
900 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
525 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
650 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Autres pays<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1080<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
646 <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
800<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n
La Taxe sur la Valeur Ajout\u00e9e (18%) et la taxe sur les communications (5%) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 int\u00e9gr\u00e9es dans les nouveaux tarifs selon les r\u00e9glementations fiscales en vigueur. <\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
(Source\u00a0: <\/font>www.infotunisie.com<\/a>)<\/font> <\/p>\n\n
<\/span> <\/div>\n
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\n
Analyse Hebdomadaire de la Bourse de Tunis<\/span><\/font><\/h4>\n
<\/o:p> <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Semaine au 03 janvier 2003.<\/p>\n
<\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
Titre<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Plus fortes hausses<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Titre<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Plus fortes baisses<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Titre<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Les titres les plus dynamiques<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
%<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Cours<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
%<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Cours<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Quantit\u00e9<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Volume<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
STAR<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
12,18<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
8,660<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
STEQ<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
-7,69<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
5,160<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
LSTR<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
631.888<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
3 835 595<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
AMS<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
9,22<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
4,500<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
P.Beach ADP<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
-5,72<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
5,110<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SFBT<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
68.327<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2 733 304<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
LSTR<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
6,78<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
6,300<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
BATAM<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
-5,38<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2,460<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SIAME<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
94.758<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
2 414 430<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
SOTRAPIL<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
6,10<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
12,690<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
STB<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
-4,27<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
8,520<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SOMOCER<\/span><\/a><\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
30.044<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n
\n
555 814<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Cette semaine a connu une transition globalement plate entre l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2002 qui est rest\u00e9e sur un bilan n\u00e9gatif et le d\u00e9but de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2003 sur fond d\u2019incertitude quant \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9volution future du march\u00e9 cette ann\u00e9e. <\/o:p> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
En parall\u00e8le, l\u2019indice de capitalisation \u2013 TUNINDEX \u2013 a retrac\u00e9 cette semaine une \u00e9volution graphique sym\u00e9trique marqu\u00e9e en d\u00e9but de la semaine par l\u2019effet fin d\u2019ann\u00e9e, avant qu\u2019une l\u00e9g\u00e8re baisse sur fond d\u2019effet janvier assez terne ne vienne annuler les quelques points de couleurs cumul\u00e9s. <\/o:p> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
Ainsi, le TUNINDEX a termin\u00e9 vendredi au niveau des 1112,02 points, soit une tr\u00e8s l\u00e9g\u00e8re baisse de 0,08%. En outre, il est \u00e0 noter que le TUNINDEX a termin\u00e9 l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2002 sur une contre-performance presque \u00e9gale \u00e0 celle de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2001, soit une glissade de 11,66% \u00e0 1119,15 points. <\/o:p> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
Par ailleurs, le volume des \u00e9changes s\u2019est \u00e9lev\u00e9 \u00e0 10,7MD dont 95% ont \u00e9t\u00e9 enregistr\u00e9s pendant les deux derni\u00e8res s\u00e9ances de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2002 ; pour dire que l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2003 a bien commenc\u00e9 dans l\u2019incertitude. Parmi les titres qui ont marqu\u00e9 la fin de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2002 par leur dynamisme notable, <\/span>ELECTROSTAR<\/span><\/a> (+6,78% \u00e0 6,300 DT) et <\/span>SIAME<\/span><\/a> (-0,08% \u00e0 25,460 DT) ont connu, respectivement, la rotation de 631.888 et 94.758 titres principalement sur les deux premi\u00e8res s\u00e9ances. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/span><\/font> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
En effet, <\/span>ELECTROSTAR<\/span><\/a> qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 anim\u00e9e pendant le quatri\u00e8me trimestre 2002 par une \u00e9ventuelle entr\u00e9e du g\u00e9ant Sud Cor\u00e9en \u00ab LG \u00bb dans le capital de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u2013 une information qui demeure \u00e0 nos jours en attente d\u2019une confirmation \u2013, a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 d\u2019un retour du march\u00e9 en ce d\u00e9but d\u2019ann\u00e9e sur les petites et moyennes capitalisations. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/span><\/font> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
En effet, apr\u00e8s avoir pass\u00e9 au-dessus de la barre symbolique des 6 DT, le titre a pu affermir sa position au niveau des 6,300 DT pour s\u2019inscrire parmi les plus fortes hausses de la semaine. <\/o:p> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
Il est \u00e0 noter \u00e9galement qu\u2019<\/span>ELECTROSTAR<\/span><\/a> a termin\u00e9 l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2002 sur une contre-performance de pr\u00e8s de 41%. <\/span>TUNISIE LEASING<\/span><\/a> qui a touch\u00e9 un plus bas \u00e0 16,600 DT suite \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation de la deuxi\u00e8me tranche de son augmentation de capital, a pu revenir sur la m\u00eame vague \u00e0 son niveau th\u00e9orique \u00ab ex-coupon \u00bb dans des quantit\u00e9s \u00e9chang\u00e9es qui restent toutefois tr\u00e8s r\u00e9duites. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/span><\/font> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
Dans le m\u00eame registre, <\/span>SOTRAPIL<\/span><\/a> a rebondi de 6,10% \u00e0 12,690 DT, alors que le titre cumule une contre-performance de 15,23% sur l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2002. C\u00f4t\u00e9 actualit\u00e9, le Cr\u00e9dit Industriel et Commercial \u2013 C.I.C \u2013 a annonc\u00e9 en d\u00e9but de la semaine qu\u2019il a franchi \u00e0 la hausse le seuil des 10% dans le capital de la <\/span>Banque de Tunisie<\/span><\/a>, et ce, apr\u00e8s avoir acquis 419.995 titres d\u00e9tenus initialement par sa filiale, la Banque Transatlantique. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/span><\/font> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
Il est \u00e0 noter que le d\u00e9clarant a annonc\u00e9 qu\u2019il vise porter dans les douze prochains mois sa participation dans le capital de la <\/span>BT<\/span><\/a> au voisinage des 20%. C\u00f4t\u00e9 cours, <\/span>BT<\/span><\/a> a termin\u00e9 vendredi sur une l\u00e9g\u00e8re baisse de 0,97% \u00e0 51 DT. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/span><\/font>\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
Toujours dans le bancaire, <\/span>STB<\/span><\/a> a chut\u00e9 de 4,27% \u00e0 8,520 DT, soit son plus bas niveau depuis des mois ; alors qu\u2019<\/span>UIB<\/span><\/a> (28.630 titres) a l\u00e2ch\u00e9 en fin de la semaine la barre des 14 DT pour terminer \u00e0 13,900 DT (-0,71%). <\/span><\/span><\/font>\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
Sur un autre plan, la derni\u00e8re introduite \u2013 <\/span>SOMOCER<\/span><\/a> \u2013 semble \u00eatre insensible aux effets techniques du march\u00e9 puisque le titre a pu cl\u00f4turer sa troisi\u00e8me semaine cons\u00e9cutive de cotation autour d\u2019un consensus au niveau des 18,500 DT. Par ailleurs, bien que l\u2019ann\u00e9e 2003 marquera \u00e9ventuellement, et ce, selon plusieurs analystes \u00e9trangers, la fin de la d\u00e9crue des valorisations des march\u00e9s boursiers internationaux, l\u2019horizon \u00e9conomique qui demeure toujours sur un fond d\u2019incertitude qui a amplifi\u00e9 depuis des mois l\u2019aversion des petits porteurs vis-\u00e0-vis des placements en valeurs mobili\u00e8res, retardera vraisemblablement le vrai signal de reprise au deuxi\u00e8me semestre 2003. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/span><\/font> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
Cela dit, bon nombre d\u2019analystes ne veulent plus se prononcer sur ce sujet qui reste tr\u00e8s al\u00e9atoire, mais ils estiment tous que les march\u00e9s boursiers ont touch\u00e9 des plus bas qu\u2019il serait difficile de casser \u00e0 la baisse. <\/o:p> <\/o:p> <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/span>(Source\u00a0: Tustex News N\u00b0:159,\u00a0 <\/span>http:\/\/www.tustex.com.tn<\/span><\/a> )<\/span><\/font> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
\u00a0 <\/div>\n
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Pantin<\/font><\/strong> <\/p>\n
Toujours aucune piste apr\u00e8s l’agression dans le m\u00e9tro<\/font><\/h4>\n
<\/strong> <\/div>\n
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SEINE-SAINT-DENIS, JEUDI APR\u00c8S-MIDI. Ahmed, sur son lit d’h\u00f4pital, ne comprend pas comment ses deux agresseurs ont pu commettre une telle chose. \u00a0 (LP\/J.C.) <\/div>\n
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L’ENQU\u00caTE sur l’agression d’Ahmed est au point mort. Apr\u00e8s avoir entendu ce jeune travailleur immigr\u00e9 tunisien de 25 ans, les enqu\u00eateurs de la PJ \u00e9taient toujours hier dans le flou le plus total. Mercredi soir, vers 21 heures, Ahmed a \u00e9t\u00e9 poignard\u00e9, \u00e0 la sortie du m\u00e9tro Hoche \u00e0 Pantin, par deux inconnus. Ces deux Maghr\u00e9bins avaient d’abord sem\u00e9 le trouble dans les wagons. \u00ab Ils insultaient et frappaient un voyageur \u00bb, se souvient Ahmed. Sortis \u00e0 la station Hoche, les deux hommes avaient d\u00e9bit\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de la billetterie des chapelets d’injures avant de frapper le jeune homme, qui leur avait adress\u00e9 une remarque, d’un coup de couteau au c\u00f4t\u00e9 droit. Dans un \u00e9tat critique, Ahmed avait \u00e9t\u00e9 op\u00e9r\u00e9 toute la nuit avant d’\u00eatre sorti d’affaire. Ayant tout abandonn\u00e9 pour venir travailler \u00e0 Paris, il a laiss\u00e9 ses \u00e9tudes, ses amis et surtout sa m\u00e8re malade en Tunisie. En situation r\u00e9guli\u00e8re, avec un titre de s\u00e9jour d’un an renouvelable, il travaille d’arrache-pied. \u00ab Je fais des petits boulots, surtout dans la restauration, mais je peux tout faire \u00bb, souligne-t-il. Aujourd’hui hors de danger, il pourra sortir de l’h\u00f4pital la semaine prochaine. Mais Ahmed est encore indign\u00e9 par cet acte sauvage dont il a fait les frais. \u00ab Je me souviens tr\u00e8s bien de ces deux hommes. Le premier avait une queue de cheval et faisait 1,80 m, l’autre plus petit, peut-\u00eatre 1,60 m, portait des cheveux tr\u00e8s courts. J’esp\u00e8re que la police pourra les attraper et qu’ils seront punis \u00bb, conclut-il.<\/p>\n
Si vous avez \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin des faits ou si vous avez des renseignements \u00e0 communiquer, contacter le groupe criminel du SDPJ 93 au 01.43.93.35.00.<\/p>\n
Julien Constant<\/font> <\/div>\n
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(Source: Le Parisien , samedi 04 janvier 2003 )<\/font> <\/div>\n
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Apr\u00e8s la le\u00e7on magistrale du juge Yahyaoui , M. Ben Hassine change d’attitude<\/font> <\/div>\n
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Apr\u00e8s la le\u00e7on magistrale du juge Yahyaoui, M. Ben Hassine change d’attitude. Le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre Haut Magistrat retrouve m\u00eame ses titres, fonctions et attribus sous la plume du patron du site internet: http:\/\/www.perspectivestunisiennes.net C’est ainsi que Mokhtar Yahyoui redevient Le juge Yahyaoui! et le parricide devient l’opposant admirable! avant de lancer cette jolie d\u00e9claration d’amour \u00ab\u00a0Les positions qu’il soutient dans ce texte le placent bien au-dessus des consid\u00e9rations conjoncturelles du communiqu\u00e9 ou de la r\u00e9ponse au communiqu\u00e9. Je pense que ce qu’il y a de plus utile, pour nous tous, c’est de d\u00e9battre des id\u00e9es qu’il a exprim\u00e9es pour aller de l’avant. Je n’ai aucune raison de le \u00ab\u00a0flatter\u00a0\u00bb en disant que les id\u00e9es qu’il exprime peuvent contribuer au renouveau dont l’opposition d\u00e9mocratique tunisienne a largement besoin.\u00a0\u00bb Il n’y a que les imb\u00e9ciles qui ne changent pas d’id\u00e9es, dit le vieil adage. Il faut toujours esp\u00e9rer dans l’Homme, m\u00eame lorsqu’il s’appelle Tahar Ben Hassine et qu’il occupe les fonctions qu’il occupe. Ainsi se termine une grande diversion qui n’a profit\u00e9 qu’\u00e0 la dictature gorille. Esp\u00e9rons que d’autres diversions verront le m\u00eame cours. Besan\u00e7on, le 5 janvier 2003 Abdel Wahab HANI <\/font><\/strong> Mokhtar Yahyaoui joue contre son propre camp! ( 22.12.2002 16:01 ) Mokhtar Yahyaoui : Perspectives pour la Tunisie ( 04.01.2003 20:41 ) Le juge Yahyaoui est aussi capable du meilleur… ( 05.01.2003 21:42 )<\/font> <\/div>\n
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Le juge Yahyaoui est aussi capable du meilleur….<\/font><\/h4>\n<\/h4>\n
Auteur: Tahar Ben Hassine<\/font><\/strong> <\/div>\n\n\n\n
Apr\u00e8s avoir lu le texte r\u00e9cemment publi\u00e9 par le juge Yahyaoui, je peux dire que je me r\u00e9jouis de l’effet hautement positif de notre \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9cente pol\u00e9mique\u00a0\u00bb. Il est vrai que le language de Mokhtar Yahyaoui n’est pas celui d’un th\u00e9oricien, mais celui d’un homme honn\u00eate, sinc\u00e8re et surtout profond\u00e9ment convaincu de sa cause. Je suis franchement heureux d’avoir contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 ce qu’il appara\u00eesse sous ce jour, et qu’il apporte ainsi \u00e0 l’opposition d\u00e9mocratique cette approche nouvelle qui lui manque \u00e9norm\u00e9ment. Ne pouvant toutefois r\u00e9pondre seul \u00e0 toutes les questions soulev\u00e9es par Mokhtar Yahyaoui, je ne peux que relever les points saillants de son texte, en les accompagnant de mes commentaires personnels.<\/font><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
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Pour Mokhtar Yahyaoui, \u00ab\u00a0Tout homme politique cens\u00e9 ne peut aujourd’hui que reconna\u00eetre la fin du temps des insurrections, des coups d’\u00e9tat et des r\u00e9volutions\u00a0\u00bb<\/b><\/i>. J’approuve tout \u00e0 fait cette appr\u00e9ciation et j’ajouterai m\u00eame que dans un monde devenu \u00ab\u00a0grand village\u00a0\u00bb gr\u00e2ce aux moyens de communication modernes et \u00e0 l’interd\u00e9pendance croissante des pays et des peuples, les insurrections, coups d’\u00e9tat et r\u00e9volutions n’ont plus d\u00e9sormais aucune justification, sauf peut \u00eatre pour les dictateurs ambitieux. <\/font> <\/li>\n
Amener les gens \u00e0 d\u00e9sirer le changement \u00ab\u00a0non seulement par m\u00e9contentement mais surtout par conviction<\/b><\/i> me semble \u00eatre la seule voie d’un changement durable et surtout orient\u00e9 vers le meilleur. MY devrait cependant \u00eatre conscient du fait que les courants obscurantistes travaillent pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment \u00e0 canaliser le seul m\u00e9contement et rejettent toute action destin\u00e9e \u00e0 \u00e9veiller les consciences. L’utilisation des croyances religieuses, indiscutables de par leur essence m\u00eame, ne peut aucunement \u00e9veiller les consciences, mais plut\u00f4t les geler. Car comment \u00e9veiller la conscience d’un citoyen en lui demandant de rejeter une dictature pour une soumission \u00e0 Dieu, repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 sur terre par une poign\u00e9e de demi-imams? Comment \u00e9veiller la conscience d’un citoyen en lui disant que son avenir et celui de ses enfants sont d\u00e9finis par une interpr\u00e9tation de la parole de Dieu? Comment \u00e9veiller la conscience d’un citoyen en lui imposant l’application des r\u00e8gles de la sharia, correspondant \u00e0 des ex\u00e9g\u00e8ses et jurisprudences humaines datant de plusieurs si\u00e8cles, aux probl\u00e8mes de nos soci\u00e9t\u00e9s contemporaines?. La conviction suppose la r\u00e9flexion, la volont\u00e9 et le positivisme et non la soumission. <\/font> <\/li>\n
Ce que MY a \u00e9crit de plus juste \u00e0 mon sens , c’est cette phrase qui para\u00eet simple, mais dont les implications constituent toute la probl\u00e9matique pos\u00e9e \u00e0 l’opposition d\u00e9mocratique : \u00ab\u00a0S’il y a une v\u00e9ritable r\u00e9volution dans le changement dont notre pays a besoin c’est dans la fa\u00e7on de l’aborder<\/b><\/i>\u00ab\u00a0. Mais \u00e0 lui seul, ce point peut constituer l’objet de bien nombreux d\u00e9bats. <\/font> <\/li>\n
MY explique ensuite les motivations de son \u00ab\u00a0j’accuse\u00a0\u00bb par le fait qu’il a \u00ab\u00a0voulu sensibiliser tous nos citoyens et les amener a sentir le martyr de nos prisonniers d’opinions et l’infamie dans laquelle sont d\u00e9tenus tous nos prisonniers sans m\u00e9nager ni pouvoir ni opposition dans ma contestation\u00a0\u00bb <\/b><\/i>. Ceci est non seulement son droit mais \u00e9galement \u00e0 son honneur. Je ne le lui conteste donc nullement, mais je pense qu’il y est all\u00e9 un \u00ab\u00a0peu trop fort\u00a0\u00bb, du moins au niveau de la forme. Dans le fond, je ne suis pas loin de penser comme lui de notre opposition d\u00e9mocratique et de ses leaders, mais ce qui temp\u00e8re ma r\u00e9volte, c’est ma compr\u00e9hension des conditions dans lesquelles ils travaillent. Et c’est ce qui m’am\u00e8ne le plus souvent \u00e0 consid\u00e9rer que, les conditions \u00e9tant ce qu’elles sont, un encouragement serait plus efficace qu’une condamnation. MY est bien plac\u00e9 pour savoir que nous sommes dans une dictature et que tout ce qui est susceptible d’affaiblir nos alli\u00e9s renforce obligatoirement nos adversaires. <\/font> <\/li>\n
MY a raison de consid\u00e9rer que dans les conditions nouvelles de notre pays et du monde, \u00ab\u00a0le plus d\u00e9terminant dans tout engagement politique n’est plus le don de soi, le sacrifice et le martyr pour son pays\u00a0\u00bb<\/b><\/i>, mais plut\u00f4t la recherche constante de l’am\u00e9lioration des conditions de vie morale et mat\u00e9rielle des citoyens, \u00e0 travers plus de justice et plus de libert\u00e9 et que ceci impose l’implication de chaque citoyen et non pas le recrutement de d\u00e9sesp\u00e9r\u00e9s. Ceci n’est cependant vrai que tant que les conditions de paix se trouvent maintenues. A d\u00e9faut, le don de soi et le martyr s’imposent \u00e9videmment pour la d\u00e9fense de la patrie. Mais dans ce contexte de paix, nous avons bien plus besoin de \u00ab\u00a0gros cerveaux\u00a0\u00bb pour convaincre que de \u00ab\u00a0gros bras\u00a0\u00bb pour attaquer. <\/font> <\/li>\n
MY affirme qu’il veut seulement \u00ab\u00a0qu’on soit d\u00e9finitivement d\u00e9barrass\u00e9e de cette illusion de chef ou de guide qui va tout r\u00e9aliser<\/b><\/i>. Or, d’une part cette illusion n’existe pas et personne ne l’entretient, et d’autre part un chef n’est pas quelqu’un qui va tout r\u00e9aliser. C’est simplement un homme ou une femme qui a plus de disponibilit\u00e9, plus d’exp\u00e9rience et plus d’esprit d’\u00e9quipe, si je peux dire, pour coordonner le travail d’un mouvement ou d’un parti. C’est tout simplement cela. Et c’est \u00e0 ce titre qu’ils doivent b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier de nos encouragements. L’efficacit\u00e9 est \u00e0 ce prix et aucun travail organis\u00e9 ne peut se passer de coordinateur. Il est \u00e9galement un autre facteur qui milite en faveur de la reconnaissance du r\u00f4le d’un chef de parti ou d’un leader de mouvement. C’est la personnalisation croissante des id\u00e9es. Ce facteur a davantage de poids aujourd’hui avec les moyens audio-visuels de communication. Et cela, la dictature l’a bien compris lorsqu’on remarque que notre t\u00e9l\u00e9vision dite \u00ab\u00a0nationale\u00a0\u00bb ne pr\u00e9sente plus jamais de \u00ab\u00a0t\u00eates\u00a0\u00bb. Car le principe fondateur de toute dictature est l’id\u00e9e d’un seul chef, sans \u00e9gal et sans rival. Et c’est en cela que la mise en avant et la consid\u00e9ration de nos propres leaders, les Chabbi, Charfi, Marzouki, Ben Jaafar et autres, constitue un des moyens de combattre la dictature. <\/font> <\/li>\n
Je suis enti\u00e8rement d’accord avec MY lorsqu’il affirme que \u00ab\u00a0on n’est pas loin du Portugal de salazare ni de l’Espagne de Franco ou de la Gr\u00e8ce des g\u00e9n\u00e9raux<\/b><\/i>\u00ab\u00a0. Je peux m\u00eame dire que l’une des meilleures initiatives \u00e0 entreprendre, pour nous d\u00e9mocrates tunisiens, est d’organiser un colloque avec des d\u00e9mocrates ou anciens responsables de ces pays pour qu’ils nous exposent leur exp\u00e9rience de \u00ab\u00a0sortie de dictature\u00a0\u00bb. J’esp\u00e8re pour nous tous, que si le projet se r\u00e9alise, MY sera avec nous pour apporter sa propre contribution, si bien s\u00fbr \u00ab\u00a0la r\u00e9publique de demain\u00a0\u00bb permet \u00e0 un citoyen comme MY de disposer d’un passeport.<\/font> <\/li>\n
MY a raison de se demandez \u00ab\u00a0Comment peut on encore admettre les magouilles qui cherchent a occulter l’_expression de la noblesse de notre humanit\u00e9 s\u00e9questr\u00e9e , tortur\u00e9e et dont la vie m\u00eame est censur\u00e9e dans des ghetto des Tazmamart de Borj Erroumi ou El Amri entre autres…<\/b><\/i>. Sa r\u00e9volte est l\u00e9gitime. Je ne vois cependant aucune magouille dans la position des partis de l’opposition. Il y a certes une \u00ab\u00a0mollesse\u00a0\u00bb essentiellement motiv\u00e9e par la recherche d’un consensus entre eux, mais pas de magouille. Je pense qu’\u00e9tant \u00e0 pr\u00e9sent dans l’ar\u00e8ne, MY va in\u00e9vitablement \u00e9prouver les difficult\u00e9s du travail collectif. Mais comment pouvait-il oublier \u00e0 son tour que certains des leaders qu’il condamne sans appel ont \u00e9t\u00e9 eux-m\u00eames les \u00ab\u00a0h\u00f4tes\u00a0\u00bb des bagnes de Borj Erroumi et que de ce fait, ils ne peuvent \u00eatre insensibles, humainement et politiquement, au calvaire de nos concitoyens qui croupissent aujourd’hui dans ces m\u00eames bagnes? <\/font> <\/li>\n
MY se demande enfin \u00ab\u00a0Comment peut on \u00eatre accus\u00e9 de parricide en s\u00e9rie et de jouer contre son propre camp alors qu’on cherche \u00e0 sauver les plus martyris\u00e9s?<\/b><\/i>\u00ab\u00a0. Son travail de soutien aux victimes de l’oppression est admirable et reconnu de tous et ce n’est nullement \u00e0 ce titre qu’une critique lui a \u00e9t\u00e9 adress\u00e9e. Mais je ne pense franchement pas que le \u00ab\u00a0massacre\u00a0\u00bb des chefs des partis de l’opposition d\u00e9mocratique puisse aider en quoi que ce soit \u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0sauver les plus martyris\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb. Je crois m\u00eame que s’il avait soumis ce texte \u00e0 certains de ces chefs de partis, il l’auraient cautionn\u00e9 enti\u00e8rement. Cela \u00e9tant, il me semble que l’\u00e9pisode est bien d\u00e9pass\u00e9. Les positions qu’il soutient dans ce texte le placent bien au-dessus des consid\u00e9rations conjoncturelles du communiqu\u00e9 ou de la r\u00e9ponse au communiqu\u00e9. Je pense que ce qu’il y a de plus utile, pour nous tous, c’est de d\u00e9battre des id\u00e9es qu’il a exprim\u00e9es pour aller de l’avant. Je n’ai aucune raison de le \u00ab\u00a0flatter\u00a0\u00bb en disant que les id\u00e9es qu’il exprime peuvent contribuer au renouveau dont l’opposition d\u00e9mocratique tunisienne a largement besoin.<\/font><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
(Source: <\/font><\/font>http:\/\/www.perspectivestunisiennes.net<\/font><\/a>\u00a0le \u00a005.01.2003 21:42)<\/font> <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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\u00a0<\/p>\n
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\u00a0<\/p>\n
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\u00a0 <\/div>\n
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\u00a0<\/font><\/strong> <\/div>\n
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The forbidden fruit of Middle East democracy<\/span><\/font> <\/font><\/span> <\/font><\/font>Online commentary: In our two-part special in association with the leading international affairs journal The World Today, Azzam Tamimi offers a personal assessment of the power of the polls and the reasons why free and fair elections have made so little headway elsewhere in the Middle East.<\/span><\/i> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n
\u00a0 <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Sunday January 5, 2003<\/span><\/b> Israelis will choose a new government later this month. Palestinians had also planned to go to the polls, but their election has been shelved. Under occupation and expected to stop the violence as well as reform, their situation has done little to bolster faith in democracy. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
A little over ten years ago, a number of Arab countries in the Middle East and North Africa felt the breeze of democracy that blew across our globe. Unlike Eastern Europe and Central America, in the Arab and Muslim regions the breeze soon gave way to scorching winds of turmoil that only consolidated existing dictatorships. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Democracy, in as much as it entails free elections, accountability, transparency, the rule of law and the protection of fundamental human rights, is a forbidden fruit. Nevertheless, almost every single occupier of a seat of power throughout the twenty two Arab ‘territorial’ entities has come under pressure to liberalise and democratise. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Pressures, both internal and external, prompted several of these despots to stage a form of elections that made little if any difference. Usually no credible contestants are allowed to run and sometimes, as in the recent case of Iraq’s President Saddam Hussein, it is a question of voting yes or no to the sole legitimate candidate. In this particular instance, the authorities saved the people the trouble of having to go to the polling stations – all eligible voters ended up voting yes. In republican regimes, a one hundred per cent result is not always achieved. But something quite close is often declared – say, 99.99 or, in the worst case, 99.98 percent. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Tangible liberalisation<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
In five Arab countries in particular, where a tangible degree of liberalisation has been allowed, limited features of democratisation are inevitable. In Egypt, Morocco, Jordan, Kuwait and Yemen, political parties do exist, parliaments do convene and elements of constitutionalism are found. The press in these countries is relatively freer and, occasionally, political opposition is granted permission to assemble and protest. After several years of bloodshed and destruction, Algeria has chosen to join this club of Arab ‘semi-democracies’. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
However, genuine democratisation is impeded even in those relatively liberal states because the top executive enjoys absolute power. This is usually provided and protected by the armed forces and other paramilitary agencies such as the intelligence services; so much so that the rule of law and the public’s freedoms to choose, assemble and speak are easily undermined. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
A case in point is the fact that in almost every one of these countries the judiciary is quite independent and vocal, but suspected opponents of the regime – and for that matter all those alleged to pose a threat to the ‘state’ – are arbitrarily arrested, detained without trial for as long as the state wishes and then brought before military courts. Emergency laws dating from colonial times intimidate, terrorise and brutalise critics while deterring potential ones. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Of course, other problems face democratisation in the Arab region. Some of these come from local cultural norms. However, the most formidable obstacles derive from the limitations imposed on the modern Arab post-colonial territorial state. Former, as well as current, colonial powers have never been interested in allowing, let alone encouraging, the emergence of liberal democracies similar to those the colonialists enjoy back home. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
According to a leading article published in the Economist a couple of years ago, the United States sees only two prerequisites for a regime to qualify as democratic: a market economy and that it poses no threat to US interests. In other words, it does not bother the Americans what sort of regime rules in Iraq, Libya or Saudi Arabia provided Washington’s interests are guaranteed and its economic needs fulfilled. It is no wonder that we are only now told that Saddam’s regime came to power through a coup orchestrated by the Central Intelligence Agency. Nor is it surprising that this regime’s brutality and abuse of every single human right were tolerated by the US and western European allies so long as Saddam danced to their tune. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Democratic forces in the region even believe that some democratisation measures put in place towards the end of the 1980s had to be withdrawn under US pressure to give the peace process between the Arabs and Israel a chance. Signs of the failure of that process appeared quite early on when democratic western governments were unperturbed about the undemocratic way in which the Palestinian Authority was being put in place. Yasser Arafat was their man, and they wanted him, together with his Tunisian-Palestinian entourage – the most corrupt and most disrespectful of human rights in any Palestinian community – to take charge of Palestinians under occupation. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
The election of President Arafat was no more credible or honourable than that of any other dictator in the region. Only an ageing woman known to very few people inside or outside Palestine was allowed to run against him. The election of Palestinian representatives to the Oslo-created Legislative Council was equally laughable. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Sole democracy<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Alone in the region, Israelis enjoy the right to elect their governments and even to bring them down. It must be an odd position for a liberal democracy that is in every respect European, or let’s say western, to exist in an ocean of despotism and tyranny. But while boasting of being the sole democracy, Israelis believe that democracy in surrounding countries can be very dangerous. Like their American backers and sponsors, Israelis are under the impression that undemocratic Arab ruling elites are less likely to cause them headaches. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
The early nineties saw repeated warnings by prominent Israeli officials, from the head of state to junior ministers and media commentators, alarmed by the sweeping successes of Islamists in elections held in various parts of the Middle East and North Africa. The Jordanian Islamic movement, together with a number of independent Islamists, captured up to a third of the seats in the country’s parliament. The Tunisia Ennahda Movement was heading towards a majority, had it not been for the rapid intervention of President Zine El-Abidine Benali. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n
While similar successes were seen in Egypt, Yemen and Kuwait, Algeria was the most alarming. France put its weight behind the Algerian army as it sent tanks to crush the ballot boxes and submerge the country in a bloodbath. Advised by their Israeli friends, the Americans soon withdrew even their mild protest and seemed to express ‘understanding’ that the army had to intervene, allegedly to ‘protect democracy from its real enemies.’ <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
What appears more ironic, especially to Palestinians who do not benefit from Israel’s democracy, is that it seems identical to the white man’s democracy in apartheid South Africa. Only a legitimate member of Israel’s ‘democratic club’ is eligible to take part and enjoy its fruits. Any Jew anywhere around the world is qualified to become a member whenever he or she desires, while the Palestinians – the oppressed and dispossessed – are treated the way the apartheid regime treated the black majority. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
The privileges enjoyed by Jews in Israel are denied to non-Jews and the law applied to Palestinians is that of occupation. Palestinian lives, properties and dignities are of a much lower value than those of their oppressors. But even among Jews themselves, racism is rampant. Jews of Ashkenazi descent are first class citizens, followed by those of Sephardic descent, then by those whose skin colour is brown or black. The scandal of ‘black blood’ is just one of many examples of the endemic racism. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
As politicians and observers struggle to understand and explain why the peace process between Israelis and Palestinians has failed so miserably, few, if any, think it appropriate to look into the apartheid nature of Israel and consider it as a likely explanation. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Towards an abyss<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Yes, Israel is a liberal democracy, but its democracy is changing its nature. The founder of the state and its leaders throughout the fifties and sixties would be alarmed to see the kind of governments that are being delivered to power. Israel is being transformed from a secular pragmatic Zionist entity into an ultra-Orthodox dogmatic Zionist one. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
The desire to be recognised by neighbouring nations and allowed to live and let live is rapidly eroding. For the past two decades, Israeli voters have increasingly been sending to the Knesset parliamentarians that want war not peace. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Blinded by power and comfortably confident of US support, Israel’s elected politicians are leading their people toward an abyss. Competing for power, and wanting to keep it once in office, Israeli leaders will swing and make others swing toward the extreme right. Prime Minister Ariel Sharon promised to do what his predecessor, Ehud Barak, failed to accomplish – to crush the Palestinian intifada. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Sharon’s present term is approaching its end, but the intifada is far from over. Before he took charge the ratio of Palestinians to Israelis killed in the conflict was around 100 to 1; today it is around 4 to 1. Amnesty International reports that in the two years after September 2000, 1700 Palestinians were killed, 250 of whom were children, as opposed to 580 Israelis, 72 of them children. Being tough has become extremely costly in Israeli lives. While Palestinians feel they have nothing more to lose, Israelis have everything to lose. The time may come when Israel will regret ever having a democracy. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
Dr Azzam Tamimi is Director of the Institute of Islamic Political Thought in London and a senior lecturer at the Markfield Institute of Higher Education. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n
About The World Today essay<\/span><\/b> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
This article will appear in the January 2003 issue of The World Today, published by the Royal Institute of International Affairs at Chatham House. An essay from The World Today appears online in Observer Worldview each month. <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
The World Today provides expert analysis on current international issues. For more information and an online sample issue of The World Today, please go to www.theworldtoday.org<\/a>. Please contact Michelle Mannion at mmannion@riia.org<\/a> if you would like more information<\/span> <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
(Source: le journal britannique The Observer dat\u00e9 le 5 janvier 2003, <\/o:p> <\/span><\/p>\n
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